Obama Administration Essays (Examples)

Kant was no exception to the paradigmatic priorities (i.e. objectivity as knowledge) of the era, and brief reference to the episteme is serves accuracy in discursive analysis of this heritage within American politics and policy thought. For instance, Kant's Critique of Judgment is enormously influential in establishing a connection between judgment and political and moral precepts to conduct in communities. Intellectual lineage to Kant's model of Enlightenment 'reason" combines ritish Empiricism with Continental Rationalism; and partly explains why his philosophical proposition that the existence of persistent war against non-liberal states is a requirement to perpetual peace is reiterated in scholarly expiation since the Enlightenment period, making Perpetual Theory of War as lasting as seminal reference (ehnke, 2009, Caranti, 2006 and Murray, 2003). Discourse Analysis toward the study's cause-and-effect analysis is derived from speeches and interviews taken from the ush administration in Table 1.

Table 1

President ush -- Speeches and…

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Behnke, a. (2009). Eternal Peace, Perpetual War? A Critical Investigation into Kant's Conceptualisation of War. Conference Papers -- International Studies Association, 1-18.

Bolton, J. (2010). Obama's Next Three Years. Commentary, 129(1), 24-28.

Brose, C. (2009). The Making of George W. Obama. Foreign Policy, (170), 52-55.

Caranti, L. (2006). Perpetual War for Perpetual Peace? Reflections on the Realist Critique of Kant's Project. Journal of Human Rights, 5(3), 341-353. doi:10.1080/14754830600812357.

Environmental Sciences

Obama Turns to Web to Illustrate the Effects of a Changing Climate

This article discusses how the use of technology and the internet can aid in the overall global warming education process. The article explains how President Obama is using a mobile app to depict the effects of global warming in local communities. Through technology, Obama hopes to create awareness of the overall global warming issue, and its impact on communities. The article states that out that individuals given a list of 20 issues, rank global warming as 19th. Through the use of the app, the Obama administration hopes to create an overall sense of urgency within the general public.

A particularly interesting aspect of the article was the amount of detailed coordination needed to produce the app. The mobile app is unique in that it attempts to depict the impact global warming has on communities' overtime. As…

The bottom line for many - in terms of moral obligation - is the fact that Americans rely on their government to: a) protect them from attacks from terrorists (which the government did not to prior to the attacks on 9/11); b) spend their tax money responsibly without corruption (which neither the Congress or the hite House has done in recent years); c) only wage war when the nation is under direct threat of hostility (which it didn't vis-a-vis the Iraq ar); d) be honest with citizens (which the government has not been - to wit, the executive branch has on numerous occasions over the past few years censored empirical science in the name of political ideology); and e) protect the Constitution (which the executive branch has not done in all cases, i.e., recent memos released by the Justice Department show the executive branch believed it could assume broad and…

Works Cited

Merle, Renae. (2009). One in Five Homeowners 'Underwater'. The Washington Post.

Retrieved March 2, 2009, at  http://www.washingtonpost.com .

Press Room U.S. Department of the Treasury. (2009). Relief for Responsible

Homeowners One Step Closer Under New Treasury Guidelines. Retrieved March 3, 2009 at  http://www.treasury.gov/press/releases/tg48.htm .

The administration's disregard for international norms led to the excesses at Abu Ghraib Prison in Iraq, and attempts to circumvent congressional oversight over the activities of the Administration backfired. Faced with increasing criticism at home and the inability to stabilize Iraq, the Bush Administration began to temper its approach with realism. The Administration agreed to a bipartisan Iraq Study Group, led by former Secretary of State James Baker and Democratic Congressman Lee Hamilton (Baker & Hamilton, 2006). The report prepared by the group was quite critical of the Bush Administration's policies in Iraq, and though many of those criticisms were rejected, the Administrated still took the criticism seriously, and a year later began to pursue a new approach, which eventually helped to decrease the level of violence in Iraq.

The Obama Administration's approach to Iraq War reflects the liberal views of Obama who warned in 2002 that "a U.S. occupation…

References

Ahmad, I. (2010). The U.S. Af-Pak Strategy: Challenges and Opportunities for Pakistan. Asian Affairs: An American Review, 37(4), 191-209.

Bacevich, a. (2010) Washington Rules: America's Path to Permanent War. New York: Metropolitan Books.

Bacevich, a., (November 6, 2005) the Realist Persuasion. The Boston Globe, retrieved on March 13, 2011, from  http://rempost.blogspot.com/2006/04/realist-persuasion.html 

Baker, J.A., & Hamilton, L.H. (2006) the Iraq Study Group Report: The Way Forward -- a New Approach. New York: Vintage Books.

S. National Interests in the area of the bailout of the global economy and yet, in terms of his strategic objectives for the U.S. In Afghanistan it does appear that the President has followed the requirements of strategy as set out in the work of Yarger and Barber in the "U.S. Army War College Strategy Model" although the President does seem to have failed in terms of global economy bailout strategy.

Endnotes

Abbreviation: USG (U.S. Government)

H. Richard Yarger and George F. Barber, The U.S. Army War College Methodology for Determining Interests and Levels of Intensity, U.S. Army War College, Carlisle Barracks, Carlisle, PA, 1997. Adapted from Department of National Security and Strategy, Directive Course 2: "War, National Policy & Strategy" (Carlisle, PA: U.S. Army War College, 1997) 118-125.

Ibid

H. Richard Yarger and George F. Barber, The U.S. Army War College Methodology for Determining Interests and Levels of Intensity,…

[…] With the U.S. now mired in a Mesopotamian morass because of what is described as a 'unilateralist' foreign policy, the UN's multilateralist approach is gaining unearned prestige and unwarranted credibility" (Grigg, 2006). While the UN might not have masterminded the war, they certainly participated in the events that led up to the invasion, so they did play an important role in arguments for the invasion, and now they are benefiting, which does not seem right, somehow.

Many members of NATO, including France, Germany, and Belgium opposed the war, and they protested sending any NATO troops into Iraq for any cause. Another writer notes, in July during a trip to Washington, obertson told U.S. lawmakers that NATO would not go beyond providing logistical support for the Polish-led force in Iraq" (Dettmer, 2003). The Polish forces were peacekeepers sent in to assist British and American forces. While NATO seems to have…

References

Dettmer, J. (2003). NATO suffering from identity crisis. Retrieved 7 May 2010 from the FindArticles.com Web site:  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1571/is_2003_Sept_16/ai_107543546/ .

Editors. (2004). The invasion of Iraq. Retrieved 7 May 2010 from the Frontline Web site:

 http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/invasion/etc./synopsis.html .

Grigg, W.N. (2006, January 9). Bring 'em home! The New American, 22, 12+.

Introduction

With the one-year anniversary of President Trump’s swearing-in as President of the United States, comparisons between his first year and office and his predecessor’s first year in office are bound to be made. Therefore, it is a useful exercise to re-examine the first year in office of Barack Obama following his swearing-in as President of the United States in 2009. This paper will examine Obama’s inaugural year in order to answer the question: Did Obama have a successful first year in office? As the evidence shows, Obama’s first year in the White House was indeed very successful.

Methodology

The methodology used for this study consisted primarily of Internet searches, using Google and Google Scholar. The primary key words used to drive the searches were: “Obama’s first year in office,” “Obama 2009,” “Obama first year success,” “Obama 2009 accomplishments,” and “Obama first year successful or not.” These searches led to…

U.S. Government

In terms of domestic and foreign policy, Obama entered the office with intention of altering the existing policies to rectify the excesses brought about by the Bush administration. Overseas, Obama looked forward to rebuild America's image with the Muslim world and divert resources used in destroying Al Qaeda network to other economic adventures abroad. Domestically, his plan was to rein in the Bush-era of reduced carbon emissions, fiscal irresponsibility, as well as divert the resources found in the enormous health care sector away from all kind of waste and towards covering basics for those who lack any medical insurance.

Obama seems to have emphasized foreign policy over domestic policy. However, he has always tried to balance his efforts and resources towards both foreign policy and domestic policy and many have acknowledged his move. When Obama took the office, his biggest challenge was based on his conduct of foreign…

References

Jentleson, Bruce W. American Foreign Policy: The Dynamics of Choice in the 21st Century (4th W.W. Norton, 2010)

McCormick, James M. et al. The Domestic Sources of American Foreign Policy: Insights and Evidence (2012) ed W.W. Norton, 2010)

barrackobama.com) are the links to "Home," "Learn," "Issues," "Get Involved," "Blog," "Newsroom" and "Donate." Across the top of Clinton's eb site (www.hillaryclinton.com) she offers links to "Home," "Hillary," "Take Action," "Newsroom," "Blog," "Video" and "Contribute."

