During any stage in our life, the functions carried out in our bodies have the plan of living. By our own decision, we can stop that activity, but for the most part our bodies function involuntarily. We do not order our hearts to beat or our lungs to function. Hence, akin to the embryo or fetus, we profit from the unaware intentionality of our bodily functions which act in manner which helps to keep us alive. (Intentionality: A way to argue against abortion)
Similar to embryo or fetus, though at a later stage, we benefit from that life and active body that we have received. Therefore the gap between those in support of and opposing abortion boils down to an issue of how each group perceives human life. Those in defense of the right to life of the unborn instinctively perceive that every human life received is a gift from…...

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References

Baird, Robert M; Rosenbaum, Stuart. E. The Ethics of Abortion: Pro-Life vs. Pro-choice.

Prometheus Books. 1993.

Murphy, Austin G. Intentionality: A way to argue against abortion. February, 1998.  http://www.catholic.net/RCC/Periodicals/Homiletic/Feb98/intentionality.html 

Pavone, Frank a. The Bible's teaching against Abortion. http://www.priestsforlife.org/brochures/thebible.html

To have an abortion is to deny the person the right to come back in the form that the higher power intended them to be in.
Certain religious groups, especially those that are strict or sectarian, have a clear vision about when life begins and, accordingly, their members continue to oppose abortion in most forms. This moral position has led to relatively consistent anti-abortion attitudes that persisted during the latter part of the 20th century. Although other groups that do not make absolute claims about when life begins or when protection of the fetus overcomes the mother's interests may have seen some movement in attitudes over time, it has not been impressive. eligious traditions that are labeled mainline, liberal, or moderate have maintained an ambivalent stance about abortion."

One recent study examined the attitudes about abortions among religious believers. The study used data that was from 1972 until 2002. The study…...

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References

Hanks, Robert (2002) Induced abortion: an ethical conundrum for counselors.

Journal of Counseling and Development

Johnson, Sherrie Mills (2005) Attitudes toward abortion among religious traditions in the United States: change or continuity? Sociology of Religion

Simmons, Paul D (2000) Religious liberty and abortion policy: Casey as "Catch-22."

Abortion
In Response to Argument Against Abortion

Mr. Anderson-

I read your detailed and comprehensive essay detailing the arguments against abortion with a great deal of interest, and must profess a great deal of admiration for the strength of your convictions and the rational support you have mustered to their furtherance. Be that as it may, I must confess to you from the outset that I am writing to express certain confusions on my part regarding the clarity and, in some cases, the logical rigor of your arguments, which appears to waver at times under the force of your own certainty, rather than any argument or evidence marshaled against it. There are also instances where we differ in our understanding of the facts as they exist, and where appropriate I have referenced certain figures and other conclusions drawn in an effort to provide transparency as to how my thinking has been molded, in…...

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Works Cited

Bernat, James. "Contemporary controversies in the definition of death." Progress in Brain Research (2009). 177: 21-31.

Bible. New International Version. Accessed 30 April 2012.  http://www.biblegateway.com/ 

DeGrazia, David. "Definitions of Death." 2009. Accessed 30 April 2012. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.  http://stanford.library.usyd.edu.au/archives/spr2009/entries/death-definition/ 

Koterski, Joseph. "Free Choice of the Will in Part IV: Of A Dialogue Concerning Heresies." (2008). Accessed 30 April 2012.  http://www.thomasmorestudies.org/tmstudies/DCH_Koterski.pdf

The pro-choice group really does not have an argument other than the right to choose. It is, unfortunately, not much of a choice when it involves killing a living thing without reason. The political ramifications have reached such a point that the abortion is the only medical procedure that has no age restrictions (or require parental consent). Abortion also goes against the scientific laws of nature. In the creative scheme of things, after God, women occupy a very important place. Such power cannot be misused. Even atheists would concede the powerful natural forces at work here. A woman's body goes through significant changes as it readies it self to create a brand new human being. Abortion cuts this process short.

