Ethics and Morality in Ethics Egoism Demands

Ethics and Morality

In ethics egoism demands the individual to either be the encouraging moral force or should be the end of moral action. Egoism is of two; positive and normative ethic. The positive ethic is about real human psychology, where people are motivated by their own interests and desires. The normative ethic says that people should be so motivated.

The positivist egoist theory called the psychological egoism, provides an explanation of human affairs, in relation to human nature, which is considered to be self-centered and self-motivated. This theory suggests that people always see their own interests, although many people disguise their self-interest with acts of helping others or doing their duty.

A problem with egoism is that reason it can force one's own interests to pressurize one's actions. This can cause conflicting issues in a society to be created, leading to impartiality

Ethical egoism theory promotes a person's good side with morality. In advocates that it is always morally correct to promote one's own good but it isn't moral to promote it. The drawback of this situation could be that there may be some conditions in which avoiding personal interest may be considered a moral action

An example of ethical egoism that signifies that might is right is as follows: In the case of the rich uncle and the greedy nephew, the case is not about the nephew being ethical by killing his uncle. The problem arises from conflating ethics with personal gain and disapproving personal gain from an ethical point-of-view that openly condemns murder. The counter-argument for the personal gain does not mean doing harm to others, but by doing harm to others implies accepting the principle of doing harm to others as being ethical. This principle shows that if the nephew were to cause harm to his interests, his uncles or others, would probably harm him in revenge. So the conclusion is that either accepts the principle that might is right or accepts the fact that by cooperating with others is a better approach to attaining self-interests.

Utilitarianism is a modern form of the Hedonistic ethical theory, which promotes that the end of human conduct is happiness, and that the outcome of discriminating between right and wrong is pleasure and pain. Utilitarianism does not associate morality with religion but links determinism with its other tenets, making this ethical theory relatively more positive.

Virtue theory places its foundation of morality entirely on the development of good character traits, or virtues. Therefore, a person is good, if he has virtues and has no vices. Virtues include courage, temperance, justice, prudence, fortitude, liberality, and truthfulness. Some virtue theorists believe there are as many as100 virtuous character traits, which make someone a good person. Virtue theory emphasizes on moral education for developing virtuous character traits in youngsters as well as in adults.