In terms of substance put forward on health care and other national issues, Obama wins hands down on his eb pages. In Obama's "Issues" pull-down, he offers 11 links to issues that he has taken a stand on. One of them is "Healthcare System That orks." In that link Obama addresses AIDS, "Medical Information Technology," hospital "report cards," "Genetic Medicine," and "Protecting Children from Lead Poisoning." There is nothing specific about universal health care in Obama's site, but again, there are several issues represented.

In Clinton's site, there is no specific place to go to see how the senator feels about specific issues; there are several press releases offered, including one that announces a "Better…

Works Cited

Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. "The Number of Uninsured Americans Continued to Rise in 2004." Retrieved 27 Feb. 2007 at  http://www.cbpp.org/8-30-05health.htm .

Clinton, Hillary. "Hillary for President." Retrieved 27 Feb. 2007 at  http://www.hillaryclinton.com .

Krugman, Paul. "Substance Over Image." The New York Times. 26 Feb. 2007 a.21.

Obama, Barrack. "Obama '08." Retrieved 27 Feb. 2007 at  http://www.barrackobama.com .

U.S. And ussian atomic armories still surpass what is vital to deter atomic attacks. Currently, the United States deploys 1800 strategic warheads while ussia sends 1550 strategic warheads. Both countries have many warheads in reserve. No other atomic equipped nation deploys more than three hundred strategic warheads. China has close to forty to fifty warheads on intercontinental-range rockets (Art, 2012). Both nations have focused in their financial and security interests in trying to reduce their nuclear powers. Washington and Moscow may seek reciprocal reductions in their entire strategic nuclear armory to a thousand warheads or even fewer. This will make them still hold all the required capacity to prevent atomic assault by any present or future enemies.

The U.S. has to settle on perceptive choices that abstain from wasting the already rare resources to deploy and modernize numbers of atomic weapons. The United States can trim atomic weapons excess, recover…

Reference

Art, R.J. (2012). "America's Path: Grand Strategy for the Next Generation," edited by Richard Fontaine and Kristin M. Lord. Contributed by Robert J. Art, Richard K. Betts et al., May 2012, Center for a New American Security. Retrieved August 8, 2013 from www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_AmericasPath_FontaineAndLord.pdf

President Clinton's And Obama's Health Care Policies:

Since the 1960's, universal health care has continued to be a major aspect of social reform to an extent that the right to health care for all Americans has been a central issue in political debates. The debate regarding universal health care was particularly fueled by the enactment of the Social Security Act in 1965 that guaranteed care services for the poor and elderly through Medicare and Medicaid. Despite of these attempts to provide health care to the poor and elderly, universal health care has remained a lurking legislative fiasco for more than four decades. During the 1990's, the then presidential candidate, Bill Clinton, propelled this issue to the vanguard of his campaigns as the focus shifted to health care reform. However, his administration failed to enact a health care bill because of a stubborn Democratic Congress. Universal health care was also a…

References:

Klein, J. (2012, December 17). Obamacare vs. Medicare. Time, 180(25).

Levin, Y. & Ponnuru, R. (2012, February 6). Romney vs. Obamacare: What the Presumptive

Nominee Should Say, National Review, 34-35.

Santana, A. (2012). Obama vs. Clinton on Health Care. Slope Media Group.

Policy

Democracy and Public Administration

This report is a theoretical essay on the inevitable conflicts that consistently occur between public agencies that are managed by unelected civil servants and the political environment in which these individuals and organizations operate in. Public agencies in the healthcare environment are prime examples of successful interdepartmental cooperation in most cases, but, there are also examples where they can demonstrate both internal and external in-fighting. "The health sector workforce, which usually comprises a significant element within the total public sector workforce, may be either directly employed by the public sector health system, or work in public-funded agencies or organizations (e.g., social insurance funded). In many countries healthcare will also be delivered by organizations in the private sector and by voluntary organizations." (World Bank Group) As concerns like the nation's aging population, a rapidly depleting Medicare Trust or the many potential pandemics such as SAs, Swine…

References

Antos, Joseph. (2008). "Medicare's Bad News: Is Anyone Listening?" American Institute for Public Policy Research. April, No. 3.

American Public Health Association (2009). Retrieved on November 2, 2009, from American Public Health Association Web Site:  http://www.apha.org  aphanet. (2001). Senators' Introduce Bill to Prepare For Possibility of Biological Warfare. Retrieved on November 2, 2009, from  http://www.aphanet.org 

CDC. (2009). H1N1. Retrieved on November 3, 2009, from Center For Disease Control web site at  http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/sick.htm .

Center for Disease Control. (2009). State and Local Infrastructure. Retrieved on November 3, 2009, from Center for Disease Control Web Site:  http://www.cdc.gov/programs

Prosecuting a former President for illegal activity in his role as President would certainly increase partisan bickering; making it less likely that Obama could effectuate meaningful change in his administration. Doing that might actually cause people greater harm. For example, the economy is having a direct impact on Americans right now, diverting funds into an expensive investigation that might not even result in a realistic possibility of prosecution for Bush or other high-level officials, would be a waste of taxpayer money. Obama must consider all of those issues when making the decision whether or not to investigate Bush. The most reasonable conclusion is for him not to instigate a criminal investigation against Bush, but to correct the illegal behavior, compensate victims, and move forward.

orks Cited

ABCNews. "Sawyer Interviews Ford: Pardoning Nixon was 'Absolutely Essential.'" Good

Morning America. 2006. ABCNews Internet Ventures. http://www.abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=2753606.

The Children of the Camps Project. "Internment…

Works Cited

ABCNews. "Sawyer Interviews Ford: Pardoning Nixon was 'Absolutely Essential.'" Good

Morning America. 2006. ABCNews Internet Ventures.  http://www.abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=2753606 .

The Children of the Camps Project. "Internment History." Children of the Camps. 1999.

Satsuki Ina. 25 Jan. 2009  http://www.pbs.org/childofcamp/history/index.html .

ith the production of Dolly, we also entered a vast technological frontier of possibilities. The cloned sheep "was born after nuclear transfer from a mammary gland cell, the first mammal to develop from a cell derived from adult tissue." Taking a cell containing 98 per cent of the DNA, or its genetic blueprint, from the udder of a six-year-old adult sheep, they fused it to the egg of another sheep to produce a lamb that is virtually an exact copy." (Marsh, 1) Equally as groundbreaking as the creation of the world's first clone was the implication of its process, which indicated that there is a way to employ adult cells, already differentiated and specialized to their own organic functions, in order to fabricate new, un-differentiated genetic material. For researchers battling such diseases as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and paralysis all around the world, such a possibility began to hint at countless opportunities…

Works Cited:

Albu, M. (2004). Bush's gay marriage ban is unjust. The Channels Online. Online at  http://media.www.thechannelsonline.com/media/storage/paper669/news/2004/03/03/Opinion/Editorial.Bushs.Gay.Marriage.Ban.Is.Unjust-625066.shtml 

Bazinet, K.R. (2009). President Obama Reverses Bush's Stem Cell Research Ban; Debate Rages Along Abortion Fault Lines. New York Daily News. Online at  http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2009/03/09/2009-03-09_president_obama_reverses_bushs_stem_cell.html 

Campbell, D.E. (2007). A Matter of Faith: Religion in the 2004 Presidential Election. The Brookings Institute.

Chaddock, G.R. (2006). Veto Clash Looms for Stem Cell Bill.

Auto Bailout

In the years leading up to the auto industry bailout, all of the so-called Big Three automakers were struggling. They had been losing market share for many years as more import companies had entered the American market. Some of these companies, notably Honda and Toyota, were able to deliver better cars at lower prices, putting the Big Three at a significant competitive disadvantage. hile the automakers had some good years, by the last 2000s they were losing money. They did not have competitive products, and were saddled with substantial retirement costs. These companies had tens of thousands of employees at one point and need to pay retirement benefits to those workers; the problem is that there are fewer workers today because of automation to cover those benefits. The automakers headed for bankruptcy, and successive contract restructurings with the unions had failed to reverse the trend. The federal government…

Works Cited:

BLS. (2012). Automotive industry: Employment, earnings and hours. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Cauchon, D. (2012). In Ohio: Voters choose Obama as auto bailout resonates. USA Today. Retrieved November 30, 2012 from  http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2012/11/06/ohio-election-results/1658389/ 

CNN. (2009). Obama defends auto bailout, touts new fuel rules. CNN. Retrieved November 30, 2012 from http://articles.cnn.com/2009-09-15/politics/obama.autos_1_auto-industry-auto-bailout-tighter-auto?_s=PM:POLITICS

Reuters. (2009). Obama to announce auto bailout plan Monday. USA Today. Retrieved November 30, 2012 from  http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/autos/2009-03-27-new-autobailout_N.htm