Then there are guilt feelings and burdens of society. Obviously, a woman who goes through abortion merely for convenience would be guilt ridden for a long time (if not for the…...

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Bibliography

Callahan, Joan C. "The Fetus and Fundamental Rights." The Ethics of Abortion: Pro-Life vs. Pro-Choice. Eds. Robert M. Baird and Stuart E. Rosenbaum. Rev. ed. Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus Books, 1993. 203-09.

ChristianAction. "Prolife: 10 Arguments against Abortion." 2009. Christian Action. org. April 11, 2009. .

Noonan, John Thomas. "The Morality of Abortion; Legal and Historical Perspectives." The Morality of Abortion; Legal and Historical Perspectives. Ed. John Thomas Noonan. Cambridge, Mass.,: Harvard University Press, 1970. 51-59.

Steyn, Mark. America Alone: The End of the World as We Know it. Washington, DC

Abortion
Describe the Compelling Attitudes both for and Against Abortion

This paper explores the particular virtues and morals to which each side of the debate subscribe; this is of particular importance since the pro and anti-abortion camps each believe that they are morally just while contending that the other is not. According to Marquis (1989), this is the reason why neither position has successfully been able to persuade the other, and both sides have had difficulty compromising and arriving at any middle ground. The basis for such divisiveness stems from altering perceptions of whether a fetus constitutes a human being; while the anti-abortion group believes that a fetus is in fact a living being (such that abortion becomes equated with murder) the pro-abortion camp asserts that a fetus is not yet a human being and so abortion is not a form of murder. Meanwhile, those who are pro-abortion believe that the anti-abortion…...

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References

Dejanikus, T., & Rylance, M. (1979). pro & anti-choice dialogue: cooptation or cooperation? Off Our Backs, 9(3), 4-5, 28.

Lake, R.A. (1984). Order and disorder in anti-abortion rhetoric: A logological view. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 70(4), 425-443.

Marquis, D. (1989). Why abortion is immoral. The Journal of Philosophy, 86(4), 183-202.

Abortion is a polarizing issue. The debate divides families as well as politicians. However, I am all too well aware of the fact that there are many individual stories that are far more complex than the black-and-white shades in which the issue is presented by the media.
Take the example of the aunt of one of my best friends from high school. My friend's aunt became pregnant: this was joyous news for her and she wanted to keep the baby. This was her third pregnancy: the first two had ended in miscarriages. By the third time she became pregnant the woman was in her early 40s, making her pregnancy extremely high-risk for both mother and fetus. The woman was very cautious and followed her doctor's advice and yet, she still had complications. By the end of the third trimester she was in tremendous physical pain and the fetus was unlikely to…...

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Work Cited

"Catholic pro-life committee E-Alert: The distinction between direct abortion and legitimate medical procedures. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. 23 Jun 2010. Web. 3 Dec 2013.

.

Eckholm, Erik. "Bishops sued over anti-abortion policies at Catholic hospitals."

The New York Times. 2 Dec 2013. Web. 3 Dec 2013. .

In this context the argument is made from a moral and religious point-of-view that the unborn child is alive and that abortion is tantamount to murder. As Bohan (1999) states in the House of Atreus: Abortion as a Human ights Issue, "No society that truly believes in human rights can fail to recognize the right to life of the unborn. Human rights are, by definition, rights, which inhere in one simply by virtue of being a human "(Bohan, 1999, p. 64).

From the religious perspective the main argument against abortion revolves around the view of the religious and spiritual value of human life. In Christianity this refers to the Commandant, "Thou shall not Kill." The sanctity of life applies as well to the unborn child and in many religions life begins at the moment of conception. Form this normative perspective the murder of a human being is seen to be more…...

