African-American women can access ownership in the U.S. oil and gas sector.
Sub-questions:
To what extent has the oil and gas sector provided ownership opportunities for African-American women?
What factors or challenges hinder African-American women from accessing ownership in the U.S. oil and gas sector?
What measures can be put in place to increase access to ownership among African-American women in the U.S. oil and gas sector?
Interviewing
Answers to the above questions can be obtained through interviewing. Indeed, interviewing is one of the most common methods of collecting qualitative data. In spite of involving a great deal of time, effort, resources, and planning, interviews enable a closer interaction between the researcher and the subject(s), thereby facilitating a deeper inquiry of the subject matter (Bryman, 2008).
There are three major types of interviews from which the researcher may choose: structured interview, unstructured interview, and semi-structured interview (Robson, 2016). A structured interview is an interview characterized by planned or standardized questions. The interviewer presents the interviewee with questions in a systematic manner without room for modification of the prearranged questions or presentation of unplanned questions. An unstructured interview, on the other hand, has no prearranged questions. Instead, the researcher allows the conversation to develop within the area of interest. An unstructured interview is informal in nature. Semi-structured interviews combine the characteristics of both structured and unstructured interviews. In this case, the interviewer often has an organized checklist of questions and default wording that dictate the direction of the interview in terms of the topics or issues to be covered, but the order and wording are usually adjusted in the course of the interview. Simply, the interviewee's responses may elicit further questions, prompting the interviewer to ask unplanned questions in an attempt to gain more information.
Of the three types of interviews, a semi-structured interview offers a more appropriate method for collecting data to answer the above research question. This is because a semi-structured interview offers the advantages of both a structured and an unstructured interview (Creswell, 2014). First, unlike in an unstructured interview, it is important to have prearranged questions to ensure a smoother flow of the interview. Without planned questions, the interviewer may lose control of the interview or go out of topic, eventually leading to irrelevant responses (Bryman, 2008). In this case, the area of interest is access to ownership by African-American women in the U.S. oil and gas sector. Initiating a conversation of this kind without preplanned questions may not generate the desired responses.
Furthermore, a semi-structured interview offers the flexibility of an unstructured interview (Thomas, 2009). Though the interviewer has prearranged questions, there is often room for asking unplanned questions. This enables...
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