Public Administration: Presenting for the Future

Immigration Policy eform

The term "immigration reform" is used to collectively refer to all efforts that have been undertaken by a country to amend abuses and reduce faults in its immigration policy. These efforts could be geared at either promoting and encouraging immigration or reducing and even eliminating the same. A perfect example of the former is the UK's promotion of the absorption of foreign-educated health specialists in its National Health Service (Dodds, 2012). The U.S. has, however, almost consistently run an anti-immigration policy. As this text will demonstrate, numerous reform efforts have been undertaken since way back in the 18th century to reduce the number of aliens illegally or legally crossing into the U.S. through the country's border points. Most of these efforts were particularly speeded up after the 9/11 tragedy; however, the successful implementation of these has been hampered by a number…

References

Baker, B. & Rytina, N. (2012). Estimates of the Unauthorized Immigrant Population Residing in the United States: January 2012. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Retrieved 17 March 2015 from http://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/ois_ill_pe_2012_2.pdf

Camayd-Freixas, E. (2013). U.S. Immigration Reform and its Global Impact: Lessons from the Postville Raid. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan

Carens, J.H. (2013). The Ethics of Immigration. New York, NY: Oxford University Press

DHS. (2015). About DHS. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Retrieved 17 March 2015 from http://www.dhs.gov/about-dhs

Administrative Traditions in America

American administrative tradition has been a historic dilemma for a long time. This is caused by the existence of various administrative traditions like the Hamiltonian traditions, the Madisonian, Wilsonian, and the Jeffersonian tradition. The mode of managing has improved dramatically, and the gap between the theory and the actual activities has brought many challenges to the managing sector. According to Kettl, political scientists have been in the process to initiate some approaches. Formal modeling is one of the administrative traditions that Kettl supports. He also suggests a public method of management and a right of citizens to choose institutions of their choice. Additionally, Kettl goes ahead and gives the effective methods America should focus on to have formal obligations. He talks of administration personnel and theorists who need to focus on the link between the government and its surrounding which include political, social and administrative. The…

References

Kettl, D.F. (2015). The Transformation of Governance: Public Administration for the Twenty-First Century. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press

White, L. (1926). Introduction to the Study of Public Administration

This system is stated to be flawed as "The school board members have a vested interest in the success of the existing local school system and are reluctant to introduce a competitor into the marketplace, said charter school supporters." (O'Donoghue, 2010)

Summary and Conclusion

It is very likely that laws will be changed and policy reformed relating to charter schools in the state of Virginia as to do otherwise means to miss the $350 million in funding opportunity for Virginia's school system and it appears highly unlikely that in the present state of the economy that Virginia will be willing to shun this much in educational funding.

ibliography

Charter Schools, When Explained, Get Support (2009) Augusta Press. 16 Dec 2009. Online available at: http://augustafreepress.com/2009/12/16/charter-schools-when-explained-get-support/

Schaeffer, Adam . (2006) No, Virginia, There is No such thing as School Choice. 29 Oct 2006. CATO Institute. Online available at: http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=6756

raunlich, Christian (2009)…

Bibliography

Charter Schools, When Explained, Get Support (2009) Augusta Press. 16 Dec 2009. Online available at: http://augustafreepress.com/2009/12/16/charter-schools-when-explained-get-support/

Schaeffer, Adam B. (2006) No, Virginia, There is No such thing as School Choice. 29 Oct 2006. CATO Institute. Online available at:  http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=6756 

Braunlich, Christian (2009) Virginia Needs More Public Schools. Bacon's Rebellion. 18 Jan 2009. Online available at:  http://baconsrebellion.com/2009/01/18/virginia-needs-more-charter-schools/ 

Grimes, Cathy (2010) Virginia Seeks $350 Million in Federal Race to the Top Education Funds. Daily Press.21 Jan 2010. Online available at  http://www.dailypress.com/news/dp-local_racetothetop_0122jan22,0,5686858.story

CHIP: To Abolish or Not to Abolish

The State Children Health Insurance Plan (SCHIP), commonly referred to as CHIP (Children's Health Insurance Plan), is an insurance plan run by the Department of Health and Human Services, and which administers funds to states to enable them provide quality insurance coverage to eligible children within their jurisdictions. To be eligible for CHIP, a child needs to be from a family whose level of income is too low to qualify for private insurance coverage, but too high to be considered for Medicaid (Holtz-Eakin, 2014). With the introduction of the Obama Care Policy, however, which expanded the list of persons eligible for both Medicaid and CHIP, there came so many overlaps between CHIP and other secondary insurance options that budgetary allocations and funding to the former were threatened. Owing to this, there is a lot of controversy over whether funding to the CHIP ought…

References

CBO. (2014). An Update to the Budget and Economic Outlook 2014 to 2024. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO). Retrieved May 6, 2015 from  http://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/attachments/45653-OutlookUpdate_2014_Aug.pdf 

Ewing, M.T. (Ed.). (2008). State Children's Health Insurance Program. New York, NY: Nova Publishers

GAO. (2012). What GAO Found. The Government Acounting Office (GAO). Retrieved May 7, 2015 from  http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-12-648 

Holtz-Eakin, D. (2014). The Children's Health Insurance Program: Status and Outlook. The United States Senate Committee on Finance: Subcommittee on Health. Retrieved May 6, 2015 from  http://www.finance.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Testimony%20of%20Douglas%20Holtz-Eakin%20-%20Senate%20Finance%202014-09-16.pdf

Clinton, Bush, and Obama administrations and their support from Congress. With Barack Obama the first Democratic president since Bill Clinton, there are bound to be comparisons between the two administrations. They have some commonalities, such as a desire for health care reform, that are difficult to ignore. What the Obama administration manages to accomplish remains to be seen, but comparisons to their first year in office can now be analyzed for similarities and differences.

The Clinton administration ran on a platform of being "outsiders" in Washington D.C., and they believed they could clean up Washington and give the government back to the people. Unfortunately, that did not happen. The Clinton administration was extremely controversial, especially because of the sex scandals and the Whitewater Scandal that turned up during the first year of Clinton's presidency. He may be most remembered for the Monica Lewinsky affair, but he did accomplish many things…

References

Carroll, C. (2009). Bush deficit vs. Obama deficit in pictures. Retrieved 1 Dec. 2009 from the Heritage Foundation Web site:  http://blog.heritage.org/2009/03/24/bush-deficit-vs.-obama-deficit-in-pictures .

Dickinson, M.J. (1998). No place for amateurs: Some thoughts on the Clinton administration and the presidential staff. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 28(4), 768.

Editors. (2009). Bill Clinton's transformative change vs. Barack Obama's incremental change. Retrieved 1 Dec. 2009 from the Talk Left.com Web site:  http://www.talkleft.com/story/2009/12/1/111950/911 .

Eksterowicz, A., & Hastedt, G. (1998). Modern presidential transitions: Problems, pitfalls, and lessons for success. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 28(2), 299+.

U.S. National Strategy

What three United States national interests do you think will be at great risk over the next five years? Describe those interests and identify which instruments of national power can be leveraged to protect or advance those national interests and how those instruments can be used.

As President Obama stated in his addresses to Congress in February 2009, the most important problem that the country faced was the economy, which was in the worst recession since the 1930s. This affected both domestic and foreign policy, since the country would probably have to reduce military spending and its commitments overseas as it did during the Great Depression, so for the Obama administration economic recovery was the primary goal. He did promise that "the weight of this crisis will not determine the destiny of this nation" (Obama Address, 2009, p. 1). He promised that the government would deal with…

REFERENCES

Address to Joint Session of Congress. Remarks of President Barack Obama, As Prepared for Delivery, Address to Joint Session of Congress, Tuesday, February 24th, 2009.

Comprehensive Regional Strategy on Somalia: A Strategy for U.S. Engagement Report to Congress, February 2007.

JP 3-0 Chapter I.

JP 3 Extract Chapter 2.

Not simply risky in that he is trying to create an integrated Middle Eastern policy when the issues involved are so complicated and so volatile (and the grievances so intractable). But also because by applying specifically religious language to the situation he runs the risk of exacerbating the tensions in the region that run so deeply along religious lines. (On the other hand, by emphasizing the important of connections among all Muslims, Obama may have some success in reducing the conflicts along national, ethnic, cultural, and linguistic lines.)

The importance of studying U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East is that all carefully considered information and theories about this subject, by adding to the marketplace of ideas, help even if only incidentally to move the world towards a more rational (and equitable) set of policies in the region (Dworkin, 1996, pp. 46; Hanania, 2009).

The thesis that I will be…

References

Bender, Thomas, 2006. A nation among nations: America's place in world history. London: Hill & Wang.

Benoit, Sammy, 2009, November 10. Obama's Middle East Policy Falls Apart . [Online].  http://docstalk.blogspot.com/2009/11/obamas-middle-east-policy-falls-apart.html . [Accessed 5 December 2009].

