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Race, Discrimination and Education
Racism and discrimination have been long-lasting impediments to equality of education in the United States. It was only in the mid-20th century that African and Native Americans won legal access to equal education. Much of America's early history of racism still lingers within the educational system. Today, poverty and poor literacy skills often plague African-American and Hispanic students, and Native American groups continue to pressure the government for self-determination and equality in educational attainment. Groups like the NAACP continue to work to see racism and discrimination in education eliminated in the United States, and significant progress has been made over the last decades, although racism continues to be a problem in American schools.
The history of racism and discrimination in the United States is almost as long as that of America itself. The fledgling nation of the United States reserved education largely for its white, male, children, and it was only as the nation entered...
It was only with the landmark 1954 case of Brown vs. Board of Education that African-Americans were granted equality of educational opportunity 60 years ago in the segregated south (NAACP). The education of Native Americans follows a similar tack, with Native American children forced onto non-reservation boarding schools in the 1920s where they were separated from their parents, and distanced from native language and culture. The popularity of the boarding schools fell in the 1930s with the intervention of commissioner of Indian affairs John Collier, but rose again in the 1940s. By the 1960s and 1970s, Native American education in the United States was largely characterized by attempts at self-determination for American Indian schooling (American Indian Education Foundation).
Racism, Discrimination, and Education Today
Today, racism and discrimination continue to persist in the United States' educational system. In the United States today, poverty is closely linked to racism and low literacy. Importantly, Black and Hispanic-Americans are close to three times morel likely to live in poverty than are white Americans. In turn, poverty is closely associated with poor literacy skills. In part due to the continuing presence of racism in America, and the link between race and poverty, Black and Hispanics have higher unemployment rates and lower levels of educational attainment (Corley).
For the Native American population, self-determination and equality in educational attainment continues to be a challenge. There continues to be a…
References
American Indian Education Foundation. History of Indian Education in the U.S. 02 May 2004. http://www.aiefprograms.org/history_facts/history.html
Corley, Mary Ann. Poverty, Racism and Literacy. ERIC Digest, Publication Date: 2003-00-00. ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult Career and Vocational Education Columbus OH. 02 May 2004. http://www.ericdigests.org/2003-5/poverty.htm
Francisco, Richard P. 2001. Racism: the real enemy that will destroy the United States. Black Issues in Higher Education, Oct 11, 2001. 02 May 2004. Available at http://www.findarticles.com/cf_dls/m0DXK/17_18/80087603/p1/article.jhtml
McLean Donaldson, Karen B. 1987. Through Students' Eyes: Combating Racism in United States Schools. Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated.
NAACP. NAACP Call for Action in Education. 02 May 2004. http://www.naacp.org/work/education/educalltoactn2.pdf
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