The dome of the cathedral in Florence had to be similar in effect -- and due to its size, architects were stumped as to how to create such a dome without it collapsing under its own weight (Mencher).
Brunelleschi turned, so the story goes, to an egg for inspiration: what Florence wanted was an egg-shaped dome atop its cathedral -- so the city asked its architects to show how they would make an egg stand up without any supports; none could do it, except Brunelleschi: to demonstrate how this would be possible, Brunelleschi took an egg, hammered the end of it against marble and thus stood it up. The story may be apocryphal but it gets to the heart of the matter: "The basic concept behind Brunneleschi's dome is using an egg like shape but also somewhat relates to the flying buttresses and the double dome construction" that Brunelleschi studied (Mencher) -- like the dome of the Pantheon, "which included pouring Roman concrete over a massive timber frame" (PBS). Brunelleschi created essentially a barrel-like structure, with nine rings serving as a frame going round the octagonal structure of the dome, itself supported by half domes at its base. He gave the main dome a skeleton that would then be layered over using a "herringbone pattern of masonry" (Mencher). Hoisting the materials up to workers required the invention of a ratchet-gear type of machine. The marvel of the dome is in its engineering: Brunelleschi managed to recreate the feeling of a vaulted Heaven within the Florence Cathedral -- a massive dome with no visible support structure. The religious symbolism of Heaven manifested in the Dome is thus combined with the classical principle of "hiding" the strings holding it up. Indeed, its appearance is wholly Gothic in appearance -- a style that had emerged out of France in the 12th century -- but its architectural design is synonymous with the designs of the classical period (Hartt). In this manner, Brunelleschi bridged the Gothic and the Classical or neo-classical within the Renaissance -- uniting two fronts under a single roof, which in and of itself symbolized the effect that Christendom and the Christian ethic had.
Brunelleschi would do more to blend the religious with the mathematical and classical principles to take the Renaissance in a new direction: the Basilica of San Lorenzo -- the Old Sacristy in particular -- would stand as a monument to the new and "modern" concept of proportion, unity and classical order/harmony. With its religious purpose firmly intact and at the center of the work -- this sacristy was designed to serve a as a side altar in the church. Brunelleschi designed the entire church and one of its novelties was the use of arches that were purely aesthetic --…
St. Peter's Basilica is located in Vatican City, and was consecrated in 1626 (Saint). It is among the largest of the world's churches and is considered to be one of the holiest of Catholic sites on the planet. The church's namesake, St. Peter, is buried there, as well, and believed to be located directly below the altar (Saint). There has been a churched located on that site since Roman Times,
Indeed, the first use of the term 'architect' as against 'master mason' in France dates from 1511 and reflects the increasing influence of Italian ideas" ( P88). Heller goes on to state that "…humanist learning in architecture not only raised the status of the architect, it also helped to foster a new division of labor in construction…"( Heller 88). 1.4. Significance The innovative design that was exhibited in this construction was
Each sculpture has a style and beauty all its own, and each shows the style and message of the artist. It is clear the styles changed as these sculptures were created. Michelangelo's DAVID is classical Greek style, with fluid lines and a muscular body that is very pleasant to look at. Bernini's DAVID is a man, while Michelangelo's is clearly a young boy, and Donatello's looks like a dandy or
The professional manager held ultimate responsibility for construction, while the designer's authority with respect to the client receded. on-site work done by subcontractors was managed by large general contractors who provided the supervising engineers, and did not necessarily have to adhere to the designers places (Cuff 33). This change was a direct consequence of the arrangement of work in the Industrial Revolution, where specialisation was given new dimensions and
Michelangelo and the RenaissanceMichelangelo was one of the greatest artists of the High Renaissance. He began his career with the chisel and ended it with the paint brush. He was a master in sculpture, engineering, and painting. Had he excelled in poetry, politics and arms he would have been considered a true Renaissance Man�but his focus was always on art. He spent 20 years of his life on the Sistine
1)" Yuen 10. However, in order to consistently be successful in this profession and in the completion of projects, there is a significant more amount of consideration and work to be done within this field. These additional considerations form an indelible component of the present research, which has stratified these concerns in ways that are germane to the proper implementation of project management, and which should not merely focus