Chittenden, M., Rogers, L. & Smith, D., 2003. Focus: 'Targetitis ails NHS. Times Online. [Online].  http://www.timesonline.co.uk/printFriendly/0,,11-1506-669.html . [Accessed 3 December 2009].

Corsi, Jerome, 2009. Why Israel Can't Wait: The Coming War Between Israel and Iran. Los Angeles: Threshold.

United States policy towards the Iran's nuclear program has been complicated by a variety of issues. Some of these issues include Iran's alleged sponsorship of terrorism, regional stability, hostility towards U.S. allies, and the complication of the peace process between Arabs and Israelis in the Middle East. The United States' approach in policy toward Iran's nuclear program has changed very little from the Bush administration to the current Obama Administration. A writer for time magazine cleverly stated, in regard to the United States' approach to Iran's nuclear program that Obama taking over the presidency "is more like taking over the controls of a train than getting behind the wheel of a car" (T. Karon). This analogy is appropriate because Obama's administration is following the foundation laid by the Bush Administration.

Both the Obama and Bush administrations recognized the potential global and regional danger that could surfaces as a result of…

References

Katzman, K. (2008). Iran: U.S. concerns and policy responses. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

Obama's Foreign Policy Similar to Bush's at End of 2009 - TIME. (n.d.). Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News Photos, Video, Tech Reviews - TIME.com. Retrieved April 26, 2011, from  http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1950827,00.html 

Renshon, S.A. (2009). National Security in the Obama Administration: Reassessing the Bush doctrine.. Hoboken: Taylor & Francis.

Us Diplomacy With Iran - Clinton says U.S. diplomacy unlikely to end Iran nuclear program - Los Angeles Times. (n.d.). Featured Articles From The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 26, 2011, from  http://articles.latimes.com/2009/mar/03/world/fg-clinton3

Meanwhile in the journal Du Bois Review (Parker, et al., 2009, p. 194) the authors point to racism and patriotism as key themes for the 2008 Democratic primary election. "Race was a consistent narrative" used by those opposed to Obama, Parker explains (p. 194). Both Clinton and the Republicans "used racial references" to attack Obama, including the attacks on Obama "for his perceived inability to connect to 'real working Americans'" (p. 194).

The Republican sideshow called "Joe the plumber" attacked Obama with the charge that Obama was "seeking to take money from hardworking 'real Americans' to give it to 'those people'" (p. 194). Clinton questioned Obama's patriotism suggesting that he was not a "real" American. Parker notes that when Governor Dukakis ran for president as a Democrat, he was attacked but no one questioned whether he was "a real American as they did with Obama" (p. 195).

The authors present…

Works Cited

Alter, Jonathan. "Leading Democrats to Bill Clinton: Pipe Down." Newsweek. (2008).

Retrieved March 17, 2010, from http://www.newsweek.com.

Balz, Dan, and Johnson, Hanes. The Battle for American 2008: The Story of an Extraordinary

Election. New York: Viking, 2009.

Obama endorsed an Illinois handgun ban while he was serving in the Illinois state legislature and also supports a ban on semi-automatic weapons. However, the current President professed his support for the Second Amendment, stating that he supports restrictions to keep guns out of the wrong hands, not a full prohibition. In Illinois he co-sponsored a 2000 to limit consumer purchases of firearms to one gun per month -- although he also supported 'conceal carry' laws for retired police officers ("Gun control," on the Issues, 2008).

The spike in gun sales has more to do with political posturing than reality: gun owners wish to demonstrate their opposition to Obama's system of values, as conceptualized in the red-blue divide that currently exists in the United States. In this polarized media positioning, Obama represents urban elitism and government control, despite his actual policies. The NRA and the gun industry has used this…

Works Cited

"Gun control." On the issues. 2008. June 5, 2010.

 http://www.ontheissues.org/gun_control.htm 

Kinzie, Susan. "GWU adds ethical focus to business school." The Washington Post.

September 15, 2008. June 5, 2010.  

McChrystal

The problem facing General McChrystal is that he forgot (or never knew) the rule regarding the making of remarks or comments that denigrate a superior officer. Such a mistake is not only an ethical misstep, it is also expressly prohibited in Article 88, which states that commissioned officers are prohibited from verbal or written language denigrating military officers, or political legislatures, governors or other officials including the Chief Executive of the United States (in this case Barak Hussein Obama). If McChrystal had concentrated on what he knows best (being a leader of men) he most likely would have never found himself in a situation that called for his resignation. From all reports, it seems as if McChrystal was a very hands-on leader who cared for his troops.

One report found that "the instincts that he (McChrystal) developed during five years in the cloistered, secret world of Joint Special Operations…

References

Executive Branch -- Politics (2010) Obama relieves McChrystal over critical remarks, name Patreaus as replacement, accessed December 7, 2011 at:  http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2010/06/23/mcchrystal-afghanistan-fate/#ixzz1ft1jyQUM 

Kitfield, J.; (2010) McChrystal: A warrior undone, National Journal, May 26th, p. 3

Obama, B.H.; (2010) Remarks on the resignation of General Stanley A. McChrystal as Commander of the NATO International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan, Daily Compilation of Presidential Documents, pp. 1 -- 3

Thomas, E.; Barry, J.; Smalley, S.; (2009) McChrystal's war, Newsweek, Vol. 154, Issue 14, pp. 28-33

Japanese-Americans in the West Coast lived peacefully before President Roosevelt issued the Executive Order 9066 in February 1942 that condemned them to misery in internment camps in the deserts of California. Those who owned property had to sell them. Some had to give up their belongings. The Japanese-Americans could not wage any form of resistance because this would be suppressed by brute military force. Nobody would be foolhardy enough to contemplate that. The 20-year-olds were adversely affected despite the fact that some of them were later allowed to go to college, work in factories, and serve in the United States military. Life in the camps was heart-wrenching.

The young Japanese-Americans conscripted into the military had divided loyalty especially after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbour. America was their country of birth and Japan was the country of their parents and ancestors. The anti-Japanese sentiments that were aired after the Pearl Harbour…

hile sweeping gun laws are required to improve America's issue of gun violence, evidence from Obama's attempts suggest that only gradual and small degrees of regulatory change will be capable of passing through a divided legislative branch.

This literature demonstrates that even a public administrative force such as the executive branch must face power limitations. The very premise of the United States government is that the three branches work in coordination with one another to ensure to no singular ideological vision comes to dominate a nation founded on plurality. Accordingly, the text by Denhardt & Grubbs indicates that public administration must demonstrate the capacity for compromise, for accommodation and for recognition of a wide cross-section of interests (Denhardt & Grubbs, 422)

Moreover, this cross-section is always shifting, changing and demanding engagement by its leadership. Accordingly, in many locales, rising populations in immigrant communities, various shifts in settling patterns related to…

Works Cited:

Barrett, T. & Cohen, T. (2013). Senate Rejects Expanded Gun Background Checks. CNN.com.

Denhardt, R.B. & Grubbs, J.W. (2002). Public Administration: An Action Orientation. Wadsworth Publishing.

Rainey, H.G. (2009). Understanding and Managing Public Organizations (4rd ED). Wiley Publishing.

This is significant, because the two elements will directly determine the overall extent that these issues will play in deciding when American forces will withdraw. It is through examining this complex role that United States is playing in Iraq, that provide the greatest insights as to what challenges will be faced in the future.

ibliography

"1,487 Victims of Violence in March 2010." 1 April 2010. Aswat Al Iraq. Http://en.aswataliraq.info/?p=129534 .

Accessed 2 April 2010.

"Iraq Violence Facts and Figures." 29 November 2006. C. Http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/5052138.stm. Accessed 2

April 2010.

"Lebanon, Israel and the Greater West Asian Crisis." 17 August 2006. Open Democracy.

Http://www.opendemocracy.net/conflict/westasia_crisis_3833.jsp. Accessed 2 April 2010.

"Obama Keeps U.S. Troop Withdrawal Plan after Iraq Poll." 7 March 2010. Reuters.

Http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE6261YI20100307. Accessed 2 April 2010.

"PKK Surrender Test Turkey Plan." 19 October 2009. C. Http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8315088.stm. Accessed 2

April 2010.

"U.S. Commits to Iraq Withdrawal by 2011, but Could Seek an Extension."…

Bibliography

"1,487 Victims of Violence in March 2010." 1 April 2010. Aswat Al Iraq. Http://en.aswataliraq.info/?p=129534 .

Accessed 2 April 2010.

"Iraq Violence Facts and Figures." 29 November 2006. BBC.  Http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/5052138.stm . Accessed 2

April 2010.

The international community can obviously respond by seeking to marginalize the Taliban and similar movements as extremists. However, it has become clear following the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon that western governments have not been effective in infiltrating terrorist networks and pre-empting attacks. It has also become clear that there will be no shortage of people in the Islamic world who are willing to martyr themselves for as long as there are legitimate grievances against the U.S. And other countries. It is therefore in the interest of the Americans that actions are taken by its government that seek to address both the legitimate concerns of moderate elements within the Islamic world and American's own relative ignorance as to what is happening in the world beyond the U.S. (Marsden, 2002 pp. 153-155).

