Journal of Asian and African Studies January 15, 2013 0021909612467277.
This article helps with theory development, showing how critical Marxist theory and post-colonial discourse can be used to frame and influence policy related to Boko Haram. The authors use Frantz Fanon's theories as a springboard for analysis, showing how Boko Haram can be viewed as an extension of colonial and post-colonial uprisings of "the socially marginalized, the abused, the dregs of humanity, The Other!" (p. 1). Dehumanization leads to violent attempts to reclaim power, identity, and a sense of humanity. Fanon's theory links in with conflict theory in general.
Mantzikos, I. (2013). Boko Haram: Anatomy of a Crisis. Bristol, UK: E-IR.
One of the few books to be included in this research, Mantzikos (2013) has compiled a range of pertinent essays from authors addressing Boko Haram from different perspectives and theoretical viewpoints. Essays cover issues as wide-ranging as identity construction and psychological issues, to how Boko Haram specifically carries out specialized targets like communications infrastructure and how the Nigerian government as responded. This book will therefore become instrumental for this research.
Mohammed, K. (2014). The message and methods of Boko Haram. In Marc-Antoine Perouse de Montclos (Ed.) Boko Haram: Islamism, politics, security and the state in Nigeria. African Studies Centre. Retrieved: http://ifra-nigeria.org/IMG/pdf/boko-haram-islamism-politics-security-nigeria.pdf#page=19
This article shows how Boko Haram has been influenced by external, mainly Salafi, Jihadist Islamic militant groups, not just in terms of doctrine but also tactics including "targeted assassinations, suicide bombings, and hostage taking," (Mohammad, 2014, p. 19). The author also shows how Boko Haram has been also working in Mali, and has become linked with regional terrorist networks as well as global ones.
Ojochenemi, J.D., Asuelime, L.E. & Onapajo, H. (2015). Responses and Recommendations to End Boko Haram Terrorism. In Boko Haram: The Socio-Economic Drivers. Springer Briefs in Political Science, 103-114.
This article offers a refreshing focus on solutions to Boko Haram focused on pragmatic as well as theoretical issues. The topics addressed include the oil-based economy as potentially contributing to the problem, as well as "endemic corruption, poverty, frustration, despair, and social exclusion and marginalization," (p. 103). Solutions need to focus on root causes, and include good governance policies, leadership, and institutions like welfare and job creation.
Onuoha, F.C. (2014). Why do youth join Boko Haram? United States Institute of Peace Special Report 348, June 2014, Retrieved: http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/SR348-Why_do_Youth_Join_Boko_Haram.pdf
The key question for the author is why young people are drawn to the group in the first place, and methodology includes the use of surveys, interviews, and focus groups conducted in Nigeria in 2013. The results suggest that "poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, and weak family structures make or contribute to making young men vulnerable to radicalization," (Onuoha, 2014,…
Agbiboa, D.E. (2013a). Peace at Daggers Drawn? Boko Haram and the State of Emergency in Nigeria. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 37(1): 41-67. Boko Haram technically started in 2002 but has been especially active since 2009. Since then, the organization has worked hard to discredit the Nigerian government and replace it with an Islamic state based on Sharia law. Boko Haram is inspired by international radical Islam, and has taken
Ending Terrorism in Africa: Diverging Approaches for Fighting Boko Haram Insurgency Boko Haram insurgency has been a plague to peace and prosperity in Nigeria. In recent years, the organization has become increasingly more violent and connected with transnational terrorist organizations. Boko Haram threatens to destabilize Nigeria, as the group has carried out attacks on Nigerian infrastructure in addition to high-profile events like the abduction of school children in 2014 (Blanchard, 2014).
Conceptualizing Boko Haram is challenging, requiring a multifaceted theoretical framework. Boko Haram did not emerge out of a vacuum. It is hypothesized that Boko Haram has been influenced by other radical groups as well as trans-national religious extremism. Moreover, it is hypothesized that Boko Haram functions as a political opposition group. The theoretical framework used to characterize the political function and focus of Boko Haram is based on social alienation
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