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Companies
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What is Companies?

Companies sit at the center of business education because they serve as the primary unit of analysis for understanding how markets, management, and economies function. Courses in business administration, organizational behavior, international business, and human resources all use the firm as a starting point for examining broader questions about competition, labor, strategy, and social responsibility. What makes companies academically interesting is their dual role as economic actors and social institutions — they generate products and profit while also shaping employment, culture, and public policy in significant ways.

Student papers on this topic approach companies from a wide range of angles. Some take a case-study format, examining specific organizations and markets, such as direct foreign investment decisions or the entry of Ford and General Motors into the Russian market. Others focus on functional areas like global human resources management, training and development practices, and quality management's effect on domestic and global competition. Policy-oriented papers address issues such as job outsourcing and its effects on the U.S. labor market, while ethics-focused essays examine corporate social responsibility and global sociocultural obligations. Leadership analysis also appears, looking at what makes executives effective in complex organizational settings.

A strong essay on companies should establish a focused thesis tied to a specific business function, market condition, or organizational challenge rather than attempting to describe a company in general terms. Evidence drawn from industry data, financial performance, or documented management practices carries the most weight. The most common pitfall is treating a company as a background subject rather than a lens — the firm should be used to illuminate a larger argument about markets, organizations, or strategy.

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Paper Masters
Nike and Blizzard Entertainment's contrasting product marketing strategies
This paper is a marketing paper that compares the product development and product management approaches of two companies. Those two companies are the athletic apparel maker Nike and the MMORPG maker Blizzard Entertainment. Their approaches are compared and contrasted, with examples and then an assessment is made as to which is better.
Paper Doctorate
Coca-Cola's organizational structure and international market strategy
There are several factors that can influence companies' success and well functioning. Their organizational structure is one of them. Companies' organizational structure relies on their processes and systems, but also on the organization of human resources. Specialists in the field have focused on developing theoretical models intended to address the problems that companies face in their attempt to strengthen their organizational structure in accordance with the requirements of the business environment.
Paper Undergraduate
Alcan's decentralized IT structure and enterprise system consolidation challenge
Alcan's continued revenue growth is the result of the combined success of increasing sales in four main business units, in addition to growth through acquisition. The cumulative effects of these two factors have served to create a profitable business and one where a highly decentralized organizational structure dominates (Chang, Wang, 2011). The catalyst of the organization becoming so decentralized is the continued revenue gains made across four businesses, each competing in market areas that face heavy pricing and commodity-like market conditions. Despite the heavily process-centric based approaches the industry takes to supply chain management, production and distribution, Alcan has been also able to profitably grow sales in the more mature markets they compete in. The senior management and IT departments credit the highly decentralized nature of the enterprise-wide systems that run the company. During the time period of the case, Alcan generated $23.6B in sales in 2006, and has 68,000 employees throughout its global operations that span 61 countries. The four major groups include Primary Metal, Engineered Products, Packaging and Bauxite & Alumina. Each of these business groups have their own Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system and IT infrastructure. They each also have their own maintenance contracts with enterprise software vendors including SAP who the company pays approximately $100M a year in maintenance fees to. There are also the costs of operating over 400 different pricing systems, many of which duplicate functions across divisions as well. The new CIO of the company, Robert Ouellette, enters into a challenging situation and one that will require a completely different IT and organizational structure to succeed. Organizational Environment The Alcan organizational environment is highly decentralized to the point of there being four separate companies in the same corporation, each with its own entire value chain and supporting functions. As with the value chain concept, each of the four divisions has created its own main and supporting functions, and no two business units or divisions are the same. From the initial supply chain management and supplier quality management processes and systems to the supplier qualification, new product development, production and fulfillment including logistics, each business unit is significantly different than the other. When information systems and processes become unique to a given organizational business unit or division, the information and intelligence shared redefines the identity and over time, the core competencies of a business unit (Boh, Yellin, 2007). This is exactly what's happening in the four business units of Alcan during the time period of the case study. The Primary Metal, Engineered Products, Packaging and Bauxite & Alumina have in effect become their own companies, each