The Afghanistan military action of the U.S. wherein the Taliban regime was overthrown is…

References

Marsden, P. (2002) the Taliban, War and Religion in Afghanistan. London: Zed Books Ltd.

Rashid, a. (2000) Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia. New Haven CT: Yale University Press.

Roy, O. (1986) Islam and Resistance in Afghanistan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Rosenthal, J. (1991) Righteous Realists: Political Realism, Responsible Power and American Culture in Nuclear Age. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University.

Effects on Current Position

With "The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act," many healthcare professionals are affected (Democratic Policy Committee, n.d.). Nationwide, hospitals are scrambling to buy hospitals in an effort to control costs. Doctors are leaving small private practices. Large insurance companies are becoming more dominant as smaller ones disappear because they cannot stay competitive (New York Times, 2011). Furthermore, epublicans denounced the law as an intrusion by the government that would prompt employers to eliminate jobs, create an unsustainable entitlement program, saddle states and the federal government with unmanageable costs, and interfere with the doctor-patient relationship. As a result, the law would exacerbate the steep rise in the cost of medical services, thus affecting the elimination of many healthcare positions. Ironically, less healthcare professionals will ensue, but an increase in patient care will be needed, as a result in more people becoming insured.

Challenges & Opportunities

Moreover, many…

References

Democratic Policy Committee. (n.d.). The patient protection and affordable care act. Retrieved from  http://dpc.senate.gov/healthreformbill/healthbill04.pdf 

The New York Times. (21 Dec 2011). Healthcare reform. Retrieved from  http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/health/diseasesconditionsandhealthtopics/health_insurance_and_managed_care/health_care_reform/index.html

This way, the U.S.-lead NGO can collaborate with other NGOs in order to determine an action plan, discuss issues of importance, and foster cooperation. According to alsh, the international community has entered a new era in which entities must work together in order to affect change. hile alsh specifically discusses the partnership that for-profit companies can have with NGOs, his point is more generally applicable. Indeed, it is the very definition of global civil society. Global civil society is an international community that functions and works together in order to solve shared problems. By entering the NGO arena by working with other arenas, the director and advisors of Obama's U.S.-sponsored NGO will represent its willingness to enter that global civil society.

After meeting with other NGOs, the U.S.-sponsored NGO must decide on a series of bylaws that will mold its behavior. First and foremost must come the development of a…

Works Cited

Korten, David C., Perlas, Nicanor, and Shiva, Vandana. "Global Civil Society: The Path

Ahead." The People-Centered Development Forum.  http://www.pcdf.org/civilsociety/default.htm 

McDonald, Chris. "Ethics for NGOs & Charities." The Business Ethics Blog. 5 April 2008.  http://www.businessethics.ca/blog/2007/04/ethics-for-ngos-charities.html 

Walsh, Brian. "Making Business-NGO Partnerships Work." On Philanthropy. 06 July http://www.onphilanthropy.com/site/News2?id=6551&page=NewsArticle

Longest War

Homeland Security & Emergency Management

M6A1: Book Review

Bergen, Peter. (2011). The longest war: The enduring conflict between America and al-Qaeda.

New York: Free Press.

As its title suggests, Peter Bergen's book, The longest war: The enduring conflict between America and al-Qaeda, is a chronicle of a war that defies the traditional conventions and definitions of warfare. The war of terror has no clear beginning and no clear end and has challenged many of the assumptions of how warfare is viewed and waged within the United States. It is a long war, an unending war, and even though the book was written before the killing of Osama bin Laden, the orchestrator of the attacks on the Twin Towers and the Pentagon, the war will continue to rage on so long as there are state and non-state enemies willing to attack the U.S. using the mechanisms of terrorism. The…

Scattering the Projects

By the 1990s, stakeholders in the public housing discussion had decided that the way to save public housing was to dismantle the core tenet that had defined public housing projects for several generations. While project housing projects had always been designed to be highly dense living spaces, usually relying on high-rise buildings and often housing far more individuals than had originally been planned for. The new model of public housing would be to "scatter" housing for the poor throughout established neighborhoods. This would be accomplished by the federal government getting out of the business of direct funding and construction of housing projects and instead providing vouchers for individuals to use towards renting housing in established middle-class neighborhoods.

The HOPE IV project was centered on this idea of "scattering":

The ostensible motive was to end the isolation of tenants from the wider city. The supposed barriers were twofold.…

References

Buell Center. (2009). A New Conversation. Retrieved from  http://www.gsapp.org/buell/publichousing/_pdf/BUELL-PubHous.pdf .

Hawkins, K. (2010). Chicago shuttes infamous public housing project. Retrieved from  http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/40450463/ .

Jackson, K. (1987). Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Venkatesh, S. & Celimli, I. Tearing Down the Community. Retrieved from www.nhi.org/online/issues/138/chicago.html.

Medical Care Services

The current delivery of health care services represents one of the most important subjects for discussion both in the Obama Administration as well as the epublican one and the Administrations that preceded the Bush one. egardless of political color, it must be pointed out that the health care system in the United States does not only depend on the ideological orientation, but also on the people and their own beliefs in terms of human action and interaction. It is a clear fact that "Ten years ago, the U.S. healthcare system was declared "broken," and it has not improved. Fixes promised by managed care have not materialized. Premiums are rising. Hassles for patients and physicians abound. Nearly 45 million Americans are uninsured." (Garson, 2000)

One of the most severe problems facing the health care system in the United States is the discussion that is being held between those…

References

Garson, Arthur. "Current Perspective. The U.S. Healthcare System 2010. Problems, Principles, and Potential Solutions" 2000. Available at  http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/101/16/2015.full#sec-7 

ImpediMed. "Pre-emptive vs. Reactive Models of Care: Pre-emptive Care Model Prospectively Managing Lymphedema in Breast Cancer Patients" 2012. Available at  http://www.impedimed.com/knowledge-center/health-insurance-providers/pre-emptive-versus-reactive-models-of-care.htm 

Yale School of Medicine. "The PA Profession." 2013. Available at  http://medicine.yale.edu/pa/profession/index.aspx

eintegration of Ex-Felons

Although the paradigms of public administration have undergone considerable scrutiny and some evolution, particularly over the past several decades, there is merit in considering the historical paradigms with respect to public administration as an academic and scientific discipline. Paradigm 2, The Principles of Administration, circa 1927 to 1937, serves as the springboard for this discussion. In Henry's words, "Thus the focus of the field -- its essential expertise in the form of administrative principles -- waxed [in the 1930s and early 1940s], while no one thought seriously about its focus. Indeed the locus of public administration was everywhere because principles were principles and administration was administration" (Henry, 1795, p. 380). By the time a decade had passed, Herb Simon had eschewed the traditional foundations of public administration and presented his own version of a new paradigm for the discipline. Simon seized on the idea that "there ought…

References

Brown, B. (2011). Vocational psychology and ex-offenders' reintegration: A call for action. Journal of Career Assessment, 19(3), 333-342. doi: 10.1177/1069072710395539

Henry, N. (1975, July -- August). Paradigms of public administration. Public Administration Review, 35(4), 378-386.

Hughs, O.E. (1994, 1998, 2003). Public management and administration: An introduction (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Palgrave MacMillan.

Morrison, A. (2012). Obama administration announces $20.5 million in ex-felon grants. Loop21. Retrieved  http://www.loop21.com/politics/obama-administration-20-million-ex-felon-grants

Furthermore, the strategy still relies on the fact that the country is set to get a transition beyond the war on terror activities. This comes so early that the nation will not be ready to abandon some of the activities being done to counter terrorist attacks. Nonetheless, the U.S. is still experiencing numerous serious threats from its enemies like the al-Qaeda and other terrorist actors in the world. The strategy will serve as a good idea but a serious threat to the general existence of peace and stability in the country. The basic mechanisms of counterterrorism will be eradicated when the nation is facing serious certainties of attacks from the wounded enemies.

Asia in the balance: Transforming U.S. military strategy in Asia

After the Second World War, the United States has been at a forefront in ensuring the security of its allies and commodities found in China. The interests bestowed…

References

Berman, I. (1/05/2012). Reading the Tea Leaves on Obama's New Military Strategy. Forbes.

Retrieved on 30 Jan. 13 from  http://www.forbes.com/sites/ilanberman/2012/01/05/reading-the-tea-leaves-on-obamas-new-military-strategy/ 

Mahnken, T. G et al. (June 04, 2012). Asia in the balance: Transforming U.S. military strategy in Asia. American Enterprise Institute. Retrieved on 30 Jan. 13 from http://www.aei.org/papers/foreign-and-defense-policy/regional/asia/asia-in-the-balance-transforming-us-military-strategy-in-asia/

VA Hospital

Write about the culture and diversity. Describe the population/individuals in the VA hospital work environment. efer to at least four of the characteristics (such as cultural imposition, economically, cultural awareness, ethnocentric and acculturation). Then, discuss which ones have the most potential for conflict and why?

