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What is Business?

Whether you are a business major or seeking your MBA, earning a business degree actually involves learning a wide variety of theories, skills, and approaches and then being able to apply them to different scenarios. In fact, the case study is a powerful tool in business education, with students first studying real-life cases to see how business leaders reacted to situations and then with students analyzing how they would react in the same scenario. In fact, some of these case studies have become integral to studying business, so that the top schools for business publish and sell their own case studies.

The study of business usually begins with an examination of the structure of the business environment. This involves an examination of the various types of business structures: sole proprietorships, corporations, limited liability companies, partnerships, cooperatives, and S corporations. It also discusses the various stakeholders in a business and how their interests impact business goals and ways of doing business. The study of business also examines how the external environment impacts an organization’s growth, including factors like the globalization of business.

Another critical area of study for is human resources. While the study of human resources touches on some of the laws that govern employers and employees, it also goes beyond the law. Human resources also focuses on business communication and ensuring that employees and managers are properly trained to communicate effectively. Human resources generally oversees organizational training, therefore motivation, leadership, management, corporate culture, and crises management all fall under the human resources’ umbrella.

Of course, no study of business is complete without an understanding of accounting and finance. Understanding money helps a business major understand how to get funding for a venture, how to approach working capital, how to develop a budget, and how to handle incoming and outgoing accounts. The study of finance may also touch on more complicated concepts such as ratio analysis and even delve into assessment of the stock market. However, a more in-depth study of finance and accounting is usually done in tailored accounting or finance courses.

Marketing is also an important topic in business. Outside of the business realm, marketing is often confused with advertising. However, marketing involves much more than advertising a product. Marketing is concerned with the 4Ps: selecting a Product; determining the Price; selecting a distribution channel or Place; and developing a Promotion strategy. One element of marketing is understanding supply and demand, which is often taught to students through the use of Forio’s Root Beer Game. Furthermore, with globalization, global marketing strategies and the use of e-commerce have become critical elements in marketing.

Finally, the study of business looks at operations management. While operations management may seem like a catch-all phrase, its overarching goal is to ensure streamlined business processes that optimize efficiency. Operations management examines: costs and revenues; profits; break even analysis; production planning; distribution channels; project management; and quality assurance. In fact, much of the continuing education and training that business people receive is focused on operations management; a Six Sigma black belt can be described as an expert in operations management.  [ Show Less ]

 

