In 2006 the government of Great Britain is stated to have: "...toughened anti-terrorism laws, making it a crime to 'glorify' terrorism and easing procedures for deporting clerics and others who advocate violence. There are presently approximately 2 million plus Muslims residing in Britain's Muslim community. In August 2006 a plot to bomb jumbo jets from the skies of Great Britain, jets that were headed to major U.S. cities was foiled. The 19 suspects, who are all Muslims, and 14 of which who are from London range in age from 17 to 35 years of age. Low employment rates among young Muslims ages 16 to 24, or a rate of 28% is said to "provide a fertile environment for extremist groups recruiting new members." (Sullivan and Partlow, 2006) According to the Washington Post report the root of the trouble is "...foreign policy." (Sullivan and Partlow, 2006) During the latter part of the 1990s 'Britain became the center of gravity for militant causes in Europe...and this made a very solid base for radicalization" (Sullivan and Partlow, 2006) according to Petter Nesser, analyst at the Norweigian Defense Research Establishment.
II. The INFLUENCE of HAZMA
In a 2006 report entitled: "Focus: How Liberal Britain Let Hate Flourish" Woods and Leppard report a story of Ricahid Salama, a young Algerian, who found himself homeless in London and found refuge in a large mosque in Finsbury Park "under the regime imposed by Abu Hamza, the one-eyed, hook-handed Egyptian who had seized control of the building from moderates and turned in into a centre for incitement to murder. The poisonous progress of Hazma, and the authority's slow reaction to it, reflects the wider rise of Islamic extremism in Britain and the sidelining of moderates." (Woods and Leppard, 2006) Hazma came to Britain to "take advantage of opportunities in the UK that he could not find in his native country - in his case Egypt. In 1979, aged 21, he arrived in London to study engineering. He worked as a hotel receptionists and nightclub bouncer, married an Englishwoman called Valerie Flemming and had a son. Favoring western dress, he exhibited no sign of radicalism." (Woods and Leppard, 2006) in the middle of the 1980s his wife had told him that due to his flirting with other women that she was leaving him. Hamza told her that he would change and dedicate himself to Islam at which time they began to attend a mosque in north London. (Woods and Leppard, 2006, paraphrased) However, it wasn't long before Hamza disappeared with his young son into the Middle East, reportedly to visit relatives for about six months yet Fleming hardly heard from Hazma of her son for 16 years. During this time Hazma lost his hands in an explosion and finally returned to Britain as an activist for radical Islam. Previous preachers for radical Islam generally spoke Pakistani or Indian dialects however, Hazma preached his sermons in Arabic and English and is stated to have "electrified his audience." (Woods and Leppard, 2006) the British intelligence services hired Reda Hassaine, an Algerian journalist to spy on Hazma who reported that "Hazma repeatedly called fro the murder of westerners and for holy war against all those opposed to Islam." (Woods and Leppard, 2006) Hassaine reported that: "He would sit down with boys as young as 10 in small groups and preach jihad to them," said Hassaine. "He would talk to them about death, the war and going to paradise. He would tell them they had a duty to fight for Allah and that they had to use a sword and they had to kill in the name of Allah and they had to die." (Woods and Leppard, 2006) Hassaine reported that Hazma was brainwashing these young men and sending them to Al-Qaeda terrorist training camps in Afghanistan, that he was preaching jihad and murder and that he was involved in the provision of false passports, and that he was a chief terrorist. (Woods and Leppard, 2006; paraphrased) it appears that "the authorities were wary of offending Muslim sensibilities, even in the case of Hazma. When police did finally raid the Finsbury Park mosque, they treated the hotbed of terrorism with utmost respect." (Woods and Leppard, 2006) Dr. Fouad Ajami, professor of Middle Eastern studies at John Hopkins University stated at this time that a battle for modern Islam is taking place and that the crisis in European Islam is one of a very severe nature. (Woods and Leppard, 2006; paraphrased) Ajami states that Hazma has goaded the younger generation who is the generation that feels the most alienation and is the most militant. The moderates in Britain far outnumber the...
The ultimate implication of the events of 9/11 is that Islam has become, as a result of American foreign policy, economic patterns and military endeavors, a hostile and radicalized culture. This is largely based on perceptions in the Islamic World that the Western World acts with favoritism toward Israel in diplomacy, demonstrates a tendency to exploit Arab states with military acts and pursues opportunistic relationships based on its dependence
Islam is one of the fastest growing religions in the modern world given that it provides a radically divergent view of God and mankind. The rapid growth of this religion has contributed to increased study of Islam by the West in attempts to understand the life of the Muslim. Additionally, Muslims themselves have expressed great interest in studying the reality of their religion in relation to the modern world. The
These have led to various problem areas which have had a dramatic affect on Muslim life. They include the increase in terror activities in Europe; the rise of anti-Semitism within the Muslim community and the increase in the prevalence of right - wing parties that are often violently opposed in their actions and rhetoric to Islamic fundamentalism. A fundamental issue that should be considered in attempting to understand the impact
By federal law, all passenger airliners now feature cockpit doors that are locked by the pilots from inside the cockpit. Likewise, pilot training now includes the specific instructions not to open the door in response to any occurrence or emergency in the passenger cabin; instead, pilots are under instructions to land the aircraft immediately in response to any perceived emergency that would have previously been cause to investigate beyond
It also illustrates how many of the same human rights that the U.S. Supreme Court has interpreted and applied are protected by others in a similar way." (Youm, 2007) It is noted that Louis Henkin stated of the U.S. constitutional system and international human rights, that each of these continue to influence each other. U.S. constitutional jurisprudence is invoked by international bodies, in particular by the European and the Inter-American
Ethnic minorities that were previously discriminated were provided with more chances of experiencing success in integrating the French society as a result of this measure. "The president also proposed requiring 100 large companies to experiment with recruitment based on anonymous CVs, to combat rampant discrimination against names revealing an immigrant origin" (Galliot, 2008). Even with the fact that Sarkozy appears to be determined about creating equal opportunities for ethnic minorities,
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now