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References

Abortion is every woman's right. Retrieved March 16, 2009 at http://www.socialistworker.org/2004-1/496/496_06_Abortion.shtml

Abortion Laws Worldwide. Retrieved March 16, 2009 at http://www.womenonwaves.org/set-1020.245-en.html

Baer, J.A. (Ed.). (2002). Historical and Multicultural Encyclopedia of Women's Reproductive Rights in the United States. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Bohan, J.F. (1999). The House of Atreus: Abortion as a Human Rights Issue. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.

However, when all said and done the situation is still critical and those having resorted to abortion have a hard time getting over the psychological traumas that they suffer. Of course, such an experience is difficult to put behind and the best solution for abortion victims should be their subjection to intense psychological discussions in order to get over the shock more easily.
It seems that the women that cannot psychologically recover from an abortion describe similar symptoms. Most have reported having nightmares about children, blood, and voices calling them. It is horrible for someone that underwent an abortion to be reminded of the episode, as images immediately spring to their minds making them go into a state of distress. It is not surprising that consequent to undergoing an abortion, one's self-esteem drops significantly, as women feel that they have been incompetent at performing one of humanity's basic functions-that of…...

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Works cited:

1. Angela Kennedy, and Mary Krane Derr, "Feminism and Abortion," History Today Aug. 1999: 34, Questia, Web, 9 Mar. 2010.

2. Beverly Wildung Harrison, Our Right to Choose: Toward a New Ethic of Abortion (Boston: Beacon Press, 1983) 163, Questia, Web, 9 Mar. 2010.

3. Robert M. Baird, and Stuart E. Rosenbaum, eds., the Ethics of Abortion Pro-Life vs. Pro-Choice, Revised ed. (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 1993) 7, Questia, Web, 9 Mar. 2010.

4. "Is Abortion Safe?." Retrieved March 09, 2010, from the nrcl.org website: http://www.nrlc.org/abortion/asmf/asmf14.html

"It is not just a Catholic and Protestant Debate"(13).
Some Catholic statements, like the 1968 papal encyclical Humanae Vitae, condemn the practice on grounds of the created order, which is thought to be structured in such a way that all sexual expression must be open to procreation. Other statements, notably various declarations issued from 1969 to 1989 by the National Conference of Catholic Bishops (NCCB) in the U.S. appeal instead to the nature of the human person and the idea that life begins at conception. Abortion must be rejected, such statements argue, because it terminates a human life. Yet a third subgroup can be identified. Statements like the NCCB's well-known 1983 pastoral on peace and the Catholic bishops of France's 1979 declaration do not emphasize the doctrines of creation and human persons but argue against abortion by granting priority to the gospel.

In addition, in the Protestant Church, several statements --…...

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References

Beckwith, F.J. Politically Correct Death: Answering the Arguments for Abortion Rights Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1993.

CPN. "Topics." 6, May 2005.  http://www.cpn.org/topics/families/prolife.html 

Currie, Stephen. Abortion. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 2000.

Do No Harm. Coalition of Scientists for Research Ethics. 6, May 2005.  http://www.stemcellresearch.org/

"
In this case, according to Alexander Hamilton, the court would have had the right to interfere and it would have had the superior power to declare the Texas statue void on its face.

However, Hamilton aside, our natural law and natural rights also prohibit first trimester abortion. Derived from Locke, Natural law and natural rights follow from the nature of man and the world. For instance, we have the right to defend ourselves and our property, because of our nature, because of the kind of creatures that we are. True law derives from this right, not from the arbitrary power of the omnipotent state.

Natural law has an objective, extrinsic existence. The ability to make moral judgment - or in other words, the capacity to know good and evil -- has immediate evolutionary benefits: just as the capacity to perceive three dimensionally tells one when one is standing on the edge of…...

Virginity

Origin of the Topic

The most common origin of virginity is derived from Christianity. Christianity teaches that sex before marriage is wrong. Sex should only occur between a man and a woman who are married. Sex outside of marriage is considered an abomination to God. The Bible states that when a man leaves home, he should cleave unto his wife and they shall become one flesh.

