Anomic Aphasia is also known as nominal aphasia, dysnomia, and amnesic aphasia and refers to a disorder that generates difficulties in recalling names or words. This brain disorder is considered as a dearth of expressive language that makes it difficult for an individual to recall names or words. In addition, patients suffering from anomic aphasia experience...
Anomic Aphasia is also known as nominal aphasia, dysnomia, and amnesic aphasia and refers to a disorder that generates difficulties in recalling names or words. This brain disorder is considered as a dearth of expressive language that makes it difficult for an individual to recall names or words. In addition, patients suffering from anomic aphasia experience difficulties in recalling numbers. While an individual has clear understanding of what he/she is attempting to name or write, he/she requires a relatively long period of time to recall it or may experience tremendous challenges in articulating the word, name or numbers. In some cases, patients suffering from anomic aphasia produce jargon words or other words when attempting to recall or express certain words, names or numbers. The other symptom of this condition is the inability for a patient to identify the appropriate word for an object or individual through he/she has the capability to speak with correct grammar.
The underlying brain structures that act as the causes of anomic aphasia is impaired parietal lobe or temporal lobe. When some parts of the parietal lobe or temporal lobe are damaged a brain trauma/congenital condition, an individual begins experiencing difficulties in recalling words, names or numbers. Brain trauma/congenital condition can contribute to anomic aphasia through affecting Broca's area, which is the brain's speech production center (Gupta & Singhal, 2011). In addition, damages to the brain's Wernicke's area, which compresses speech in the brain, contribute to this condition. However, recent studies have indicated that the major cause of anomic aphasia is damages to the left parietal lobe. Such damages are regarded as the main causes of anomic aphasia in patients because they affect the deeper white matter in the brain. Effect on the white matter deeper in the brain then affects an individual's ability to recall and sometimes comprehend words, names or numbers.
Dementia due to a neurodegenerative disorder is one of the disorders of brain development during aging. This condition is among neurodegenerative disorders that are brought by the loss of function of the central nervous system and inability to coordinate muscles effectively, which in turn contributes to cell death. Similar to the other neurodegenerative disorders i.e. Alzheimer's and Parkinson diseases, dementia is caused by toxins, genetic factors, chemicals, and viruses. Dementia is commonly associated with depressive symptoms because of its disruptions in cognitive, emotional, and social behavior. The cognitive symptoms of this condition include confusion and disorientation, memory loss and difficulties in planning, coordination and motor functions, problem-solving, and communication. The other symptoms include hallucinations, depression, agitations, anxiety, personality changes, unsuitable behavior, and paranoia (Baquero & Martin, 2015).
The diagnosis of dementia due to a neurodegenerative disorder is a relatively complex process because of the cognitive and emotional factors involved. However, functional imaging on the brain is utilized for diagnosis of this condition such as CT, PET scans and MRI. Physicians carry out several tests since no single test can effectively diagnose dementia. Therefore, the other additional tests include physical examination, examination of medical history, laboratory tests, and psychiatric evaluation. The current treatment options for dementia include pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment approaches. The pharmacological treatments include estrogen, antioxidants, cholinergic therapies, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Garand, Buckwalter & Hall, 2000). On the contrary, non-pharmacological treatments include psychological counseling and psychotherapy that focus on addressing the cognitive and behavioral factors relating to the disease.
References
Baquero, M. & Martin, N. (2015, August 16). Depressive Symptoms in Neurodegenerative Diseases. World Journal of Clinical Cases, 3(8), 682-693.
Garand, L., Buckwalter, K.C. & Hall, G.R. (2000, February). The Biological Basis of Behavioral Symptoms in Dementia. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 21(1), 91-107.
Gupta, A. & Singhal, G. (2011). Understanding Aphasia in a Simplified Manner. Journal, Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine, 12(1), 32-37.
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