Al Capone Essays (Examples)

federal practitioners' goals have evolved somewhat, particularly subsequent to high-profile cases like those of Al Capone and Whitey Bulger. At the same time, a punitive mentality has prevailed in terms of charging decisions and sentencing punishments. Some sentencing decisions are largely symbolic, like those affecting Whitey Bulger. Bulger was ordered to pay more than $19 million to victim families and another $25.2 million to the government, even though the Bulger estate has nothing near that amount in it. Interestingly, Bulger not only helped to corrupt government officials by luring them with the promise of large amounts of cash, but he also participated later with the FBI as an informant (Valencia, Murphy & Finucane, 2013). The government continues to rely on people like Bulger, who can provide valuable information related to other crimes and other criminals. Therefore, in terms of decisions made during investigations, state and federal law enforcement officials have…

References

"Al Capone," (n.d.). History. Retrieved online:  http://www.history.com/topics/al-capone 

Mulhausen, D.B. (2010). Theories of punishment and mandatory minimum sentences. Retrieved online:  http://www.heritage.org/research/testimony/theories-of-punishment-and-mandatory-minimum-sentences 

Valencia, M.J., Murphy, S. & Finucane, M. (2013). Whitey Bulger, Boston gangster found responsible for 11 murders, gets life in prison. Boston.com. Retrieved online:  http://www.boston.com/metrodesk/2013/11/14/james-whitey-bulger-sentenced-today/EPqdUhXjjlvh4WXyJadj7N/story.html

Scarface is the nickname which was given to one of the most famous and infamous members of organized crime. Scholars and crime-buffs throughout the United States know all about Alphonse "Scarface" Capone and how he grew to head the mafia in Chicago, Illinois in the 1920s. Capone was able to achieve his success in the underworld by being smarter and perhaps luckier than his enemies. He was a strategist, as focused on the destruction of his opposition as any general of any army. Although his actions were nefarious and his endeavors only intended to his financial betterment, it cannot be denied that the likes of Capone served an important role in the formation of American history. The original film Scarface is based on the life of Al Capone, gangster films being very popular in the 1930s and early 1940s while the 1980s remake of Scarface tells a similarly themed story…

Works Cited:

"Al Capone." 2012. Biography.com 11 Feb 2012,

http://www.biography .com/people/al-capone-9237536

"Organized Crime." United States History.

Raab, Selwyn. Five Families. New York, NY. Thomas Dunne. 2005. Print.

Ethnic, racial and class minorities in the city of New York, as well as middle class and organized crime people enjoyed their fight against Prohibition in an amazing number of locals and nightclubs that summed up to more than thirty thousand. While many restaurant closed down in New York, speakeasies spread across the city. More and more of the middle class and the upper class "embraced the cosmopolitan culture and nightlife that flourished under the restrictions of Prohibition" (Lerner, 2007, p. 3) making this the first bottom-up social reaction in the recent history of the United States.

Prohibition marked the 1920s and 1930s in ways that were not seen by the makers of this law. It had profound effects of issues like work relations and wage policies, xenophobia and living conditions of immigrants, organized crime as well as popular culture. While regulations were set and enforced, a significant number of…

Bibliography

Behr, Edward. Prohibition: thirteen years that changed America. Arcade Publishing, 1996

Burns, Eric. The Spirits of America: a social history of alcohol. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2004

Lerner, Michael. Dry Manhattan. Prohibition in New York City. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2007

Miron, Jeffrey and Jeffrey Zwiebel. Alcohol Consumption During Prohibition. Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1991

Organized crime has existed in society for hundreds of years in one form or another. It generally exists in prosperous societies where strong class distinctions -- sometimes brutally enforced -- exist. The history and dealings associated with major crime organizations have been well documented. In this paper, the effect of La Cosa Nostra (Our Thing or Cause) will be discussed in relation to its effects on modern society. This paper will also discuss the efforts and results of law enforcement on the Mafia.

Organized crime in the United States has been around for a long time. Since the early 1900's, "organized" crime has existed and continues to exist in the United States today. Organized crime is generally prevalent in regions of high population density, where there are sufficient opportunities available to make money illegally. Organized crime can be therefore classified as a society-influenced crime. In recent years, however, the growing…

Bibliography

Donn, J. "Boston Mob Informant Scandal Involved Highest Levels of FBI, Documents Show." Boston Globe 2002,

Furriel, V.J., and California Community Colleges. Office of the Chancellor. Organized Crime: History and Control. California State Peace Officers' Training Series; 80. Sacramento: Chancellor's Office California Community Colleges, 1976.

