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Formal and Informal Groups
In workplaces two types of groups are commonly created—formal and informal groups. Formal groups are constructed deliberately by the company with the purpose being for the group members to work together to achieve a specific task. Informal groups are formed by the people themselves with the purpose being simply to “satisfy their social needs on the job” (Surbhi, 2015). The main differences of these two groups and why managers should pay attention to informal groups will be discussed in this paper.
Formal groups are those created by the organization, typically with a hierarchical structure—i.e., a group leader, who reports to a higher manager and who has followers fulfilling roles within the group. The formal group is presented with a defined mission and is tasked with accomplishing a clear goal or objective. The size of the formal group is often large and can include several members from a department or can be interdepartmental in nature. The structure of the formal group is well-defined and the life of the group will typically be for the duration of the designated task that is to be carried out. Importance of place is given to positions within the group; individual...
The relationship of the members to one another in the formal group is professional and tends to be formalistic and respectful. Communication between group members routinely moves in a clearly defined direction, such as at regularly scheduled meetings of group members or by way of the hierarchical structure of the group.
Informal groups differ in nearly every way from formal groups. Instead of being created by the organization, they are created by the workers themselves for their own sake. They are loosely if at all defined, and there is no structure to the group—at least not in the same sense as structure of a formal group where evident position hierarchy exists for the purpose of delegating tasks, though social hierarchy can be evident within an informal group setting, based on personal popularity and appeal. Formation of the informal group is voluntarily rather than mandatory and deliberate. The size is often small and intimate, or at least smaller than that of the formal group, though informal groups can grow in size depending upon how popular they become. The life of…
Unlike the previous theories, social process theories explain criminal behavior on more microsociological terms. The emphasis of social process theories are not on the institutions, but on the relationships formed between individual family members, peer groups, teachers, church leaders and other agents of socialization. The key concept of all social process theories is based on learning. Sociologists have believed that individuals learn social values and norms from agents of socialization.
The internal processes become more efficient because barriers in personal communication are broken down once the group is working towards the common purpose. Increasing cohesiveness in the group requires leadership that orients the objectives of group members more strongly towards the common purpose. This can be done a number of ways, including through individual and group task structure, the fostering of a common culture, the establishment of smooth communication
Organizational Psychology - Motivation Landy and Conte (2013) define industrial-organizational psychology as "the application of psychological principles, theory, and research to the work setting" (p. 7). A prominent line of research in industrial-organizational psychology is the study of worker motivation. Over many decades, as management theory has developed, several philosophical and psychological strands have emerged, and are often referred to as: 1) Person as machine; 2) person as scientist, and 3)
group MGN412 ( 300 words section) critically analyse incident models theories levels organisational behaviour ( individual, group organisation) show understandings gained group experience draw conclusions recommendations manage future recommend manage work occurrence future. Group Incident Analysis The following pages focus on analyzing an incident in a company. This incident is represented by a conflict between the sales manager and the account managers in the company. The conflict is analyzed on individual
Individualism vs. Collectivism One of the distinguishing factors in describing a culture, society, community, or groups is whether its members and the individuals in that organization adopt an individualistic or collectivist with regards to their roles and functions and their relationship with the other members of an organization. These two concepts, that is, individualistic and collectivist groups are important to discuss because they help other people understand an individual or a
Restructuring of First Bank Family enterprise, First Bank, has, for three decades, been the town's only bank. Mr. First, the founder, originally instituted it as a little loaning shop; the small business grew larger, turning into the town's sole financial services organization. It provided small loans and over-the-counter cash facilities to clients. The town's growth, however, has led to a tremendous increase in the bank's client base, challenging the current operational