Impact on Male and Female Sexuality

Phone sex, masturbation, and sensual massages are just a few activities in which couples can participate together without risking the loss of virginity. Sensual massages release endorphins that enhance moods so that the receiving individual is left satisfied with just being touched. Many people might find these activities embarrassing or unusual, but if you cannot engage in such activities with your partner, why would you commit to having a sexual relationship or marriage? It would take a lot of trust and…...

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Works Cited

Lewis, Jone Johnson. (1999). Roe v. Wade Supreme Court Decision. Retrieved April 22, 2013, from http://womenshistory.about.com/od/abortionuslegal/p/roe_v_wade.html

Springhouse Corporation. (1989). Abortion. Professional Guide to Diseases 3rd Edition,

911-912.

-InfoPlease.com  http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0856928.html

Abortion & Democracy
The author of this report is going to tackle the subject of abortion primarily through the lens of democracy and doing what is right for a republic of people and groups that at are supposedly free and able to do the right thing. The author will use two sources to whittle away at the subject. Namely, the Pojman and Beckwith treatise as well as a sample from Mary Anne Warren will also be employed. While abortion should not be left solely to an up and down vote, the bullying and hard-handed events of extremely thin Supreme Court precedent as well as the antics of some anti-abortion groups should be met in response and with full force of democracy and the true voice of the moral majority of the United States.

Democracy Not Yet At Work

When it comes to the Warren work, a few things come to light. Warren asks…...

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References

Mappes, T., & DeGrazia, D. (1996). Biomedical ethics. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Pojman, L., & Beckwith, F. (1998). The abortion controversy. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Abortion to Poverty
Poverty and Abortion

The elation of Poverty to Abortion

Advancements in globalization in the current century, and the technological advancements, the globe has experienced drastic changes in terms of the culture and social related issues. People in both developed and developing states are changing their conservativeness and embracing new ideas. Awareness is being realized and the levels of literacy are gradually increasing. Information on life and its importance are clearer compared to the past, where people where not exposed. Due to this, there are heated debates on the issues of abortion in the society. This paper will analyze the situation in which poverty is affecting abortion, and how poor women's lives are implicated. Policies that assist to counter these issues are also discussed critically.

Introduction

Scientific researches and innovation has been highest in the 21st century. Scientists are aiming at bettering the human life. However, the proposals made by the science…...

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References

Djerassi, C. (1986). Abortion in the United States: Political or Policy? Bulleting of the Atomic Scientists, 42(4), 38-41.

Kimport, K., Foster, K. & Weitz, T.A. (2011). Social Sources of Women's Emotional Difficulty after Abortion: Lessons from Women's Abortion Narrative. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 43(2), 103-109.

Levine, B.P. (2004). Abortion Policies and the Economics of Fertility. Society, 41(4), 79-85.

MacNair, R. (2012 June 6). Poverty and Abortion. Retrieved from www.consistent-life.org/povertyabortion.pdf

Against Abortion
In the past few decades an argument has raged across America over the issue of abortion. My personal opinion on this subject is that abortion should not be legal. I believe that because an embryo, and later a fetus, is a human life form that is separate and distinct from its parents, and has the potential to become something great, that people should follow the "Golden ule" and treat others, including embryos, only as they would like to be treated; and this would mean not ending their life. Therefore, in the debate over abortion, I am on the "Pro-Life" side.

While many abortion proponents concentrate their arguments on the mother and her rights, they often forget that there is another person involved, and it is a distinct and individual life form. Most embryology texts indicate that the life of a human being "begins with complete fertilization, which yields a…...

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References

Gensler, Harry. (2011). Ethics: A Contemporary Introduction. New York: Routledge.

Lee, Patrick, and Robert P. George.(2005). The Wrong of Abortion. In Cohen, Andrew

and Christopher Wellman. (Eds.), Contemporary Debates in Applied Ethics.

