Sign Up Now
Get instant access to over 1 million+ study documents
OR
Already registered? click here to login
By creating your account, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and student honor code.
Peel's Metropolitan Police were the first modern police force (Grant & Terry, 2012).
Modern police forces were established in the United States in the 1830s and 1840s. As in England, the old system of law enforcement broke down due to urbanization, industrialization, and immigration. Americans borrowed most of the features of modern policing from London: the mission of crime prevention, the strategy of visible patrol over fixed beats, and the quasi-military organizational structure (Walker & Katz, 2011).
The terrorist attacks of 9/11 have resulted in some police agencies becoming involved in matters related to homeland security. Since these attacks police departments have been expanding into new areas of investigation and working more closely with federal law enforcement, intelligence agencies, and the military. Additionally, departments have increased their levels of surveillance over their communities, and are paying more attention to the safety of critical infrastructure (Walker & Katz, 2011).
The first municipal police agency to expend a significant amount of resources toward homeland security was the New York City Police Department (NYPD). In 2002, Police Commissioner Raymond W. Kelly established a Counterterrorism Bureau. As a result, New York City police officers are stationed in such cities...
Many feel this kind of attention to homeland security diverts attention and resources away from more traditional policing responsibilities.
According to Walker and Katz (2012) most general service law enforcement agencies, and most police officers, are not involved with issues related to homeland security. Typically police agencies focus on issues of local concern and unless a suspected terrorist is believed to be in the agency's jurisdiction, most local police departments do not expend a substantial amount of resources toward searches for terrorists. However, some local police agencies have become more involved with protecting particular places from potential terrorist activity. This effort has largely involved developing emergency response plans and providing preventative patrols in locations where the risks of terrorism are higher, such as stadiums, parks, and other locations that host large public gatherings. While some local police agencies participate in homeland security efforts, homeland security plays a small role in most police organizations.
References
Grant, H.B. & Terry, K.J. (2012). Law enforcement in the 21st century, 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education Inc.
Walker, S. & Katz, C.M. (2011). The police in America, 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Police History Analyze the relationship between the U.S. government and the policing organizations throughout the United States. The relationship between the U.S. government and policing organizations is loosely coordinated. This means that local agencies will determine what personnel they hire and how different resources are utilized. In some cases, the various departments work for specific entities such as: colleges / universities or transit departments. Evidence of this can be seen with observations
Police Administration; Structures, Processes, And Behaviors 8th Edition The Evolution of Police Administration Over the centuries, police administration has evolved in several important respects including how police have been organized and what they considered their core strategy for providing value to the communities they serve (Perry, 2001). It is argued that the present police work is not very different from previous police work performed by the London Bobbies in 1829 and the
Furthermore, there is often a veil of silence from witnesses in these types of assaults, which makes investigation very difficult. However, when an officer exercises the discretion to treat these incidents as lesser-crimes, he reinforces the devaluation of the gang members and actually increases the validity of the gang culture. Furthermore, gang violence does not occur in isolation, and it is unfair to the non-criminal members of gang-afflicted communities
Too little, for what matters is that he knows he is being watched and too much, because he has no need in fact of being so (Alford, 2000). Bentham laid down the principle that power should be visible and unverifiable. Visible in that the inmate would constantly have before him the tall outline of the central tower from which he was watched. Unverifiable in that the inmate must never know
History Policing, the Law Enforcement Industry America, Police Role Society and the Functions Policing America; a critical analysis A critical analysis: History Policing; the Law Enforcement Industry America; Police Role Society and the Functions Policing America History of Policing Formalized local government-based policing in America began in the late 1820s in the largest American cities. Early police officers were not considered to be professional with respect to social status. In fact, the terms
Police Describe the impact of Sir Robert Peel on American policing Sir Robert Peel was not an American police officer, or an American politician. He served twice as the Prime Minister of Britain as a Tory, passing a series of significant laws. Part of Peel's concern was in the field of criminal justice and law enforcement. He helped pass major prison reform legislation and also established the first significant metropolitan police force