Change Ford, Ford and d'Amelio note that most change literature takes the view that resistance to change is irrational and dysfunctional. If this is the view that is taken by the actual change agents, it is not hard to see that the change agents themselves could be contributing to resistance to change. Resistance cannot always be interpreted as self-serving or irrational (two things that are contradictory, it should be noted). The

When the perceived role and the expected role are incongruent, conflict can occur both between the leader and his followers, and within himself. This can result in a slowdown in production, a lowering of morale and resistance to changes that the leader may be trying to implement (Robbins & Judge, 2007). According to Shafritz & Ott (2005) an organization is essentially a tool that people use to coordinate their actions

The offering of financial incentives, in the form of salary increases, premiums and bonuses, is often the most popular means of employee motivation. Non-financial means, such as flexible working schedules or promotion opportunities, also constitute a powerful source of stimulated employees (Bruce, 2002). The realization of the important role played by the staff members within the Smith & Falmouth Company would lead to several beneficial effects. At an individual level,

John P. Kotter's Leading Change Businesses of all types and sizes are in constant need of solid leadership in an increasingly globalized and competitive marketplace. One authority that has provided seminal guidance in organizational leadership is Dr. John P. Kotter, Professor of Leadership at Harvard Business School. This paper provides a critical analysis of the leadership viewpoints expounded in Kotter's text, Leading Change (1996). A discussion concerning the major themes,

The variability in problems faced by the King Edward Hospital NHS Trust during the period in question, instigated a multi-level response in knowledge sharing and inclusion on practice. Kotter's theory relies upon such a method, where strategies are an exercise multi-tiered obligation. As Kotter points out, the transformation model may not be suitable for organizations that are in pursuit of prompt change, and the series of responsibilities which result from

Organizational Research and Theory Change methods are actions that managers undertake to handle change. There are two types, systematic methods and management methods. Management methods are more involving and broader than systematic methods (Al-Haddad & Kotnour, 2015, p. 248). Many writers have come up with various methods of change management, including: Steps of the Change Models of Kotter and Lewin a) Kurt Lewin's model has three phases including the unfreezing stage, the actual