The VA serves veterans from various backgrounds. The most notable include: Caucasians, African-Americans, Asians, Latinos and American Indians. The four characteristics that will have an impact on the VA include: economically, cultural awareness, ethnocentric and cultural imposition. ("VA Mental Health," 2011)

Economically, the VA is facing challenges with the total number of patients increasing to 2.06 million last year. This is adding to their case loads and overwhelming the resources of many facilities. In the future, this can create conflict with veterans not receiving the quality of care they deserve. Cultural awareness is understanding, the needs of various demographics of patients and what…

References

VA Mental Health. (2011). GAO. Retrieved from:  http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d1212.pdf 

Farrell, C. (2008). The Abortion Debate. Edina, MN: ABDO.

Tate, N. (2012). Obama Care Survival Guide. West Palm Beach, FL: Huxman.

Future of the U.S. Economy:

The most widely accepted fact is that the American economy is gradually recovering from the recent global recession though the progress seems to be very slow and relatively disappointing. This disappointing growth is partly attributed to the widespread assumption that long-term economic projections are deteriorating across the globe. Some of the major incidents that have characterized the economies of many countries include huge unemployment rates, budget cuts in private and public sectors, and increase in debts. Furthermore, political systems and structures in various countries seem unable to deal with these problems that pose significant threats to the entire global financial system (Sivy par, 1). One of the major ways for understanding the status and future of the economy is through learning macroeconomics. Learning macroeconomics is important since without these concepts, it would be nearly impossible to understand the effect of development in business, society, and…

Works Cited:

Boccia, Romina. "How the United States' High Debt Will Weaken the Economy and Hurt Americans." The Heritage Foundation. The Heritage Foundation, 12 Feb. 2013. Web. 26 May 2013. .

Gordon, Robert J. "IS U.S. ECONOMIC GROWTH OVER? FALTERING INNOVATION CONFRONTS THE SIX HEADWINDS." NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES. National Bureau of Economic Research, Aug. 2012. Web. 26 May 2013. .

Orszag, Peter. "Hard Slog -- the Real Future of the U.S. Economy: Peter Orszag." Bloomberg. BLOOMBERG L.P., 3 July 2011. Web. 26 May 2013. .

Sivy, Michael. "Is the Global Economy Slowly Falling Apart?" Time Business & Money. Time Inc., 5 Apr. 2013. Web. 26 May 2013. .

Fallout

A section of commentators have taken issue with the manner in which the federal government denied suspected terrorist the due process of law as stipulated under the constitution. The government even commissioned the establishment of a torture chamber in Guantanamo Bay. This amounts to gross violation of human rights and civil liberties. There is another clause in the patriot act dubbed "enhanced surveillance procedures," which allows federal authorities to gather foreign intelligence by breaching firewalls of 'terrorist nations.' This controversial foreign policy clause damaged the relationship between America and the Middle East.

A section of scholars argues that key players in the oil industry manipulated the United States to wage war against Afghanistan. According to an article published on the BBC World Service in December 2007, the execution of Saddam Hussein was unwarranted. Political scientists reckon that a cartel of multinational oil companies wanted to control the oil in…

Van Bergen, J. (2003) "In the Absence of Democracy: The Designation and Material Support Provisions of the Anti-Terrorism Laws." Cardozo Pub. [?] Law Policy & Ethics Journal 2 (2003): 107.

Luca, B (2004). American foreign policy and global governance, in A. Gobbicchi (ed.), Globalization, armed conflicts and security (Rubbettino/CEMISS, Roma) 112-127

Fawcett, L. (2009) International Relations of the Middle East (2nd ed.) Oxford University Press

This is achieved by forcing them to maintain a list of individuals who do not wish to be conducted about purchasing a variety of products and services. Furthermore, these protections were enacted to ensure that businesses are not engaging in tactics that are abusive by limiting the times when they can call and what they can say. (Caudill, 2000)

In contrast with the Consumer Privacy Bill of ights, the proposed regulations are designed to enhance protections. This is occurring over the Internet vs. On the telephone. These differences are showing how there is a loop hole in existing regulations as to how these laws are applied. The new guidelines are building upon the provisions from the Telephone Consumer Protections Act of 1991 by establishing procedures as to the way confidential information is used and collected from firms. This is occurring is through placing limits on an organization's online activities. ("Consumer…

References

Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights. (2012). CNN Money. Retrieved from:  http://money.cnn.com/2012/02/22/technology/bill_of_rights_privacy/index.htm 

Fact Sheet. (2012). White House.gov. Retrieved from:  http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2012/02/23/fact-sheet-plan-protect-privacy-internet-age-adopting-consumer-privacy-b 

Barlough, R. (2003). The Do Not Call Registry Model. Marshall Journal Computer and Information, 22, 79 -- 85.

Caudill, E. (2000). Consumer Online Privacy. Journal of Public Policy, 19 (1), 7 -- 19.

PPACA

On March 23, 2010 the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) was signed into law by President Barack Obama. Along with the Health Care Reconciliation Act of 2010, the PPACA became part of the overall Health Care Reform concept of 2010. The health care reform process was promoted as a way to completely transform the health care industry and ensure that all Americans received affordable health care. hile supporters praise the legislation as a revolutionary law which will benefit ordinary Americans, critics claim that the Obama Administration used the health care reform process as a means of gaining control over the entire health care system. In an attempt to compare and contrast the provisions of this new law, this essay will discuss several provisions of the new health care legislation and compare the benefits as well as the criticisms of them.

Section 5501 of the PPACA provides for…

Works Cited

Appleby, Julie. (2011, Jan. 10). Effort To Reward Medicare Advantage Plans Draws Criticism. Kaiser Health News. Retrieved from  http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/Stories/2011/January/10/Medpac-on-Medicare-Advantage-bonuses.aspx 

"Side Effects: Obamacare Could Punish Docs for Better Quality Care." (2010, July 16). The Heritage Foundation. Retrieved from http://fixhealthcarepolicy.com/health-care-news/side-effects-obamacare-could-punish-docs-for-better-quality-care/

Gold, Jenny. (2011, Jam. 18). "Accountable Care Organizations, Explained." NPR. Retrieved from  http://www.npr.org/2011/04/01/132937232/accountable-care-organizations-explained 

"Health Care Reform: Annual Fee on Prescription Drug Manufacturers and Excise Tax on Medical Devise Manufacturers." (2010, Apr.). Covington & Burling LLP Retrieved from  http://www.cov.com

Other Congressional Democrats too are withdrawing their support of the president, including Senator Paul Kirk, Jr. Of Massachusetts. Health care reform too has seen a parting of the ways for some Democrats and the president.

Health care reform was one of the primary issues President Obama focused on during his campaign. The historic vote in the House of epresentatives brought him one step closer to seeing this reform come to fruition. However, the vote revealed a significant decline in the president's support. Whereas all but one epublican voted for the bill, almost 20% of Democrats voted against Obama's flagship piece of legislation, allowing to pass by a very slim 220-215 vote ("Final vote," 2009). The Senate has yet to vote on the bill, but with a similar composition as the House, the vote is certainly to be close. Immigration reform too was a topic Obama espoused to voters along the…

References

Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA history). (2009). Retrieved December 1, 2009, from  http://www.nyse.tv/dow-jones-industrial-average-history-djia.htm .

Final vote results for roll call [HIDDEN] (10 Oct 2002). Retrieved December 1, 2009, from  http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2002/roll455.xml .

Final vote results for roll call [HIDDEN] (7 Nov 2009). Retrieved December 1, 2009, from  http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2009/roll887.xml .

Groen, J. & Polivka, A. (Mar 2008). Hurricane Katrina evacuees. Monthly Labor Review Online, 131(3). Retrieved December 1, 2009, from  http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2008/03/art3exc.htm .

Military Draw-Down from Afghanistan

hen terrorists attacked the United States on September 11, 2001, there was very little hesitation on the part of then President George . Bush -- and the United States Congress -- to mount a retaliatory military campaign in Afghanistan, the place where bin Laden was training terrorists to kill Americans. The Taliban militants were control of Afghanistan at that time and they had provided training camps for bin Laden and al Qaeda to plan their terrorist activities against the United States. Bush gave the Taliban time to either hand over bin Laden (which they were not about to do) or prepare for a bombardment by U.S. military. The American public was fully behind the 2001 military engagement in Afghanistan, but few citizens at that time imagined that more than ten years later American soldiers would still be in Afghanistan, fighting the resurgent Taliban militants.

hen President…

Works Cited

Aymeen Jawad, al-Tamimi. 2012. Rethinking U.S. Strategy in Afghanistan. Middle East

Quarterly 19 (Winter) 1-15.

