Health Economics In 2012, there were nearly 800 million doses of opioids prescribed in Ohio alone -- a figure which equates to roughly 70 pills for every individual in the state. The prescriptions were for 20% of the state's populace (Semuels, 2017). What's more is that these prescriptions are not helping people; on the contrary, as Katz (2017) reports, "drug overdoses are now the leading cause of death among Americans under 50." It is so bad that the country is now essentially addicted to pills and it is literally killing us.

The causes of the opioid crisis are directly related to the Sackler brothers who pioneered the art of Big Pharma's role in advertising and making relationships with physicians in prescribing drugs to patients (Mariani, 2015). The Sacklers pushed OxyContin onto the market and turned the country into a drug-dependent nation. This was purely a profit before people type of play. The Sackler Brothers were interested in one thing: getting their drug to market, despite warning signs that it might not be safe. Once that was achieved, they controlled the market and got Americans hooked.

This crisis could be contained or managed by eviscerating Big Pharma. The industry's relationship with. gov is corrupt and the oversight that should be regulating the industry simply is non-existent. Government and Big Pharma work hand in hand to enrich the few at the expense of the many. And so of course Big Pharma cannot really be eviscerated until our own government is eviscerated. It is a pay-to-play scheme all the way around and nothing will change until Washington changes. People need psychological help and instead of getting the help they need from doctors, the doctors are over-prescribing and making the situation worse.

This is not an economic problem but rather a social problem. Economics is but an effect of social interaction. Because our society, socially speaking, has been crippled -- families eviscerated, communities gutted by offshoring, and values and morals corrupted by agendas that are neither organic to America nor healthy for society have come to dominate the mainstream. In such an atmosphere it is impossible for anyone to receive the kind of help they need. They are too used to living under an authoritarian regime and too willing to trust their doctors when clearly doctors cannot be trusted...

The economic ramifications of such a situation are that people get worse and worse while the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. Poor mental, social and spiritual health is a prelude to a poor country, economically speaking.
Part 2

1

The medical errors that doctors in hospitals tend to make look like this, as Binder (2013) points out: "The sponge left inside the surgical patient, prompting weeks of mysterious, agonizing abdominal pain before the infection overcomes bodily functions. The medication injected into a baby's IV at a dose calculated for a 200 pound man. The excruciating infection from contaminated equipment used at the bedside." Other accidents include giving patients the wrong drugs (Silverman, 2014). These are just some examples of the medical errors that doctors make -- and they cost lives. In economic terms, these kind of errors cost even more because of lawsuits that follow, because of the way that families are impacted, lives are disrupted, jobs are lost, income is lost, stability is lost. Thus, the economic consequences of these mistakes are as large as they are tragic.

Some reasons that hospitals fail to provide simple and life-saving procedures is that they are understaffed and overworked. Nurses and doctors suffer from burnout which is caused by a number of factors, but essentially it amounts to nurses and doctors making mistakes while providing care -- mistakes that could have been avoided had the health care providers not been working such long hours or been on the job for so many days in a row without a break or been covering for another worker who failed to show for a shift.

Some ways that healthcare could be made safer would be to do what the emergency department at Children's Hospital in Dallas is doing: putting pharmacists in the ER to ensure that the right drugs are being given to the right people. This is one way to cut down on medication errors. But other errors such as those committed by nurses and physicians who are suffering from burnout or exhaustion can be corrected by making sure that nurses and doctors are not working more than 8-hour shifts and are not being overworked when they are on shift.

2

According to Goldhill (2009), the proposed health care reform falls short because it is based…