Verified Document

Psychological And Emotional Stress Experienced Term Paper

Related Topics:

.." (Oriol W.) a study by Butler, Lewis and Sunderland (1991) also amplifies this data and refers to the increase of depressive moods in the elderly which can also lead to extreme states of stress. These factors are obviously compounded by the events and trauma in natural disasters and can lead to severe psychological problems in the elderly. Another factor that is often mentioned is transfer trauma. This occurs when the elderly have to be suddenly moved from their normal environment or home during disasters. This can cause extreme stress and disorientation in older people, who have become dependent and accustomed to their surrounding and may fear losing their support system.

In conclusion, all of the above factors emphasize that natural disasters can increase and exacerbate stress and anxiety in the elderly and possibly lead to serious psychological issues. Perceptions and feelings of vulnerability have been found to be an important contributing factor. At the same it is also important to realize that studies also show that older people can be more resilient to natural disasters than is often thought to be the case. This can be due to adaptive factors and coping techniques learnt over the years. Javois (1998) notes that volunteering is relatively high among the older populations of America, which tends to indicate strength rather then weakness in the elderly.

Bibliography

Butler, R.N., Lewis, M., and Sunderland, T. (1991) Aging and Mental Health.

Positive Psychosocial and Biomedical Approaches, Fourth Edition.

New York: Merrill

Care for the growing number of elderly people in developing countries needs to be addressed. Retrieved September 24, 2006, at http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/316/7141/1387/a#B2

Erickson, E.H. (1959) Identity and the Life Cycle: Selected Papers. New York:

International Universities Press.

Javois, L. (1998) U.S. Virgin Islands Division of Mental Health. Interview.

February 1998 in Oriol W. Psychosocial Issues for Older Adults in Disasters. Retrieved September 24, 2006, at http://64.233.161.104/search?q=cache:hRBuxs9qaZwJ:media.shs.net/ken/pdf/SMA99-3323/99-821.pdf+the+psychological+and+emotional+stress+experienced+by+older+adults+as+a+result+of+natural+disasters&hl=en&gl=za&ct=clnk&cd=2&lr=lang_en

(1988). The Experience of Old Age: Stress,
Coping, and Survival. New York: Basic Books. Retrieved September 25, 2006, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=65319982

Livneh, H., Livneh, C.L., Maron, S., & Kaplan, J. (1996). A Multidimensional

Approach to the Study of the Structure of Coping with Stress. Journal of Psychology, 130(5), 501-512. Retrieved September 24, 2006, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=76931675

Old age. Retrieved September 24, 2006, at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senior_citizen

Oriol W. Psychosocial Issues for Older Adults in Disasters. Retrieved September 24, 2006 at http://64.233.161.104/search?q=cache:hRBuxs9qaZwJ:media.shs.net/ken/pdf/SMA99-3323/99-821.pdf+the+psychological+and+emotional+stress+experienced+by+older+adults+as+a+result+of+natural+disasters&hl=en&gl=za&ct=clnk&cd=2&lr=lang_en

Sanders, a.B., (Ed.) (1996) Emergency Care of the Elder Person. Winton,

Connecticut: Beverly Publications1996.

Wisner, B., Blaikie, P., Cannon, T., & Davis, I. (2003). At Risk: Natural Hazards,

People's Vulnerability, and Disasters. New York: Routledge. Retrieved September 27, 2006, from Questia database:

http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=107540836

World Health Organisation. (1995) the world health report 1995: bridging the gaps. Geneva: WHO, 1995.

In the United States the percentage of people 65 or older increased from 4% in 1900 to about 13% in the late 1990s. In 1900, only about 3 million of the nation's people had reached 65. By 1998, the number of senior citizens had increased to about 34 million. Population experts estimate that more than 50 million Americans -- about 17% of the population -- will be 65 or older in 2020." (Old age)

Sources used in this document:
http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=107540836

World Health Organisation. (1995) the world health report 1995: bridging the gaps. Geneva: WHO, 1995.

In the United States the percentage of people 65 or older increased from 4% in 1900 to about 13% in the late 1990s. In 1900, only about 3 million of the nation's people had reached 65. By 1998, the number of senior citizens had increased to about 34 million. Population experts estimate that more than 50 million Americans -- about 17% of the population -- will be 65 or older in 2020." (Old age)
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Stress Evaluation and Intervention Proposal
Words: 4304 Length: 12 Document Type: Dissertation or Thesis complete

Stress Management Stress Evaluation and Intervention Proposal Stress Management in Public Safety Organizations Public safety organizations are one of the most important components of any society as they are responsible to provide support and assistance to the community in times of crisis. The employees of such organization however are always exposed to stressful situations and they need to be mentally and emotionally strong to take the challenge, deal with it and help other

The Impact of Stress Literature Review
Words: 1476 Length: 5 Document Type:

Stress affects children in many ways. From lacking confidence to developing eating disorders, to becoming antisocial, stress can take a toll on a child. Developing within an environment of stress and upheaval generates a sense of instability within children. When they are older, they may seek that stability or sense of stability in harmful activities or people. A good example of this is a child experiencing abuse at an early

Psychological Distress in Natural Disaster
Words: 5087 Length: 15 Document Type: Literature Review

Psychological Distress in a Natural Disaster Among the many problems that humans encounter following a natural disaster is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PTSD can result from natural disasters like floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, tornados among other frightening natural events that cause damage and result in serious injuries and loss of life. When humans are exposed to horrific natural disasters they may continue to carry the fearful events in their memories;

Psychological Effects of Divorce on Children and Co-Parental Relations...
Words: 6143 Length: 20 Document Type: Research Paper

Psychological Effects of Divorce on Children and Co-Parental Relations Today, it is not possible for people to not take into account the considerable outcomes and consequences of divorce. According to social scientists, the ever increasing rates of parents ending their marriages is not only hurting the society but also upsetting and destroying the lives of children. Not only does divorce devastates the family life but also impacts the attainment of education,

Emotional Drivers of Consumer Toward Swarovskis Brand
Words: 5791 Length: 17 Document Type: Literature Review

Emotional Drivers Swarovski The motives behind consumer decisions to purchase luxury brands like Swarovski have been studied in a number of researches. The general findings of these studies have been that these motives are largely emotional, and that they are evolving as the composition of the luxury market segment changes. De Mooij (2005) defines emotion as an "interaction between cognition and physiology." The characteristics of emotion that or of greater concern

Psychological Tests Using the Mental
Words: 1400 Length: 4 Document Type: Term Paper

Purpose: The Woodcock-Johnson III Diagnostic Reading Battery's designation is for assessment and measurement of the important dimensions of phonological oral language abilities and phonological awareness, both in adult and children. Population: Both adults and children (age of 3-80 years). Date of Publication: 2004. Acronym(s): WJ III (DRB). Score Scales: Reading Comprehension, Basic Reading Skills, Phonics Knowledge, Broad Reading, Brief Reading, Total Reading, Reading Fluency, Spelling of Words, Oral Comprehension, Reading Vocabulary. Time: 50-60 minutes. Administration: Individual. Author

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now