This paper provides an introductory overview of careers in human resource management (HRM), drawing on academic and occupational sources to outline the field's defining characteristics. The author describes the five core HR functions — staffing, rewards administration, employee development, employee maintenance, and employee relations — before examining employment outlook, educational requirements, and the role of certification. The paper also addresses the personal qualities and interpersonal skills considered essential for success in HR roles, and concludes with the author's reflective assessment of their own suitability for a career in the field.
Upon graduation, I hope to enter the field of human resource management. According to John Bratton and Jeffrey Gold (1999), human resource management is defined by a body of knowledge and a set of practices that establish the nature of work and regulate the employment relationship. This occupation encompasses the administration of five basic functions, each of which is essential to building and sustaining a productive workforce.
Staffing entails obtaining people with appropriate skills to fill jobs in the organization. This involves planning, job analysis, recruitment, and selection. Another function is the design and administration of a rewards system, which includes job evaluation, performance appraisal, and the establishment and distribution of benefits.
Employee development is the examination of training requirements so that employees have the knowledge and skills required to perform their duties satisfactorily or to advance within the organization. Performance appraisal also helps identify employees' key skills and aptitudes. Employee maintenance requires the monitoring of workplace safety and health and welfare policies, with the aim of retaining a competent workforce and complying with statutory standards and regulations.
Employee relations cover a broad spectrum of issues. Responsibilities in this area vary depending on whether the workplace is unionized or non-union. In a union environment, responsibilities also include negotiations between management and union representatives over decisions affecting the employee contract.
Often these are top management positions crucial to the success of the company. Successful human resource managers need to be aware of the requirements and needs of the various departments within the organization and have an understanding of the company's mission, in order to assist other managers, serve them as internal clients, and create solutions that will be optimal for success (Careers in Human Resources, n.d.).
The Occupational Outlook Handbook (2010–11) forecast income and employment opportunities to be favorable in the HR field for the foreseeable future. The position requires knowledge of business management, finance, and accounting. Interestingly, the educational backgrounds of individuals in this field vary considerably, reflecting the diversity of duties and levels of responsibility. Certification and previous experience are assets for most specialties and are essential for more advanced positions, including managers, arbitrators, and mediators.
The human resources field is changing rapidly with the increasing use of technology, training, and outsourcing. The trend today is for human resource managers to hold a bachelor's degree or even a master's degree.
"Describes traits and temperament suited to HR"
I believe I have the necessary traits to be successful in this field. I enjoy working with people, problem-solving, and being part of a team. I can appreciate the significance of the big picture and understand how the small decisions that must be made every day — in order to build a solid foundation of quality personnel — have a meaningful effect on the overall health of an organization. A career in human resource management aligns closely with both my professional aspirations and my personal strengths.
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