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Philosophy
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What is Philosophy?

Philosophy is one of the oldest academic disciplines, concerned with foundational questions about knowledge, existence, morality, and the nature of society. It appears across a wide range of courses, from introductory humanities surveys to professional programs in nursing and education, precisely because its core concerns—how we know what we know, what we value, and how we ought to act—cut across disciplinary boundaries. Works like Traversing Philosophical Boundaries by Max O'Halloran represent the kind of textbook framework students encounter when first engaging systematic philosophical inquiry, and topics such as free will and philosophy of religion show how abstract concepts quickly connect to lived experience.

The papers gathered here reflect several distinct approaches. Many are personal and reflective, asking writers to articulate their own philosophy of education, leisure, or professional practice—particularly within nursing and teaching contexts. Others take a more analytical or expository angle, examining concepts like free will or engaging with religion through formats such as podcast responses. Some papers address applied social questions, including juvenile corrections and the inclusion of students with visual impairments, showing how philosophical frameworks inform policy and practice debates.

A strong philosophy essay begins with a clearly scoped thesis that stakes out a defined position or interpretive claim rather than simply summarizing ideas. Evidence drawn from personal experience, course readings, or real-world examples tends to carry weight when it is used to support a reasoned argument. The most common pitfall is writing too broadly—treating "philosophy" as an open invitation to discuss everything at once rather than focusing on one coherent question or concept and developing it with precision and depth.

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Paper Masters
Aviation Industry Political Drivers in the Aviation
The Aviation Industry is uniquely susceptible to the price variations of crude oil. Jet fuel is derived from crude oil, and while the world production of crude oil is declining the demand for travel by plane is only projected to increase. Reaching crisis shortages in 2020. I discuss alternatives and the responsibility of member's of the aviation industry to reduce their carbon footprint.
Paper Undergraduate
Legislating Morality in America
There is a common notion that morality cannot be legislated. In fact, all laws tend to legislate some moral principle. This paper looks at the definition of morality, moral reasoning, and how laws that attempted to force unpopular morals on people failed. The factors relating to successful legislation and philosophical aspects of morallity are discussed
Essay Doctorate
Exposition of Ruse\'s Darwin and Determinism
Are we the conscious authors of our actions or do our actions happen to us? A casual discussion of this critical question quickly deteriorates into an abstract metaphysical argument between determinism and free will and settles nothing. Instead of opposites, the experience of conscious will and psychological determinism can both be understood as evolutionary adaptations which function in tandem to promote the fitness of the individual. In Michael Ruse's Darwin and Determinism a biology-based discussion of evolutionary thought is presented and its implications on humanity's notions of free will. Ruse's major thrust is to present his perspective on biology and teleology. This perspective can be understood as arguing that one's motivations and decisions are inherently based on biological principles (food, sex, survival) and that there is no room for free will or an objective morality outside of biology. What moral choices we do make are instead the byproduct of selection acting on evolutionary variation. In short, Ruse argues that free will and morality are illusions masking the true deterministic framework of our minds which has been molded by evolution via natural selection. This position naturally has tremendous implications for ethics, philosophy and social policy.
Paper Doctorate
Hellenistic philosophy: major schools and ideas
. The Skeptics view anxiety as arising from the inability to ascertain right or wrong through the use of reason. Anxiety also arises through an immoderation in affect in the apprehension of the reality of evident things. Freedom from anxiety can be achieved by ceasing to ascertain reality of non-evident things through reason and to withhold judgment in such situations. According to the Epicureans, anxiety arises from an apprehension of an individual's inability to control events in life. The anxiety is exacerbated through belief in myths about gods. It can be reduced when human beings take actions to increase necessary natural desires in order to increase pleasure over pain. According to the Stoics, anxiety is created when individuals do not act in compliance with the laws of nature. Individuals need to achieve harmony with nature and adapt to the events that cannot be controlled by human effort. The anxiety can be reduced by acting according to the rules of nature. It may seem a rational approach to life because it helps to distinguish between when human beings are capable of influencing their own lives and when they are not. By this approach they can seek ways to achieve the end of mental tranquility.
Paper Undergraduate
Risk Management in British Hedge Funds
The most vital lesson in expressions of Hedge Fund Risk Management comes from the inadequate name of this kind of alternative investment that is an alternative: The notion that all methodical risks are differentiated away is not really applicable here, with the Hedge Fund returns, in realism, representing a mixture of superior administration of market inadequacies and cognizant contact to some exact systematic risks. Simply the methodical risks that are "unwanted" from a strategic standpoint are expanded away. So, hedge funds, in actual fact, are not completely hedged. Furthermore, the right measure that is in expressions of risk management contact moves from the jurisdiction of additional risk in contrast to a standard to a total risk method. Having the total return here is what really matters for administrators and depositors and not a contrast of the hedge fund presentation to some benchmark, like in other forms of funds.
Essay Doctorate
Managing Change in the Criminal Justice System
One organization within the American criminal justice system that has undergone significant changes during the last few decades is the parole board, which is the institution responsible for determining when a prisoner…
Paper Doctorate
Post-Modern 20th Century, Abstract Expression
¶ … post-modern 20th century, abstract expression and conceptualism dominated the visual art scene. Nevertheless, Tim Collins contended in 2009 that "the human figure holds an irresistible attraction for most people; it…
Paper Undergraduate
\"Cloistered Virtue\" and Democratic Freedom: Role of Education for American Christianity
This paper examines the philosophy of education through a historical and then through an explicitly Christian lens, with a focus on the political role of education, and the Christian philosophy of John Milton. Milton’s 1644 works Areopagitica and Of Education are invoked to justify the true Christian purpose of education as being exposure to the sort of free expression and free exchange of ideas that are guaranteed in America under the First Amendment.
Research Paper Doctorate
Philosophy concepts and applications
¶ … reason, God and religion with reference to ancient philosophers. These philosophers gave us some interesting views on the subject of God, which may prove helpful in understanding the nature of good in a world where…
Research Paper Doctorate
Philosophy concepts and key thinkers
¶ … Law for Aquinas is God and a True Example of Aristotle's Prime Mover