Glasgowcrewtripod.com. The Pizza Connection Case. 2003. Glasgowcrewtripod.com. Available: http://glasgowcrew.tripod.com/pizza.html. November 20, 2003.

Infoplease.com. Andreotti, Giulio. 2000. Infoplease.com. Available:  http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0803962.html . November 22, 2003.

176) it is also interesting that the legitimate first response to the dissolution of prohibition was to officially tax it and therefore gain legitimate revenue from a vice. It would not surprise any historian if the idea to tax vice's such as alcohol, which even today the government makes a great deal of money doing, was not born of the substantial success the early mafia made of making money from its illegal production, sale and distribution.

The Irish Mafia:

The Irish Mafia, though usually not thought of as the quintessential mafia "family" were no less influential in some areas that the Italian mafia, one reason for this had to do with the sheer numbers of Irish immigrants to the country following the Potato Famine 1847-1849, and the essential disenfranchisement they felt when they arrived. Having just lived through one of the most grueling of all events, likely to have lost…

References

Bernstein, L. (2002). The Greatest Menace: Organized Crime in Cold War America. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.

Block, a.A. (2002). Environmental Crime and Pollution: Wasteful Reflections. 61.

Greeley, a.M. (1972). That Most Distressful Nation: The Taming of the American Irish. Chicago: Quadrangle Books.

Greeley, a.M. (1981). The Rise to Money and Power. New York: Harper & Row.

organized crime scholar Mark C. Gribben, defines organized crime as "an ongoing criminal enterprise consisting of multiple actors working for economic gain who use or will use force to promote and protect their enterprises." y this definition a number of groups might fit into the definition of organized crime. Street gangs, hate groups, drug cartels, and the Mafia are merely the tip of the iceberg when it comes to organized crime in the United States.

The preceding graphic demonstrates the scope of organized crime in America. It is important to understand that the crimes within the largest circle are those which are generally considered organized in nature. Those outside the circle, such as the solo murder or the one-time bank robbery are not considered to be organized. They key elements of organized crime must include "ongoing criminal activity with multiple actors."

The following pages will explore organized crime in America.…

Bibliography

Israely, Jeff. "Meet the Modern Mob." Time. 2 June 2002. http://www.time/world/printout/0,8816,257072,00.html

Organized Crime Ed. Mark Gribben. February 2003. http://organizedcrime.about.com/library/weekly.htm

Lindberg, Richard C. "The Mafia in America: Traditional Organized Crime in Transition." Search International. February 2003. http://www.search-international.com/Articles/crime/mafiaamerica.htm

Is This the End of R.I.C.O. February 2003.  http://www.fsu.edu/~crimdo/rico.html

Many see gun control as a controversial topic that has sparked much debate. This gun control essay can offer ways to examine this topic from both the pro and against sides. By detailing the pros and cons of gun control, you will be able to see the impact on society. These examples include recent changes in laws, news stories associated with gun violence, and what other countries do about this highly debated subject. Examining a topic from both sides, it offers a deeper and richer understanding that cannot be achieved from one-sided analysis.

[toc]

Titles
Gun Control: Examining Both Sides

Understanding Gun Control

The Impact of Gun Control on Violence

How Gun Control Influences Gun Violence
Topics
Gun Control and the Second Amendment

Countries that Ban Guns

Gun Control and the Safety of the Public

Gun Control Laws
Outline
I Introduction

II. Body
A. Background
B. Understanding Gun Control
C.…

battle for Santa Monica Bay

In the history of our nation, few battles have take place on our soil. The oceans which boarder our country also protect it from outsider who would attempt to over through our nation. However, battles are not always military. Currently, numerous cultural battles are taking place in the public arena. Battles over right and wrong, or over what society will allow, and what society considers as disruptive or harmful to our continuance are often more contentious than a military conflict fought on a foreign soil. The case of the Battle for Santa Monica Bay falls into this latter category. The willingness of the state of California to become a center of gambling, with the social maladies which tend to follow the gambling industry was the source of what is referred to as the Battle for Santa Monica Bay.

