The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1498. This painting demonstrates the harmony of symmetrical balance. The focal point is Christ, with six disciples on each side of him. When compared to Venus, the mood in this painting is significantly somber. Venus depicts the joy of birth, while da Vinci's work focuses on the sorrow of the pain and death in the near future of Christ and his disciples.

St. George and the Dragon by Tintoretto was completed around the years 1555-8, and depicts a mythical Christian theme. In this painting, the central figure is not the focal point. Instead, he is in the background, while the painting is dominated by a fleeing female figure in the foreground and a heavenly figure towards the top of the painting. Like the Venus painting, nature appears to play an important role in the painting, with trees, sky and ocean forming….

Humanities
The Renaissance period changed the world, after the disasters, indecencies and barbarism of the dark ages it was a hope of light for mankind. It gave human beings the cultural upheaval; flourished in Europe it steadily transformed the way of living. The elements introduced and worked on in that era are still present in our daily lives, being enjoyed and cherished more or less by every human being. Its power introduced many new fields and transformed the existing ones; fields like philosophy, art and fine art, music, affairs of state, science, religion, literature and other scholarly aspects. It promoted creativity and introduced humanistic methodology to studies of natural sciences, praised Christianity as a religion and paved way for many inventions one still uses in everyday life. The focus of scholars back to historical texts, its reinterpretation and spread of simpler versions educated the masses in Europe. Among many uncountable contributions….

relationship love sexual desire Renaissance period . Do require, contradict ? I Philip Sidney's "Astrophil Stella" Edmund Spenser's "Amoretti' I love desire require .
Love and Desire in "Astrophil and Stella" and "Amoretti"

hereas the Middle Ages have been a period of censorship in everything related to human sexuality, the Renaissance era addressed a series of controversial concepts and actually promoted them as being a very important part of the human nature. People were typically inclined to believe that love has nothing to do with sexual desire and that it would be immoral for an individual to attempt to associate the latter with the sanctimonious concept of the former. Philip Sidney's "Astrophil and Stella" and Edmund Spenser's "Amoretti" put across ideas pointing toward the belief that love actually has a strong connection with desire and that they are in point of fact interdependent.

Throughout the Renaissance period, artists and philosophers focused on….

omen During the Renaissance Period
The Renaissance (14th to 16th centuries) in European history is widely considered to have been a period of "re-birth" and a turning point for the estern Civilization. It is believed to be the transitory period between the Middle Ages and the Modern Age when the social, cultural, and artistic conservatism of the Middle Age was replaced by the dynamic philosophy of humanism, which emphasized individualism and personal achievement. Despite assertions by historians such as Jacob Burckhardt to the contrary, most subsequent studies of the history of renaissance unfortunately reveal that this much-celebrated individualism almost totally bypassed half the population (the women) whose social, cultural, economic and political condition hardly changed during this period. In this paper we shall discuss the condition of women during the renaissance period, and explore the reasons behind it. e will also take a brief look at some women who, despite the….

Art History
The renaissance period was an important period in terms of culture, history and most importantly art. Art became a way to express ones views in politics, religion and society simply because one could imply subtle images or symbols that could convey their thoughts and opinions. There were many things therefore that inspired various artists in their art work. This paper will focus on Leonardo da Vinci as an artist where he drew his inspiration to for his art work. Leonardo started art around 1469 through apprenticeship from his father to the Verrocchio workshop. Leonardo quickly mastered the art and soon became god at it mastering the challenges that came with perspective art. He was a very famous artist and was known for many paintings in history such as the last supper, monalissa, the baptism of Christ, the annunciation, the battle of Aghiari and many more (Michalko, 2011).

enaissance Italy was….

enaissance and Baroque Periods
The term enaissance describes, not only a movement in art, but also a corresponding social and cultural movement that moved through Europe at the conclusion of the Middle Ages. The enaissance period lasted from the 1400s to the 1600s, and spread through most of Europe, though it is probably the most heavily associated with Italy. The term "renaissance" means revival or rebirth, and the enaissance did mark a period of significant cultural revival. In order to truly understand the enaissance, it is important to understand that the Middle Ages, the time period preceding the enaissance was a period of retraction largely due to political instability. However, as Europe emerged from the Middle Ages and became more stable, the surrounding social landscape became supportive of an explosion in the arts and learning. The movement began in Italy in the 1400s and spread into France, northern Europe, and Spain….

In terms of Renaissance philosophy, Galileo Galilei is an example of a humanist who strongly defended the gradual flourishing and subsistence to the scientific revolution happening in his society during the Renaissance period. Galileo was a strong advocate for the usage of science in discovering truth and new knowledge, using the principles of mathematics and philosophy in strengthening the study of astronomy and physics in the society. Through Galileo, the nature of free scientific inquiry prevailed, challenging, though not condemning, philosophical and theological issues that cannot empirically answer truth and reality in life. Dante Alighieri's "Inferno," meanwhile, is a literary piece that represented his inquiry into the spiritual and humanistic foundations of human existence during his time. In a period wherein theological foundations and philosophies are being questioned, Dante's "Inferno" confronted the moral and spiritual issues being questioned by Dante and his society during this challenging period of Renaissance.
Following….

renaissance paintings- VIGIN AND CHILD
Art has always been an important tool for understanding various eras and their influence. It has served as a reflection of the times during which it was created and for this reason, art is considered a very sensitive medium. It quickly absorbs the changes that witnesses in the surrounding culture and society. It is impossible for art to remain static and uninfluenced in the wake of societal upheaval. enaissance art therefore is a completely distinctive breed as it reflects the massive transformation in political and religious mood of the society. It depicts the changes that enaissance era underwent. While some painters paid closer attention to political problems that occurred during 14 and 15th century AD, others focused mainly on religious changes. These changes are most prominent in the several enaissance paintings that depict Virgin and Child theme.