Jones, Jeffrey M. 2011. Americans More Positive on Afghanistan After Bin Laden Death.

Gallup Poll. Retrieved January 29, 2012, from  http://www.gallup.com .

U.S. Approach to Terrorism

U.S Approach to Terrorism Post 2001

The incidence of September 11, 2001 led to an anti-terrorism campaign by the government of U.S. And was called the war or terror. Since 2001, U.S. government has taken several steps to maintain security and counter terrorism by implementing certain strategies at national and international level. These approaches and steps, whether useful or not have been discussed in this paper.

President Bush's Justifications For Invading Iraq Post 9/11

After the September 11, attack in 2001, the Bush government declared "war on terror" which was intended to counter terrorism. Bush also declared in his address on 20th September 2001 that, the "war on terror" will begin from dealing with al Qaeda but it will stop only when terrorism is dealt with properly. According to Bush doctrine, whichever country contained weapon of mass destruction (MD) is a threat for U.S. And therefore…

Works Cited

Chandler, David War without End(s): Grounding the Discourse of 'Global War', 40 Security Dialogue, (2009): 243-244.

Hixson, W.L. The War in Iraq and American Freedom. Arab World Geographer 2003. 6 (1): 27-29.

Huntington, S.P. Who Are We? The Challenges to America's National Identity. New York: Simon & Schuster. (2004): 121-129.

Hastings, Michael. The Drone Wars. Rolling Stone, 0035791X, Issue 1155, (2012): 113-118.

role of government in the current debates surrounding the enactment of universal healthcare and the illicit drug war along the Mexican border, it is critical to look to the powers granted by the Constitution. Yet, the Constitution has always meant different things to different people throughout American history. As any law student will tell you, one of the major conflicts surrounding the Constitution is the concept of Originalism. This legal understanding holds that if the Constitution is to mean anything, the courts must interpret it through the lens of the men who put the ink to the paper and established the government (calia, 1998). Yet, significant flaws exist in this theory as the Founders themselves were not of one mind but were a diverse and politically combative group to the point of fighting duels with one another (e.g. Hamilton's murder at the hands of Burr). To return to these modern…

Sources:

Baker, P. 2010. Obama Making Plans to Use Executive Power. New York Times. 12 Feb 2010.

Fiegerman, S. 2011. Congress Approval Rating Hits All Time Low. The Street. 21 Dec 2011.

Immigration Policy Center, 2009. Enforcing Immigration Laws. American Immigration Council. Last Accessed 12 Jan 2012. URL: http://www.immigrationpolicy.org/just-facts/enforcing-immigration-laws-repairing-our-broken-immigration-system

Matthews, M. 2012. How Obama Sucker Punched Republicans on the Budget. Forbes. 12 Jan 2012. URL:  http://www.forbes.com/sites/merrillmatthews/2012/01/12/how-obama-sucker-punched-republicans-on-the-budget/

" To that end, the Treasury Department would limit executive compensation for institutions receiving "exceptional assistance" (Geithner and Summers, 2009).

Troubles continued in the financial sector -- both Citigroup and the Bank of America needed second rounds of capital infusions, and federal guarantees against losses totaling tens of billions more -- while Ben S. Bernanke, the Federal Reserve chairman, warned that more capital injections might be needed to further stabilize the financial system. On Jan. 16, the Senate voted 52-42 to release the second round of funds (Gerth, 2009).

THE GEITHNER PLANS -on Feb. 10, Mr. Geither presented the rough outlines of the Obama administration's plan. A central piece of the proposal would create one or more so-called bad banks that would rely on taxpayer and private money to purchase and hold banks' bad assets. Another centerpiece of the plan would stretch the last $350 billion that the Treasury has…

Yet the Obama Administration has also vigorously pursed the war in Afghanistan against the Taliban.

The discovery of an offensive Iranian nuclear program combined with the suppression of dissenting voices after a corrupt election made adopting a conciliatory and more open position to Iran difficult, despite Obama's stated willingness to open talks with that nation. "I would say to those people who put so much hope and energy and optimism into the political process, I would say to them that the world is watching and inspired by their participation, regardless of what the ultimate outcome of the election was" (Solomon & Spiegel 2009). Even his tenuous statement that America supports all impulses towards freedom was controversial -- Iranian hard-liners used it as evidence of American interference in their internal affairs, while the president's right-wing critics at home said that it was not sufficiently strident. "Any push by Mr. Obama to…

Works Cited

"Obama's speech in Cairo." The New York Times. June 4, 2009.

October 31, 2009.

 http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/04/us/politics/04obama.text.html 

Solomon, Jay & Peter Siegel. "Obama says Iran must pick its own leaders."

S. It too had run into a deep recession and too sought ways out of it by considering tax options. In a similar way, both candidates running for the South Korean presidency in the 2012 presidential elections vowed to "to prioritise "national reconciliation," better "economic democracy" and social welfare" (BBC News (17 December 2012) South Korea's presidential candidates) and to do this via easing South Korea's income gap between rich and poor by adjusting tax burden appropriately. No wonder, that U.S. President Barack Obama congratulated her and stated that he "is looking forward to working closely with her administration on issues of mutual concern" (ibid). The two nations currently have a lot in common and Ms. Park seems to be treading the path that Obama has in mind.

Conclusion

Our recent recession goes by various names. It is called, in turn, the Great ecession, the Lesser Depression, the Long ecession,…

References

Condon, S. (December 19, 2012) the middle-class tax hikes in Obama's "fiscal cliff" plan. CBS News.

Grosz, D. (Dec 19, 2012) Rich Make Out Like Bandits in Fiscal-Cliff Negotiations. The Daily Beast

 http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/12/19/rich-make-out-like-bandits-in-fiscal-cliff-negotiations.html 

 http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-250_162-57559974/the-middle-class-tax-hikes-in-obamas-fiscal-cliff-plan/

Rahm Emmanuel, the son of an Israeli immigrant, fits the elite 'profile' less well but was highly prominent in the Clinton Administration, thus reflecting a 'hold over' of power rather than a radical break with the previous Republican administration. Emmanuel also has an MA from Northwestern University. Obama senior advisor David Axelrod was a prominent member of the Chicago media and has a degree from the University of Chicago. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner is a career civil servant. Geithner is also the former President of the Fed of New York State, where the financial industry of the nation is based (Pijanowski 2010).

hile members of the current Democratic-lead cabinet may have more public policy and legal expertise than corporate experience, overall Domhoff's thesis seems to receive at least some support, given their biographies. Additionally, while recent Latina Supreme Court appointee Sonya Sotomayor might seem to be a deviation from an…

Works Cited

"Barak Obama: Biography." Biography.com. June 2, 2010.

 http://www.biography.com/articles/Barack-Obama-12782369 

Domhoff, G. William Who Rules America? New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002.

Pijanowski, Jeff. (2009, February 5). "List and Bios of Obama's Key White House Staff

President Obama's egulatory Czar

Cass Sunstein has served as President Obama's regulatory czar and discusses his service in this position in a book he wrote regarding the future of government. In his book, Sunstein provides considerable insights regarding how he assisted in simplifying bureaucracy resulting in increased cost-effectiveness and realization of improved outcomes. The cost-effectiveness is evident in that he helped save the country $91 billion and improved outcomes is associated with healthier and longer lives for Americans. Despite his remarkable achievements, Cass Sunstein left the White House Office of Information and egulatory Affairs in 2012. While Sunstein's helped in the implementation of several policies, there are additional policies that can be implemented to help in further simplification of this leviathan of a government.

Sunstein's Work

One of the major issues that have characterized President Obama's administration in the past four years is regulations, which is one of the most…

References

Plumer, B. (2013, June 12). Cass Sunstein on How Government Regulations Could Be a Lot

Simpler. The Washington Post. Retrieved December 15, 2014, from  http://www.washingtonpost.com /blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/06/12/cass-sunstein-on-how-government-regulations-could-be-a-lot-simpler/

Sunstein, C.R. (2012, June 22). Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Department and Agencies. Retrieved from Office of Management and Budget -- Executive Office of the President website:  http://www.dol.gov/regulations/20120622OIRAReducingReportingPaperworkBurdens.pdf 

Sunstein, C.R. (2013). Simpler: the future of government. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.

interventionism from the perspective of realism vs. idealism. Realism is defined in relationship to states national interests whereas idealism is defined in relation to the UNs Responsibility to Protect doctrine -- a doctrine heavily influenced by Western rhetoric over the past decade. By addressing the question of interventionism from this standpoint, by way of a case study of Libya and Syria, a picture of the realistic implications of "humanitarian intervention" becomes clear. Idealistically, humanitarian interventionism is a process that stops atrocities and establishes peace and prosperity. Realistically, interventionism allows Western businesses to reap the spoils of destabilization -- as has been seen in Libya with the Libyan oil fields being claimed by Western oil companies -- and as is being seen in Syria, with the threat of invasion bound to have detrimental effects on the construction of a new pipeline that bypasses the Turkey-Israel pipeline. Syria also presents itself as…

'Violent chaos': Libya in deep crisis 2 years since rebels took over', 2013, RT, 26 Aug.