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Taking on challenges in IT management within global business contexts
What are the pros and cons of the current Alcan IT management system?
Essay Doctorate
Strategic Direction of Apple in the Enterprise
Apple (NASDAQ: AAPL) has emerged as one of the most profitable and prolific companies in the world, generating a market capitalization rate of $623B as of this writing in late August, 2012, delivering $148B in Revenues in their latest fiscal year and $40B in Net Income (Apple Investor Relations, 2012). One of Apple's greatest strengths is its ability to quickly translate innovative product concepts and designs into state-of-the-art products that deliver exceptional customer experiences. Apple has honed this through decades of disciplined execution and a continual focus on creating a highly synchronized supply chain, highly collaborative product design and development workflows, and the ability to take concepts to completed products in a fraction of the time of their competitors (Murray, Goode, Muro, 2010). Apple is credited with creating the smartphone market, tablet PC, cloud-based music buying and delivery service (iTunes), centralized document and image storage (iCloud) and more innovations in operating systems in the last five years than Microsoft (Apple Investor Relations, 2012). All of these accomplishments taken together have led to Apple creating a catalyst of growth in the tablet PC market, fueling a 100%+ increase in iPad sales (13% year over year) and iPhone sales that have increased 152% over the last eighteen months as well (Apple Investor Relations, 2012). Apple continues to accelerate the sales of their iPad, iPhone, iTouch devices in addition to its mainstream laptops and systems. Apple is able to accomplish these significant results by concentrating on the execution of its value chain, a decades-only concept that Dr. Michael Porter originally created to illustrate how the functional departments of a company all must be synchronized to deliver profitability (Porter, 2008). Apple's value chain is exceptionally effective in managing the coordinating of supply chain, sourcing, quality management, production, product design, marketing services, logistics and retailing operations. As long as two decades ago Apple had been concentrating on how to create this level of synchronization across their entire enterprise (Larson, 1994). As the business model of Apple has continually become more complex, the ability of the organization to stay agile and quick to respond has increasingly become more difficult. This is a common problem companies have as they grow in size and complexity of their business models. For Apple, the environmental factors in the areas of economic, social, technological and political change have challenged their ability to grow, and also forced them to create a more market-driven organizational structure, abandoning the highly successful product divisions of the 1990s and early 2000 timeframe (Apple Investor Relations, 2012). The intent of this analysis is to evaluate how Apple is managing to continually grow despite economic, social, technological and political environmental forces impacting their business. In addition, an analysis of their market environment, response to the turbulent economic environment they operate in, the nature of their product strategies, an assessment of their strategic direction and strategic options are all included in this analysis. A separate section is included for each of these areas throughout the analysis. The Porter Fives Forces Model is used for analyzing these market dynamics (Porter, 2008).
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Case report analysis using WHW WDS framework
The automotive industry is characterized with low margins and high fixed asset ratios. Plants, property, equipment and inventory are relatively fixed in the long run which creates problems in regards to profits margins. Nissan, as the case indicates, had the unique problem of culture which also plagued the growth of the company. Worker, in particular, those in Japan, worked with the expectation of having a position until retirement. This is in stark contrast to many of Nissan's American rivals who will cut employment during periods of economic pessimism.
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Strategic alliances and growth: firm acquisition, benefits, drawbacks, and eBay's China strategy
In this modern era when the corporate world is full of competition and every organization is running for its own benefits and generating revenues, alliances and acquisitions are of immense importance. Different firm shave different criteria's of entering into alliances or acquisitions and it primarily depends upon the present situation of the business as well as on the nature of the business.
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Demonstrative communication: nonverbal and unwritten forms of expression
Demonstrative communication is a style of communicating that does not involve words. Instead, it is the other part of communication - that includes gestures, facial expressions, inflection, and other issues that are part of the way people interact with one another. The demonstrative part of communication is particularly obvious cross-culturally, but can also cause problems for people in their own culture.
Paper Doctorate
Erikson Leading in Times of Change Erikson:
The leadership style of Carl-Henric Svanberg can be explained in terms of the context of the leadership situation. Svanberg's appointment as CEO of Erikson was an unprecedented move in the history of the company because he was the first CEO to be brought in from outside the industry. This created some discomfort to people within the organization. But most external to the company also felt optimistic about his taking control of the affairs of the company. The company itself was passing through a historic crisis in the form of declining profitability and a shrinking market. Network operators had ceased expanding their infrastructure which was a big blow to the growth Erikson had been experiencing for almost a decade.
Paper Doctorate
Sabmiller Case Study Sabmiller Breweries Company Case
The following is a case study of one of the most prominent breweries companies in Africa. The SABMiller breweries Company has grown since it begun over the years adopting different business strategies for its survival in the market. The twentieth century, SABMiller's operation faced difficulties due to the apartheid regime. Currently, SAB has developed due to careful choice of markets; they choose only potential markets in growing economies. They have also grown due to the high quality of their beer, which beats local bears.
Paper Doctorate
Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation strategies in small organizations during economic recession
In this paper we will answer some basic questions relating to the topic of Human Resources, the main issue here is the customization of rewards related to work achievements in small organizations. We will also assess the relation our main question has with previous major topic regarding the intrinsic and extrinsic shift of business needs in times of recession. Some focus will also be given on the proposed methods which can be used to give assists in the customization of rewards as well as some reflection on other related issues. Finally the paper will conclude all the necessary details.
Paper Doctorate
Verizon SWOT Analysis Verizon Communications
Verizon Communications (NYSE: VZ) is one of the world's leading providers of wireless and wireline-based communication services including broadband, data, network access and global internet protocol (IP) Services. In their latest full fiscal year the company reported revenues of $110, 875 million with an operating profit of $12,880 million during FY2011 (Verizon Investor Relations, 2012). At present the company has 192,000 employees and operates in 150 nations both in a franchised and direct selling model (Verizon Investor Relations, 2012). The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of Verizon are the basis of this analysis. Strengths Verizon continues to have a commanding market presence globally with one of the most profitable brands in the telecommunications industry (Brown, 2010). The strength of their brand has given the company the ability to manage customer churn more effectively than competitors, reducing the relative churn rate of customers by 56% over the last three years while competitors have seen churn rates increase by over 67% (Verizon Investor Relations, 2012). The combination of the Verizon brand stability and customer loyalty has given the company a unique level of stability in a very turbulent global telecommunications market (Zoakos, 2002). Another significant strength of Verizon is their ability to orchestrate and complete alliances, mergers and questions quickly. They have also been one of the few telecommunications companies to pioneer the development of effective shared-risk mergers that drastically reduce the downside risk of being an industry consolidator, a role they continue to take on globally (Peaks, Arbogast, O'Keefe, 2009). The well orchestrated acquisition of Alltel by AT&T that Verizon played a central role in is a case in point (Seidenberg, 2002). Verizon also is moving aggressively into new markets including cloud computing using their core strengths in mergers and acquisitions. An example of this strength is the company's recent $1.4B acquisition of Terremark (Ya, 2011). Verizon continues to aggressively and successfully pursue an inorganic growth strategy by concentrating on mergers and acquisitions to bring greater cloud-based innovations to their customers (Gorski, 2005). Verizon continues to also seek out opportunities to define advanced e-commerce encryption standards globally, looking to become the global e-commerce platform at the infrastructure level for enterprises (Everett, 2012).
Research Paper Doctorate
Medical marijuana: crime versus civil liberties
Are the Federal Laws against Medical Marijuana Constitutional?