with its own ERP, Manufacturing Execution System (MES), Supply Chain Management (SCM) and myriad of pricing and distribution systems. The case states that there are over 400 different pricing systems in place across the four business units or divisions. CIO Robert Ouellette and other senior executives see the potential for consolidating all systems together and creating a centralized IT architecture. Creating a highly centralized IT architecture and framework would require the fundamental structure of the company to change significantly. It would also require an entirely new IT architecture, followed by redefinition of processes, systems and procedures throughout the company. As the information platforms or technologies of a business define not only the performance of divisions but the structure and performance of business models over time, Robert Ouellette and his staff must think strategically as to how they will modify the overall organizational structure.
Paper Masters
A neighborhood retail pharmacy business plan with senior-focused service strategy
This is a business plan about a retail pharmacy. The plan covers off in its contents all of the following areas of interest: executive summary, organizational structure, marketing plan and financial plan. There is a pro forma income statement included and there is also included in this paper an org chart.
Paper Undergraduate
Quantitative and qualitative research methodologies compared
This paper is about exploratory research. Quantitative and qualitative are explained in terms of their differences. Then, the basic orientations of qualitative research and explained. There is also discussion in this paper about confirmatory and exploratory forms of research, and how they interact in business research. There's a question about interviews as well.
Thesis Undergraduate
The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977: origins, provisions, and impact
This paper reviews the peer-reviewed and scholarly literature concerning the passage of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and what it prohibits. An analysis concerning the impact that the Act has had on American business at the national and international level is followed by a discussion concerning penalties for violations of the Act. An assessment of the impact on U.S. commerce is followed by a discussion concerning enforcement responsibility for the Act as well as other interesting issues identified during the research process. Finally, a summary of the research and important findings are presented in the conclusion.
Paper Undergraduate
The integrative approach to leadership in modern organizations
Leadership is a complex subject to study, in part because there are so many definitions of leadership. As a result of these multiple competing definitions, studying leadership is itself a complex endeavor, and one that…
Paper Undergraduate
The relationship between personality types and transformational leadership effectiveness
Most of the time, it is really not that difficult for some people to easily recognize differences of the other people. Others' working ways can be totally different from one's own. At times they can even be annoying. A lot of the time their subordinates can experience their leaders as very adverse and others can undergo the same leaders one of the best that they have ever seen.
Thesis Undergraduate
Regulatory compliance challenges in database management and storage
The advent of technology has increased the popularity of database usage in firms, yet the legislation regulating the field has yet to be finalized. The changing nature of the IT sector, coupled with the legislative traits, creates several situations in which the companies find it difficult to comply with the regulations. This paper recognizes some of those difficulties, and also proposes some solutions.
Thesis Undergraduate
Cincom Systems' IT acceptable use policy for employees
Cincom Systems' customers are the foundation of our success. This acceptable IT use policy statement is designed to provide our employees with the agility and flexibility to meet customer needs with accuracy and speed, while also protecting our IT systems, data, and records. This document defines the baseline of expectations for Cincom employees in interacting with all Cincom computing systems, platforms, Virtual Private Network (VPN) connections and partner sites as well. Every employee is expected at a minimum to ensure their activities on all Cincom IT systems don't jeopardize the confidentiality of customer data, financial data generated from Cincom operations, product and project development plans, and costing data of projects. As Cincom engages in confidential projects with governments globally in addition to the U.S. Department of Defense, any employee using data on these projects are required to have a valid DoD clearance in good standing. As Cincom's business is heavily dependent on these projects it is expected that employees will take every possible action to protect the sensitivity and privacy of all information and data sources within the Cincom IT systems. Employees with security clearances are expected to abide by all guidelines of the use of confidential government data on projects. This includes abiding by all vault processes and procedures for confidential government data, across all national ministries of defense served on Cincom projects. Employees are also expected to use Cincom IT systems during business hours for company work only; Internet use for personal activities needs to be completed off the premises given the highly secured nature of the Cincom IT system architecture and platform. Employees who fail to abide by these guidelines or willingly violate them will be subject to immediate dismissal and possible disciplinary actions. If government data from the U.S. or other nations are compromised, Cincom and the governments whose data has been compromised will engage in legal proceeding to retrieve and protect all assets, in addition to holding a formal investigation of the activities that led to the breach.