Measurements and Assessments Psychology and Testing

PSYCHOLOGY AND TESTING

Psychology and Testing: Measurements and Assessments

Test and Assessment Development Analysis: Test One

WAIS-IV

The value 102 for FSIQ is 102. FSIQ signifies the full-scale IQ level of the patient, which is average for the selected patient. It is said that 130 and above is considered superior FSIQ, while 90 to 109 is average (Washington Center for Cognitive Therapy, n.d.). The value below 69 for FSIQ is claimed as intellectually deficient.

VCI indicates a verbal comprehension index for a person’s ability to comprehend and understand the spoken language. The ability of the patient to think and make meaning of the language she hears and speaks is demonstrated by this measure. The value of 105 is an average depiction of the patient’s comprehension of the language.

PRI is the measure that shows the perceptual reasoning index. It is the individual’s skills for appropriately thinking and interpreting the given visual information. It is more related to nonverbal thinking patterns and the preceptory analysis of the patient. The given score of 107 is considered average for the 35-year-old African American woman.

WMI is the denotation of the working memory index. The very name suggests that the individual can hold information after taking it in with alert mental capabilities to perform accordingly. It could be related to mental operations on numbers like addition, subtraction, etc. A score of 92 for the selected patient implies an average classification for her memory condition.

PSI is the processing speed index for an individual who would be evaluated for processing simple information and the time taken to process it. The quickness and efficiency with which he can determine the facts and give a monitor or visual speed for it would be measured by this index. A score of 100 is an average category within which the current patient falls.

The cultural concerns about her impact on the effectiveness of the test administration could be uncertainty that they might feel with healthcare professionals. Research has suggested that African Americans are more comfortable with doctors of the same ethnicity as racism fears linger in their minds, and people of the same color are perceived as support by them (Guffey & Yang, 2012). Ethical issues include nonmaleficence, autonomy, justice, and beneficence (Peters, 2014).

Test and Assessment Development Analysis: Test Two

MMPI-2 Clinical

MMPI-2 contains ten clinical scales that show certain mental health indexes leading to the condition that might or might not need intervention. The first scale for the patient is Hypochondriasis (HS), a mental disorder in which the patient suffers from health anxiety that they might get ill. A score of 86 for the African American woman suggests that she needs intervention since the scores are based on T-scores. A T-score above 65 means intervention is needed, a T-score between 45 and 54 indicates average results, and no interpretation might be needed. In contrast, a T-score below 45 is extremely low, needing no interpretation (University of Minnesota Press, n.d.).

The second scale is for depression (D), for which the patient scored 112, which is quite high and needs intervention. The next scale is hysteria (HY), for which the patient scored 87, again suggesting a need for interpretation as a result is higher than 65. Psychopathic deviate (PD) is the score that the patient earned a value of 66. It is just above the cut score of 65, which would propose a slight need for intervention.

Another score within MMPI-2 is masculinity-femininity (MF) which is 55 for the patient. It shows an average score that does not need any interpretation. Paranoia (PA) is the state where an individual feels that he is threatened even if there is no evidence (Semel, 2015). The scope for the selected patient for this index is 67, which means it is slightly above 65 and might need an intervention. Psychasthenia (PT) tells about a person’s phobias or obsessions about certain things or notions that could be detrimental to his psychological health. The patient’s score for this index is 86, which is considerably higher, and intervention must be suggested.

Schizophrenia (SC) is the most common disorder observed in patients with psychological disturbances. The patient under observation scored 90 for this index, which indicates a need for an intervention as it is higher than the cut score of 65. Another scale included in MMPI-2 is hypomania (MA); the patient scored 41. It is much lower than the cut score of 65, for which an average result is witnessed. An interpretation is not necessarily required for this scale. The tenth scale of MMPI-2 is called social introversion (SI). The selected patient gave a score of 74, which is an indication that an intervention is needed. The said score is higher than the cut score of 65, for which an intervention becomes essential.

The cultural and ethical concerns remain the same, as were mentioned in the previous section.

MMPI-2 Content

The anxiety score for the African American patient is 79, demonstrated as fairly low for healthy psychological conditions as tension and worry are high on this index. The patient requires intervention, so the score becomes lower than the recommended cut score. FRS shows fears related to certain objects like height, snakes, dark, spiders or fires, etc. The patient scored 41, which shows there is no such fear that disturbs the patient and does not require intervention.

OBS is about obsessiveness which could be fanatical thoughts about a specific phenomenon, leading the patients sometimes to become aggressive about it. The score on this scale is 63, slightly lower than the cut score where an intervention is needed. For now, it is deemed that the patient is not in a borderline condition.

DEP is depression that involves easily getting irritated, crying, feeling sad at all times, feeling worthless, etc. The patient scored 82, which is extremely higher than the cutting score of 65. Thus, medical intervention is required. In addition, HEA is the health condition and relevant concerns that might be risky for the patient. The African American woman showed a score of 81, which means a medical intervention should be generated in the patient’s way.

BIZ is the bizarre mentation revolving around paranoia and possible hallucinations. The patient under observation scored 39 on the discussion scale, indicating that intervention is not required. Finally, ANG depicts the anger scale where aggression takes over the patient easily, and she might lose control over her impulses. The patient scored 50 on this scale, which is not problematic as intervention is not needed below 65.

CYN is the cynicism scale for which the patient scored 35. The score tells that it is a fairly low condition that does not specifically need attention for interventional purposes. ASP is an anti-social practice that similar patients might not be interested in engaging in. The patient under observation scored 39 for the same index, which again does not need attention for medical aid. TPA is the Type-A condition in which the individual might show high impatience, hostile behavior, and insensitivity. The African American woman scored 43, which also does not show serious concern.

LSE discusses low self-esteem, which is common in such patients as African American women. She scored a high 73, which is risky as low self-esteem might add to her depression, catering to the need for an intervention. Moreover, since she is an introvert, as depicted by a previous score, SOD is the social discomfort she usually experiences when she is among people. Her social avoidance score is 84, which is high and needs an intervention.

The patient does not show any family problems, and this is said based on the results of her score for FAM (family problems). The score is 42, which is utterly low than the cut score of 65, so no interpretation is needed. Work interferences (WRK) are the difficulties that the patient might undergo as she would have trouble communicating with others or might show negative attitudes towards them. Her score of 73 is a sign that an intervention is essential for her in this case. Lastly, TRT (negative treatment indicator) is about her discomfort or confusion towards the healthcare professionals as she is already paranoid, which was evident from her previous score. Her TRT score is 79, indicating that she needs an intervention to change her beliefs.