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Anatomy of Fascism
Chapter 2 Analysis
Paxton identifies the starting place and date of “fascism” (Italy, 1919) but goes on to note that the idea of fascism was occurring elsewhere in Europe at the same time—quite distinctly from anything related to Mussolini. The Hungarian kingdom had essentially been dissolved by the Treaty of Trianon following the end of WWI, and Bela Kun had instituted a socialist government in Budapest. Hungarian elites struck back and formed the Anti-Bolshevik Committee, which was essentially anti-Jewish, as Kun’s commissars had mainly been Jewish. Thus a type of Hungarian fascism was born. A similar story was told in Germany, where Hitler led a similar response to Jewish power during the Weimar years. Essentially, fascism was a nationalistic-militaristic response to liberalism and socialism. Likewise, the miserable outcome for countries defeated by the Allies in WWI was a prelude to the organic rise of fascism—a power viewed by the people as sufficient to stop the spread of Bolshevism.
Paxton’s purpose in writing this chapter is to provide context for the notion of fascism. It is not sufficient, he indicate, to say that Mussolini coined the term and that is all one needs to know about it. There were very...
Fascism was viewed, Paxton indicates, as the last hurrah of the Old World patriarchs—the elites who did not want to see their countries taken over by Soviet-style separatists (i.e., Jews). Paxton’s argument is that fascism had very clear and distinct social, cultural and emotional roots, with everything from the music of Wagner to the philosophical works of Schonerer and Chamberlain and Georges Sorel. Fascism had an intellectual basis that was opposed to the liberalism represented by the Leftist (largely Jewish) sect, according to this chapter’s notes. The goal of Fascism was to mobilize the masses towards nationalistic rejuvenation in the face of Leftism.
Chapter 3 Analysis
Paxton points out that every nation had some system akin to fascism between the wars and that these systems were quite effective in mobilizing the masses towards nationalism. Fascism was described by its adherents as a movement rather than as a party. Indeed, wherever it appeared it had the feel of a movement—a force—the will of the people rising up. The Blackshirts in Italy, the NSDAP in Germany, the extreme Right…
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The history of communism and fascism The two movements have been known to share a lot in terms of their history and even ideologies. Both are clearly seen to have been established after the First World War in order to create a new world political order that would not plunge blocks or continents into such a gruesome war as was WWI. Both ideologies loathed the domination of the bourgeoisie and wanted
German Fascism Fascism is arguably the most influential and controversial political ideology in modern history, and continues to be a fascinating topic for political study and discussion. Yet, despite fascism's worldwide existence and its responsibility for the development of numerous groups and political movements, Germany remains only one of two countries (the other being Italy) in which the ideology of fascism has enjoyed the success of political power. Although there
Nazism was fascist in nature, but rather than the State being the focus, it was race (Aryan), combined with fervent nationalism. Not all fascists are Nazi's, but it would be all but required to support fascist ideology in order to be a true Nazi. Fascists are not necessarily racist, which is contrary to the anti-Semitic doctrines which are at the core of Nazi ideology. Part 2 -- Was World War