Unlike the dogmatic nature of religious beliefs observed during medieval….

enaissance and early twentieth century art offer an interesting study in comparison because of their distinctive styles. It is the objective of this paper to describe the definitive characteristics of each period through comparing aphael's Alba Madonna to Salvador Dali's The Persistence of Memory.
enaissance art is reputed for the unified balance achieved between pictorial considerations of measurable space and the effects of light and color on the one hand, and the artist's personal expression on the other (Pioch, 2002). This unity is evident in aphael's Alba Madonna, a painting that represents the artist's unique style of sweetness of expression. The painting is remarkable because of the manner in which aphael has succeeded in addressing a serious subject within a backdrop of a serene countryside. Indeed, it can be said that he was able to do this precisely because of the use of symmetry, namely, the round format that succeeds in….

Matthew from the Gospel Book made for Archbishop Ebb of Reims, circa 816 to 835 C.E. This illumination which measures about 10 by 8 inches portrays a rather frail-looking saint with his hair almost standing on end and his garment twisted around on his body and deeply wrinkled, perhaps from sitting much too long at his table while transcribing passages for a new edition of the Holy Bible. There is almost no background or landscape in this illumination but what there is of it appears very unnatural and sketchy. Also, the proportions of the saint's body appears to be somewhat unnatural, not to mention his face which appears to be almost a caricature or a cartoon of a real human face.
Also, the expression on the saint's face makes him look as if he is not enjoying the task at hand, being the writing down via dictation from the tiny….

It is of extreme importance in medicine to know accurately the anatomical changes that take place in a certain disease for diagnosis and treatment. The man who created this science was Morgagni who taught us to think anatomically in our approach of a disease. Morgagni studied at Bologna under Valsalva and Albertini, who are notable persons themselves in the history of medicine. Morgagni did this in the form of letters to an unknown friend who inquired about Morgagni's thoughts and observations in the diseases he had seen. These included affections of the pericardium, diseases of the valves, ulceration, rupture, dilation and hypertrophy of the aorta which were detailedly described clinically and anatomically. Of all his entires, the section on aneurysm of the aorta is one of the best he had written. A good example of his letter was about angina pectoris.

The aorta was considerably dilated at its curvature; and, in….

Humanism:
The idea of humanism started in Italy in the 14th Century and thrived throughout the 15th Century. During this period, Italians placed a significant emphasis on education and increasing knowledge, particularly that of the classical ancient times. The Italians also promoted the exploration of human potential, desire to excel, and the devotion to civic responsibility and moral duty. The link between humanism and education and culture appealed to people of high status to an extent that the idea of humanism had its greatest influence on the elite and powerful individuals ("15th Century Italy," n.d.). Given its impact on the then philosophy, the ideas of humanism permeated art from the enaissance onwards.

The ideas of humanism permeated art from the enaissance onwards because of the greatest impact of humanism on the elite and powerful individuals who had the ability to commission art. Actually, the enaissance was a by-product of the artistic….

Perhaps, the woman did give birth to a healthy child and then died, then this portrait would be in the nature of memorializing the wife of the man in this picture and the mother of his heir preserving for the child a likeness of the child's mother since the mother was no longer living and present in the lives of the family.
This is the only double portrait of its kind painted during the Renaissance period that is known and as related in the foregoing material, women were always pictured from a profile view with their hair severely pulled back away from their face and their gaze averted from the viewer since women were believed to be seductresses of men making them weak or otherwise castrating them with rejection though only casting a gaze in their direction.

The hands of the man are displayed in this portrait and he appears to….

Renaissance was beginning to influence Italian painters in adapting their style in order for it to fit the needs of a more advanced world. Fra Angelico is recognized as one of the great early Italian painters from the Renaissance. In his work of decorating the Dominican Monastery of San Marco, he mastered a painting style that was reported to have been partly inspired from Masaccio, with his paintings expressing motion and being filled with linear perspective meant to suggest depth of space.

It had been a common thing for the wealthy and most important families of Florence to hire talented painters to paint for them. Sandro Botticelli had been just one of the many Renaissance painters to paint for the Medici family. Even if Botticelli had spent a large part of his time working for great families, he still found time to perform additional paintings such as the one in Vatican,….

renaissance -- Baroque Music
RENAISSANCE & BAROQUE MUSIC:

A COMPARISON

The music associated with the Renaissance Period, beginning circa 1450 and ending about 1600, brought about a number of significant changes as compared to its predecessor, being the Medieval Period. Musically, the Renaissance Period introduced the use of polyphony and saw the rise of the cantus firmus mass as Europe's first major musical form; in addition, there was an emergence of national schools of composition, a birth of new secular forms, the beginning of truly instrumental music and a series of inter-related developments, such as the use of monody and the bass continuo.

With polyphony, all of the musical parts are considered to be of equal importance and when combined produce not only an independent horizontal movement but also a vertical, being a combination of chords. The composers of the "ars nova," such as Guillaume de Machaut, created music of great lyrical quality as….

1. The Role of Ivan the Terrible in the Foundation of Russia
2. The Impact of Mongol Rule on the Development of Russia
3. The Influence of Byzantine Culture on the Formation of Russia
4. The Importance of Christianity in Uniting and Shaping Early Russian Society
5. The Expansion of Russia under Peter the Great
6. The Reforms of Catherine the Great and their Impact on Russian Society
7. The Role of Serfdom in the Russian Economy and Society
8. The Impact of the Decembrist Revolt on the Development of Russian Political Thought
9. The Role of the Russian Orthodox Church in Shaping Russian Identity
10. The Legacy of....