During the Gold ush, and for the…

Resources

Lavender, David. 1987. California: Land of New Beginnings University of Nebraska Press.

Gambling, Bingo, and Prohibition. 2001. North American integration and development Center. UCLA [online] Cited 1 Dec 2003 Available from World Wide Web http://naid.sppsr.ucla.edu/venice/articles/gambling.htm

The Era of the gambling Ship and the Battle of Canta Monica Bay. 2003. Los Angeles Almanac. [online] Cited 1 Dec 2003. Available from World Wide Web: http://www.losangelesalmanac.com/topics/history/hi06ee.htm

The History of Gambling. 2001. The history of Gambling online. [online] Cited 1 Dec 2003. Available from the World Wide Web: http://history-gambling-online-casinos-reviews-blackjack-slots.com/content/history/visionary-backgrounds/stralla-anthony-cornero/

However, with this mandatory sentence comes seemingly excessive punishments for being afflicted with a real disease. hese types of solutions to the drug problem in the United States fail entirely to grasp drug problems as a real medical issue and therefore throw out medical treatment over punitive punishment, (Nadelmann 2007). Not to mention many of these programs go only so far, failing to provide the support and structure many drug addicts need in order to get themselves clean. Much research has shown that more intensive inpatient programs prove more successful than less regulation programs (McKay et al. 1997). herefore, ineffective drug treatment programs within prison walls are failing to truly encapsulate the addict as a means of supporting their efforts to get clean.

One other major solution that is currently being used in many states is the enactment of a drug court to handle specific drug cases. his court can…

This piece shows both favoritism and opposition for mandatory minimum jail sentencing for drug offenders, however does so not from the viewpoint of looking at addiction as a disease, but rather as a limitation on judicial discretion. While many are supportive of minimum sentencing requirements based on the idea that it is the most powerful weapon against the current war on drugs, others believe it to be restricting when looking at individual cases. Overall, many believe that it should be up to the individual judge and the individual case circumstance which determines the nature of punitive punishment in U.S. courts.

Washington Post. (1994). Low-level drug offenders fill one-fifth of prison space. Washington Post. February 5, 1994.

Astounding numbers of drug offenders fill our nation's prisons. This article uses statistics from the 1990s, an era of a crack epidemic, to show exactly how filled the prison system is with low-level and nonviolent addicts who essentially need medical treatment and not prison time.

Financial and law enforcers, military and reporting of intelligence are carried out by respective agencies drawn on limited coordination efforts (Whitmore, 2002). While agencies can pull and push intelligence data, these structures lack a centralized system for collecting intelligence. This limits the ability to conduct a meta-analysis of data across inter-agencies systems. Lack of proper coordination efforts reduces the usefulness of financial intelligence thus making it difficult to link the financial intelligence with other useful information. Critics claim that financial evidence is useful in supporting a case; it does not lead to prevention of terrorism attacks (Linden, 2007).

However, a centralized system of coordination may be an effective way of exploring financial data through linking it with other useful information. This can be made useful if the agencies improve their overall understanding of the financial networks of terrorists. The new homeland security departments are signals that there are efforts for…

References

Amos, M. & Petraeus, D. (2009). The U.S. Army Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Field

Manual. New York: Signalman Publishing

Center for Excellence Defense against Terrorism (2008). Responses to Cyber Terrorism.

California: IOS Press

(a.D.A.M., 2008) Neurosyphilis has been speculated as the cause for eccentricites among well-known figures such as Henry VIII, Vincent Van Gogh, Adolf Hitler, Oscar Wilde, and Friedrich Nietzsche (McMyne, 2008). Oddly, some dementia caused by syphilis is preceded by a phase of mania and euphoria in which patients feel excitable and "high," often with relaxed inhibitions (Hayden, 2003).

In the United States today, syphilis rarely progresses beyond the first or second stage since treatment is widely available. Upon diagnosis, antibiotics such as penicillin or tetracycline are administered; follow-up tests must be performed at three, six, and twelve month intervals to ensure complete removal of the infection. Syphilis is always contagious, particularly in the first and second stages, so all sexual partners should be notified and treated as well. If treated during the primary stage, syphilis is completely curable with no risk of permanent health damage. Unfortunately, initial symptoms may be…

References

A.D.A.M. (2008, 08-01). Syphilis - Tertiary. Retrieved 11-26, 2010, from health.nytimes.com:  http://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/syphilis-tertiary/overview.html 

Baseman, J., Nichols, J., & Hayes, N. (1976). Virulent Treponema pallidum: aerobe or anaerobe. Infectious Immunity, 704-711.

