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Endowments1
An endowment is a monetary gift to a non-profit organization. Typically, the principal is used to earn interest, dividends or a return on investment. Oftentimes, the entire principal that a non-profit like a university, for example, has is referred to as its endowment. The principal is preserved while the return is used for a variety of functions, from charity to expansion and so on.
There are four different types of endowments that exist. These are: term, unrestricted, restricted and quasi. Term endowments set a term on the donation—i.e., the money can only be spent after the term has expired. The term can be a certain amount of time or an event (like a death)—but whatever it is, the money must only be used for investment purposes until the term has ended, then the gift can be spent however the organization sees fit. The unrestricted endowment can be spent however the receiving organization desires, whenever it wants. There are no restrictions. The restricted endowment cannot ever be spent; its principal can only be used to obtain a return on investment and these earnings, whether they come from interest or dividends, are what may be spent by the organization. The quasi endowment is often constructed by the organization as a way to protect the principal of an endowment. It usually...
Each of these types of institutions can be the recipient of endowments so long as they are non-profit institutions.
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The difference among trust, estate, gifts and endowment are numerous. A trust is set up by a grantor, who places assets under the control or management of a trustee, who oversees the assets for the beneficiaries. A trust is often used to save on taxes and protect assets. An estate is all of the property that is owned by a person at the time of the individual’s death. So a trust may be something that is set up earlier as a means of transferring wealth into something that is out of the possession of the individual so that it is not divvied up among inheritors at the time of death. Gifts are legal transfers of assets to the recipient. Unlike a trust, where the trustee has legal title but is not necessarily the beneficiary, the gift owner has both legal title and is the beneficiary.…
That irony is not lost on many of the high technology executives who at one time advocated disintermediating their entire dealer channel and taking their largest customers direct only to discover that trust is the greatest catalyst of efficient transactions of all (Smith, Manna, 2004, 377, 378). 4. Why Disintermediation Failed to Live Up to the Hype Before discussing the reasons why disintermediation failed to live up to the hype associated with
Professional Student Athletes The Raw Numbers Eligibility Advantages of Sport Research Questions or Research Hypotheses Selection of Subjects Assumptions or Limitations Data Processing and Analysis SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS Questions related to academic priority Questions related to role models Questions related to advantages Implications for Practice Questions related to support and pressure Implications for Practice Implications for Research and Resultant Recommendations High school sports are for some students a fond memory, for other students the golden ticket to the land of opportunity. For most students, it
Such relationships in childhood begin with the parents, and for Asher, these early relationships are also significant later, as might be expected. However, as Potok shows in this novel, for someone like Asher, the importance of childhood bonds and of later intimate bonds are themselves stressed by cultural conflicts between the Hasidic community in its isolation and the larger American society surrounding it. For Asher, the conflict is between the
America's engagement with China, with historic ice-breaking between the two countries carried out by Henry Kissinger, has been complicated. I would suggest that it were the U.S. domestic preoccupations and compulsions that did not allow me to take any bold stance on the issue of Dalai Lama. I disagree with notion that U.S. betrayed the cause of human rights while not choosing to visit Dalai Lama. It must not be
It's a personalization of the professional sports world, and this personalization over time has helped to legitimize the "amateur" world of college athletics. Another major catalyst for college sports developing and evolving away from the "amateur" label is the fact that the rise of sports betting on college teams has been quite dramatic over the past two decades. There is little doubt that college athletic competitions are heavily wagered on,
(Snyder & DeBono quoted in Kjeldal 2003, Introduction section, ¶ 6). The results from the study Kjeldal (2003) conducted with 70 participants in two stages suggest that the word association responses high self-monitors (HSMs) produce reflect selective activation of a personally meaningful, experiential, system. The responses low self-monitors (LSMs) produce, on the other hand, indicate an intellective factual system. 2. Decision Making Process Theories Dr. Bonnie Halpern-Felsher (2009), an Associate Professor at