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Philosophers
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What is Philosophers?

Philosophers as a topic appears across disciplines including political science, ethics, social theory, and the history of ideas. Courses in philosophy, sociology, and the humanities regularly ask students to engage with foundational thinkers because their frameworks continue to shape how society understands justice, human nature, the individual, and the good life. The breadth of the subject is part of what makes it academically rich — a single concept like justice or the nature of the mind can be traced across radically different traditions and historical moments, from ancient Greek dialogues to Enlightenment political theory to Taoist texts like the Tao Te Ching.

Student papers on this topic take several distinct approaches. Some focus on close reading and textual analysis, examining specific arguments such as Epicurus on the fear of death, the riddle of the Meno, or the concept of justice as it appears in the Republic, the Prince, and the Analects. Others are comparative, placing thinkers like Rousseau and Kant alongside each other to evaluate competing recommendations for reducing social conflict, or pairing figures like C. Wright Mills and Hannah Arendt to explore theories of mass society. A smaller set of papers applies philosophical frameworks to contemporary issues, including community reintegration and crisis intervention.

A strong essay on philosophers grounds its thesis in a clearly defined concept or argument rather than attempting to survey an entire thinker's work. Evidence drawn from primary texts carries the most weight, supported by careful interpretation rather than broad generalization. The most common pitfall is treating a philosopher's ideas as a fixed set of opinions rather than as arguments that require analysis, evaluation, and engagement with counterpositions.

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Paper Undergraduate

Evolution of Rhetorical Theory: Aristotle to Postmodernism

Rhetoric and rhetorical theory has been evolving and changing since Aristotle first wrote On Rhetoric, and this process continues to this day. Changes in rhetorical theory have largely coincided with developments in…

Paper Undergraduate

In Defense of Free Will: Religion, Morality, and Choice

Do we create our own destiny or does our destiny create us? Buddha would have had one answer, Jesus another, and the great Islamic and Hindu prophets and teachers still a third. The modern age of science, spiritualism,…

Paper Undergraduate

The Elusive Theory of Everything: Physics and Philosophy

The Theory of Everything is an elusive hypothesis scientists have been searching for since the early 1900s. It is a theory of physics that fully explains and links all known physical phenomena -- a "General Theory of…

Paper Undergraduate

Romanticism in European and Russian Literature Explored

Some historians and literary critics are still debating over the concept of Romanticism as a determined period starting at the end of the eighteenth century and lasting until about the 1950s.

Paper Doctorate

Habermas's Public Sphere, Anderson, and Media Theory

Jurgen Habermas thought about the impact that public gatherings to discuss ideas of government, philosophy and other germane topics, an idea he called the public sphere, has had on history and nations. This paper discusses his idea in relation to Anderson's idea of imagined communities and the ideas of other theorists regarding the promotion or degradation of this forum.

Research Paper Undergraduate

Utopian Writers and Philosophy in 17th-Century England

The stereotypical concept of utopia in the minds of the average citizen in contemporary American society - who is likely uninformed as to the literature and diversity of forms that utopia has taken historically - is…

Paper Doctorate

Catholic Death Rituals and Views on Suicide Across Religions

Death and dying are natural parts of life, just as conception, pregnancy, birth, and maturation. Yet, the cultural paradigms surround the issue of death and dying change considerably by culture, chronology, and even…

Essay Doctorate

Classical Symphony: Baroque to Beethoven's Revolution

Music, like other forms of art, evolved from numerous traditions that, when taken together, formed a new way of thinking about, and performing, certain types of works. Audiences change over time, and certain musical compositions that sound odd or strange to one audience are often accepted by others (e.g. the rioting during the premier of Stravinsky's Rite of Spring). When people think of classical music, for instance, they tend to think of the three B's (Bach, Beethoven, and Brahms). Certainly, these three giants of music were part of the evolution from the Baroque to the Romantic, each building upon one another's work over two centuries.

Research Paper Doctorate

Conceptions of the Good: Plato vs. Augustine Compared

The article presents an analysis of the conceptions of good based on the ideas and works of Socrates/Plato and Augustine. The analysis begins with a brief discussion of the works and ideas of these philosophers and the main aspects of the conceptions of good. The following part explores the similarities and differences in the conceptions of good between Plato and Augustine.

Paper Undergraduate

The Parthenon: Political, Artistic, and Cultural Legacy

Parthenon was an architectural achievement the likes of which ancient Greece had never seen before. Athens, by the time of its construction, had become a cultural hub -- a place of affluence and learning.

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