Bonifield, J. (2010, 11-22). Syphilis infections up; progress made on other STDs. Retrieved 11-24, 2010, from www.cnn.com:  http://pagingdrgupta.blogs.cnn.com/2010/11/22/embargo-12p-1122-cdc-progress-on-stds/?iref=allsearch 

Cullen, P., & Cameron, C. (2010, 01-10). Progress toward an effective syphilis vaccine: the past, present, and future. Retrieved 11-26, 2010, from www.expert-reviews.com:  http://www.expert-reviews.com/doi/abs/10.1586/14760584.5.1.67

America at War 1865-Present

A Survey of America at War from 1865 to Present

Since the Civil War, America has seldom seen a generation of peace. In fact, a nonstop succession of wars has kept what Eisenhower termed "the military industrial complex" in lucrative business. From the Indian Wars to the World Wars to the Cold War to the war on Terror, Americana has expanded its foothold as an imperial power every step of the way -- even when isolationism appeared to be momentarily in vogue following World War I. This paper will look at the history of the progression of war in America from 1865 to present, showing how that history -- through social, economic, literary, political, and religious changes -- has both shaped and been shaped by American foreign and domestic policy.

Unit Once: 1865-1876

The Civil War had just ended on the home front, but that did…

Reference List

Boyd, J.P. (2000). Indian Wars. Scituate, MA: Digital Scanning, Inc.

Jarecki, E. (2008). The American Way of War. NY: Free Press.

Jones, E.M. (2000). Libido Dominandi. South Bend, IN: St. Augustine's Press.

Morehouse, M. (2007). Fighting in the Jim Crow Army: Black Men and Women

S. And maintain approximately as many members (both domestically and abroad) as the Hell's Angels. Their criminal activities are more focused on the manufacturing, distribution, and sales of cocaine, marijuana, and methamphetamines. The banditos use "puppet" or minor affiliate clubs who are not themselves Banditos but operate with the Banditos' authority and conduct some the parent club's criminal activities on their behalf.

Conclusion:

In the modern era, widespread crackdowns and joint operations initiated by state and federal law enforcement authorities and legislative tools such as the federal acketeer Influenced and Corruption Organizations (ICO) Act have greatly reduced the influence of the Italian Mafia/LCN in American society but organized crime still persists, even if on a much smaller scale than half a century ago. However, whereas the power and reach of LCN has been greatly reduced, a significant influx of newer criminal enterprises has filled much of the gap vacated in…

References

Henslin, J. (2002). Essentials of Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Macionis, J. (2003). Sociology. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Pinizzotto, a., Davis, E., and Miller, C. "Street Gang Mentality: A Mosaic of Remorseless Violence and Relentless Loyalty." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin,

September 2007: 1-7.

These women make outcalls, where they visit the home of the client; or in-calls, where the clients visit their homes. At the second tier are women who work at established locations such as strip clubs, sex juice bars, brothels and massage parlors, where erotic services are also included following or during, what is an often a therapeutic massage. The third and lowest tier of prostitutes are the streetwalkers who roam certain areas, are picked up by customers and the sex acts are performed in motels that cater to this service, or cars or in back alleys. For each encounter, the prostitutes who belong to this third tier often charge only a few tens of dollars for their services. These lower tiers also include drug addicts who perform these acts in drug dens or at truck stops catering to long haul truck drivers.

Legalization of Prostitution

The term legalization can be…

Bibliography

Bazelon, Emily. Why Is Prostitution Illegal? 2008. Slate.com. Available:

http://www.slate.com/id/2186243/.April25 2008.

BreakingFreeInc. Breaking Free Inc.: Sisters Helping Sisters Break Free. 2008. BreakingFreeInc.net. Available:

 http://www.breakingfree.net/.April25  2008.

