Liberty
Essays

Most of the studies on microwave antennas for medical applications have concentrated on generating hyperthermia for medical treatments and monitoring several physiological parameters.

In what is perhaps his most famous work, the book-length essay on Liberty, nineteenth-century English philosopher John Stuart Mill attempts to define both the extent of human liberty and the ways in which society can…

Due process in criminal law protects the rights of citizens with equal protection under law, including the right to legal counsel, the right to a jury trial of impartial peers, and the right to not testify against one's self. Both state and federal governments are held responsible for following the Federal Rules.

The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave, Written by Himself appeared in May 1845. William Lloyd Garrisonwrote the preface; Wendell Phillipswrote an introductory letter. Douglass's stark rendering of his torturous slave experiences, however, was the smash. By 1848, eleven thousand copies had been published in the United States; French and German translations had appeared; and in England, it had already experienced nine editions. Ecstatic praise for Douglass's eloquent and touching narrative was widespread. "The book, as a whole, judged as a mere work of art, would widen the fame of Bunyan or Defoe," wrote the Lynn Pioneer reviewer. This reviewer added: "It is the most thrilling work which the American press has ever issued -- and the most important. If it does not open the eyes of this people, they must be petrified into eternal sleep." A British reviewer marveled at Douglass, "a fugitive slave, as but yesterday, escaped from a bondage that doomed him to ignorance and degradation, [who] now stands up and rebukes oppression with a dignity and a fervor scarcely less glowing than that which Paul addressed to Agrippa."

Having long been viewed as peripheral to the study of Romanticism, Frankenstein has been moved to the center. Critics originally tried to assimilate Mary Shelley's novel to patterns already familiar from Romantic poetry. But more recent studies of Frankenstein have led critics to rethink Romanticism in light of Mary Shelley's contribution. Gradually emerging from the shadow of her husband, she is increasingly being recognized as a distinct voice within Romanticism, a distinctly feminine voice within what seems to be a male-dominated movement. The trend of recent studies of Frankenstein has been to view it as a critique of Romanticism, particularly as developed in Percy Shelley's poetry. Critics have argued that Frankenstein is a protest against Romantic titanism, against the masculine aggressiveness that lies concealed beneath the dreams of Romantic idealism.

Mary Beth Norton, Founding Mothers and Fathers. New York: First Vintage, 1996. 512 pp., bibliography, index.

The Declaration of Independence: Hypocrisy and Irony

It would not be an overstatement to say that the whole course of Western philosophy was influenced by the Greek philosopher known as Socrates. Although he did not leave any writings of his own or, at least, none of…

Bell Hooks, Born Gloria Watkins on September 25th 1952, is a prolific black activist, writer and scholar. Her works have sent shockwaves through the feminist and black activism arenas.

Saman has had a major impact on me, and its themes and characters continue to resonate within my soul. I first want to tell you how much I appreciate your boldness in writing a novel that at one point -- and in many…