Malden, MA: Blackwell.

Abortion
Policy Description

Statement of the Policy

The policy of the United States on abortion was one set forty years ago in a landmark decision, in the 1973 case oe v. Wade, which legalized abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Brief History of the Policy

In the case of oe v. Wade, a single woman by the name of oe brought class action that challenged the constitutionality of the criminal abortion laws in the state of Texas. In this case a licensed physician by the name of Hallford, who had state prosecutions against him pending was allowed to intervene. A childless couple, known as the Does, attacked the laws and based the alleged injury on the future possibilities of contraceptive failure, stating that were not prepared for becoming parents and the health of the wife. The court ordered the abortion statutes void "as vague and overbroadly infringing the plaintiff's 9th and 14th Amendment…...

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References

Roe v. Wade (1973) SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES 410 U.S. 113. APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS. No. 70-18 Argued: December 13, 1971 - Decided: January 22, 1973. Retrieved from:

Catholic Perspectives on Culture, Society and Politics (2007) Vox Nova. Retrieved from:  http://vox-nova.com/2007/05/22/abortion-and-economics/ 

Dionisio, L. et al. (2006) A Political, Public & Moral Look at Abortion. Retrieved from: http://www.nyu.edu/classes/jackson/social.issues/papers/AbortGrI.htmlhttp://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0410_0113_ZS.html

Norrander, B. And Wilcox, C. (1999) Public Opinion and Policymaking in the States: The Case of Post-Roe Abortion Policy. Policy Studies Journal, Vo. 27, No. 4, 1999. Retrieved from: http://academic.udayton.edu/grantneeley/Morality%20Policy/norranderandwilcox-psj.pdf

1. The Ethical Implications of Abortion: A Philosophical Analysis

Explore the complex ethical considerations surrounding abortion, considering the rights of the fetus, the moral status of the mother, and the impact on society as a whole.
Analyze different philosophical perspectives on abortion, such as utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics.

2. Legal and Constitutional Issues in Abortion: A Historical and Comparative Review

Trace the history of abortion laws and regulations in the United States, examining landmark court cases and the evolution of legal protections for fetal and maternal rights.
Compare abortion laws and policies in different countries, considering legal frameworks, enforcement mechanisms,....

Here is a brief outline of the main arguments for and against abortion:

Arguments for abortion:
1. Women have the right to control their own bodies and make decisions about their own reproductive health.
2. A woman should have the right to choose whether or not to continue a pregnancy, especially in cases of rape, incest, or if the pregnancy poses a risk to her health.
3. Legal abortion can help prevent unsafe, illegal abortions that can result in harm or death to women.
4. Some argue that a fetus is not a person with rights until it is viable or born, and therefore does....

Arguments For Abortion

Bodily Autonomy: Pro-choice advocates argue that individuals have the fundamental right to make decisions about their own bodies, including whether or not to continue a pregnancy. They believe that forced childbirth violates this right and can have severe physical and psychological consequences for the person carrying the pregnancy.

Reproductive Health: Pro-choice advocates emphasize that abortion is essential for maintaining reproductive health. They argue that access to safe and legal abortion allows individuals to prevent unwanted pregnancies, control their fertility, and make choices that are in their best interest.

Socioeconomic Factors: Pro-choice advocates recognize that socioeconomic factors can....

Moral Convictions and Abortion: Shaping Perspectives on a Controversial Topic

Abortion, the deliberate termination of a pregnancy, has ignited intense debate for decades, with individuals holding diverse opinions shaped by their moral convictions. These convictions profoundly influence their perspectives on the ethical, medical, and legal aspects of this controversial issue.

Moral Arguments Against Abortion

Personhood: Many anti-abortion advocates believe that human life begins at conception. This view is rooted in religious and philosophical beliefs that endow the fetus with full moral status as a human being. As such, they argue that abortion is tantamount to murder and should be universally prohibited.

Potential Life: Even....