Available from . [24 Aug 2013].

Weiner, T 2008, Legacy of Ashes, Anchor Books, NY.

He has also had to grapple with a dangerous world, including escalating tensions in the Middle East. These challenges have forced him to deviate from the inspiring, common touch of the rhetoric of the campaign.

However, some of the perceived shift in tone in Obama's leadership seems less due to circumstances and more due to greater knowledge of his character, such as his more aloof and cerebral side that his advisors tried to hide during the campaign. These qualities have made it difficult for him to communicate the full benefits America has accrued from his leadership, and allowed some of his political adversaries to position him as elitist, despite his relatively modest upbringing. But although he may not always be as charismatic as a reasoned and cautious leader, he is always transformational in his aspirations -- otherwise he would never have undertaken the risks of reforming healthcare at all. There…

References

Dowlin, Joan E. (2011). President Obama's calm assertiveness. The Huffington Post.

Retrieved June 27, 2011 at  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/joan-e-dowlin/president-obamas-leadersh_1_b_836228.html 

Hamburger, Tom & Matea Gold. (2011, June 25) Election 2012: Obama campaign courts wealthy donors. The L.A. Times. Retrieved June 27, 2011 at  http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jun/25/nation/la-na-0625-obama-donors-20110625 

McManus, Doyle. (2009, February 15). For Obama, governing isn't campaigning.

President Obama's remarkable ability to combine his liberal inclinations on humanitarian issues with expertly wielded applications of America's economic and military superiority was presaged in an article published by Harvard Magazine before ballots had been cast in the 2008 election. When professor of international relations Joseph S. Nye Jr. boldly declared that "the old distinction between realists and liberals needs to give way to a new synthesis that you might choose to call 'liberal realism'"4, (2008, pg. 36), he

3 Douthat, oss. "Obama the ealist." The New York Times, February 07, 2011.

4 Nye, Joseph S. "Toward a Liberal ealist Foreign Policy: A memo for the next president." Harvard Magazine 110 (2008): 36-38.

provided a startlingly accurate prediction of President Obama's methodically effective strategy of relying on liberalist motivations to enact firmly realist foreign policy directives in relation to Iran.

Other commentaries on American public opinion towards Iran have focused…

References

Cohen, Warren I. "The Dispensable Nation: American Foreign Policy in Retreat' by Vali Nasr." The Washington Post, May 03, 2012.  http://www.washingtonpost.com /opinions/the-dispensable-nation-american-foreign- policy-in-retreat-by-vali-nasr/2013/05/03/b7b01178-ac14-11e2-a198- 99893f10d6dd_story.html (Accessed May 4, 2013).

Douthat, Ross. "Obama the Realist." The New York Times, February 07, 2011.  http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/07/opinion/07douthat.html?_r=0  (Accessed May 5, 2013).

Esfandiary, Dina. "Why Iranian Public Opinion Is Turning Against the Nuclear Program." The Atlantic, March 16, 2012.  http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/03/why - iranian-public-opinion-is-turning-against-the-nuclear-program/254627 / (Accessed May 5, 2013).

Nye, Joseph S. "Toward a Liberal Realist Foreign Policy: A memo for the next president." Harvard Magazine 110 (2008): 36-38. http://harvardmag.com/pdf/2008/03- pdfs/0308-36.pdf (Accessed May 4, 2013).

role of innovation in determining long-term economic growth and provide three public policies that are likely to encourage innovation. Provide an example of a recent innovation that has the potential to have a significant impact in one or more industries.

he nation needs to experience a situation where its exports are greater than its imports. his causes it to become wealthy and prevents many problems of economic hardship such as unemployment, the output and income in the economy, the price level, and burden of debt, inflation, national discontentment, and market inefficiencies and non-equilibrium that may will be the result of the reverse called a balance of trade deficit. here may also be preference for foreign products as opposed to locally-produced products which results in less of the local products being sold and in increase of their price. Whilst surplus of imports may be good for individual consumers who may end…

The Business Journal Obama vs. Romney on 7 innovation policy issues, 2012.  http://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/washingtonbureau/2012/09/12/obama-vs.-romney-on-7-innovation.html?page=al 

Rising to the Challenge: U.S. Innovation Policy for Global Economy

 http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13386

Project Management and the Federal Sustainable Energy Initiative

Today's IT Project Management

The Project Management Failings of the Obama Administration's Sustainable Energy Initiative

Dr. Beverly JN Bowen, PhD

As the global economy continues to suffer the devastating consequences of unchecked growth, in the form of a prolonged recession which has decimated the housing market, private enterprises and public policymakers alike have a vested interest achieving a sustainable form of urban development. Seeking a balance between our society's collective desire for environmental responsibility and the grim calculus of continually rising human populations has long been the goal of conscientious city planners, but the role of governmental intervention in this process has inspired considerable debate among politicians, social scientists, and real estate developers. With the administration of President Barack Obama encountering resistance and ridicule after a significant investment in clean and renewable energy, a move many detractors view as a billion dollar…

References

Campbell, S. (1996). Green cities, growing cities, just cities? Urban planning and the contradictions of sustainable development. Journal of the American Planning Association, 62(3), 296-312. Retrieved from http://www.cnr.uidaho.edu/css386/Readings/Campbell_Greencities.pdf

Duerksen, C. (2008). Saving the world through zoning. Planning: the Magazine of the American Planning Association, Retrieved from  http://www.law.du.edu/documents/rmlui/saving - the-world-through-zoning.pdf

Ingram, G.K., Carbonell, A., Hong, Y.H., & Flint, A. (2009). Smart growth policies: An evaluation of programs and outcomes. Cambridge, MA: Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. Retrieved from  http://www.lincolninst.edu/pubs/smart-growth-policies.aspx 

Schwalbe, K. (2011). Information technology project management. (6th ed.). Boston: Course Technology Ptr.

Immigration reform, once seeming close under President Bush after the introduction of the Comprehensive Immigration eform Act of 2007, has completely stalled since that point. That bill died in the Senate (Marre, 2007), and there has been little action on immigration reform since then, despite the support for the ideas of CIA by both Presidents Bush and Obama. There are few reasons why immigration reform has stalled. The first reason is that the economy went swirling down the porcelain. This shifted the priorities towards the end of the Bush Administration and for the first couple of years of the Obama Administration. Both presidents were forced to address economic issues, orchestrating bank bailouts and other measures to stabilize the economy. Immigration reform, while still viewed as important at the time, was simply viewed as less important. While Democrats had the clout to pass an immigration reform bill, they were concerned with…

References

Marre, K. (2007). 46-53 immigration bill goes down in the Senate. The Hill. Retrieved November 12, 2014 from  http://thehill.com/homenews/news/12430-46-53-immigration-bill-goes-down-in-defeat 

Smith, D. (2007). Senate kills Bush immigration reform bill. Reuters. Retrieved November 12, 2014 from  http://www.reuters.com/article/2007/06/29/us-usa-immigration-idUSN2742643820070629 

Foley, E. (2014). Conservatives warn that GOP must act on immigration, not just attack Obama. Huffington Post. Retrieved November 12, 2014 from  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/11/10/republicans-immigration-reform_n_6128980.html

A third approach in this area is the establishment of new co-pay programs which force patients to bear the costs of more procedures and treatments. This theory tends to shift part of the blame for over treatment back on the patient. Doctors claim that they order additional treatments because their patients insist on them. Forcing patients to share a greater portion of the costs of these additional treatments should arguably result in their being less demanding about receiving them.

Bureaucracy and overhead created in the delivery of health care and the administration of insurance benefits has also contributed to the substantial increase in health costs (Woodhandler 2003). The health insurance industry has campaigned to reduce health care costs but, in the process, has created a bureaucratic system that has effectively contributed to the problem. Additionally, compliance with governmental regulations has contributed to the bureaucratic difficulties as well. Practicing physicians and…

References

Avraham, Ronen. The Impact of Tort Reform on Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance Premiums. Research, Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2009.

Bodenheimer, T. "High and rising health care costs ." Annals of Internal Medicine, 2005: 932-937.

Davis, K. Mirror, mirror on the wall: an international update on the comparative performance of American health care. Research Study, New York: The Commonwealth Fund, 2007.

Epstein, Arnold M. "Health Care in America - Still too Separate, Not Yet Equal." New England Journal of Medicine, 2004: 603-605.