Frozen Fluidity
The transfer model of learning, when taken to its extreme, assumes the act of teaching implies that learning occurs (Schraube & Marvakis, 2015). From this perspective, as long as the teacher teaches, the student will learn. The flow of knowledge is therefore unidirectional. More contemporary theories of learning account for an individual student's motivation, willingness, and ability to learn, while other models incorporate reciprocal interactions between teacher and student. When the student seeks to expand their influence over their lives, through a process called expansive learning, society necessarily influences the learning choices made by the student because expanding one's influence over their life requires consideration of cultural and social expectations. Learning can therefore be a mechanism through which a person increases their ability to make cultural and social contributions, which in turn increases their value to society and thus security. The expansive learning process, according to Schraube and Marvakis (2015), takes place at brick-n-mortar colleges and universities.
The expansive learning process stands in stark contrast to the digital revolution in formal learning environments (Schraube & Marvakis, 2015). Once again, the transfer model appears to be emerging as the dominant model in the learning 'marketplace.'...
Social Influence Can Undermine the Wisdom of Crowd Effect" by Lorenz and colleagues (2010) demonstrates how social context can really have a strong influence on the way in which social groups can sway the way in which conflict is perceived. This article demonstrates how even the mildest social influence can undermine the wisdom of a crowd in simple estimation activities (Lorenz et al., 2010). In this experiment, participants were
Social influence is the way in which one or more people alter the attitudes or the behavior of others the mere presence of others can change our behavior, as illustrated by the results from studies in which research participants perform some task either alone or in the presence of others. Typically, people in groups perform better (social facilitation), but sometimes their performance is worse in a group or with an
The article by Kimmel (1999), besides the analysis of the trend towards learning, points out that learning is a process that must be guided and managed. This means that new methods and techniques must be established within the industry to make cultural and environmental learning an integrated and effective part of ecotourism. Leadership and guidance are therefore emphasized as essential in this process. Ecotourism not only benefits the environment but
Travis Hirschi's Social Bonding Theory The theorist, Hirschi, asserts that those who exhibit deviant behavior desire to do so and that criminal behavior is seen among people with weak social bonds. In his social bonding model, he delineated four elements which make up social bonds, namely, attachment to partner/spouse, engagement in conforming behaviors, holding conventional beliefs and values, and dedication to conventionality (Wolfzorn, Heckert & Heckert, 2006). The theorist indicates that
Social and Cultural Theory Study Guide Karl Marx Karl Marx was a prolific German social philosopher who is renowned for his exceptional theories related to modern socialism and communism. Marx strongly believed that the recent times have changed the value of man. According to Marx, people are no longer valued for who they are, but they are categorized assessing their importance and participation in the production of products/goods. In the present time,
Learning a Second Language Psychological Aspects of Learning Psychological Aspects of Learning a Second Language A foreign or second language "L2" can be defined as a language that is studied in such environment where it is not the common language for daily interaction. The reasons for learning second language (L2) vary from person to person because different people learn a second language for different purposes. Some learn it for enjoyment and internal satisfaction
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