There are ten Fraud Detection Centers across the United States, and these are meant to detect refund fraud and to identify prevention measures. Each of these offices has a Resident Agent in Charge to direct, monitor, and coordinate operations supporting electronic and paper tax filing, and each Center performs activities that include educating Submission Processing Center and Customer Service Center personnel on fraud awareness and detection.

Criminal investigation in the agency started shortly after the Revenue Act of 1913 was passed, and that act imposed a modest tax of 1% on net incomes of individuals, estates, trusts, and corporations. In addition, another tax, or surtax, graduated from 1 to 6%, was applied to income exceeding $20,000. Over time, many laws have been passed that have changed the rates and other aspects of revenue assessment. Tax evasion was noted as early as 1919, when many serious allegations concerning alleged tax frauds…

Bibliography

Baker, Jeremy and Rebecca Young. "False Statements and False Claims." American Criminal Law Review, Volume 42, Issue 2 (2005), 427.

Berlau, John. "Return of the 'Audits from Hell': IRS Commissioner Charles Rossotti Once Pledged to Champion Taxpayer Rights, but Instead Americans Find Themselves Facing the Resurrection of Random Audits." Insight on the News, Volume 18, Issue 27 (July 29, 2002), 15.

Cochran, Amanda a. "Evidence Handed to the IRS Criminal Division on a 'Civil' Platter: Constitutional Infringements on Taxpayers." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, Volume 91, Issue 3 (2001), 699.

Craig Jr., James L. "Guidance on Financial Status Audits: It's Not Just for CPAs." The CPA Journal (2007),  http://www.nysscpa.org/cpajournal/1996/0796/features/Guida.htm .

The film version of the 'GodFather' became famous. The reason is that it was essentially a portrayal more on the family and emotional side rather than the gun toting violence. Thus the viewer shows the discernment between a good and bad movie by analyzing the depth of the portrayal rather than stunts. The argument that violence in cinema begets violence in real life falls flat. The viewers are not imbeciles, although many film producers take that for granted. Scarface 1932 version was all about the real gang rule of America. However the film not only depicted the violent lives of these people but also examined the psychology of the gangster and challenged the administration and there was depth in the portrayal. The viewer was absorbed in the passions of Tony to which they could relate, if not with the violence. Could that film have goaded viewers to become criminals? It…

References

Youtube. (2011) "Scarface movie that released in 1932" Retrieved 11 June 2011 from  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3qx6DhjaAP8 

Youtube. (2011) "Scarface" Retrieved 11 June 2011 from  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g3jin2t_sJM&feature=related 

Pells, Richard H. (1998) "Radical visions and American dreams: culture and social thought in the Depression years" University of Illinois Press.

Lyons, Charles. (1997) "The new censors: movies and the culture wars"

Fighting in the Jim Crow Army by Maggie Morehouse

Maggie Morehouse (2007) opines early in Fighting in the Jim Crow Army that the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896, wherein America codified "separate-but-equal," was still in effect by the time of WWII. The effects of the Supreme Court decision would impact the lives of black Americans for the next half century -- especially in the armed forces, which were segregated until 1947. Morehouse goes on to detail the trials and complications for black soldiers in the segregated Army, as remembered by the black men and women who lived through those times. This paper will examine the most significant aspects of Morehouse's work, and provide a detailed look at the stories therein that shaped the people and the structure of the 92nd and 93rd all-black active divisions.

Morehouse asserts right away that the policy of segregation "failed to produce military efficiency,"…

Reference List

Morehouse, M. (2007). Fighting in the Jim Crow Army: Black Men and Women

Remember World War II. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.

The "Highlander Center," a group advocating rights for African-Americans, "were labeled as subversive and subjected to investigation, and their members were harassed," which sounds a bit more like fascism than democracy.

But were the hearings fair? No, they were highly unfair; from the very beginning, the lack of fairness was obvious to any objective observer; they were called "Hearings egarding the Communist Infiltration of the Motion Picture Industry" (held October 20-30, 1947). The proof was in prior to any fair hearing of the issues or the accused, which is a denial of democratic justice to begin with.

And meantime, the witnesses were classified as "friendly" or "unfriendly." If you were "friendly," that meant you already had cooperated with the HUAC, and had indicated a willingness to point fingers, name names, of suspected "communists," so the members of the committee (which included Congressman ichard Nixon) would look like they were doing…

References

Wheels and Becker. "The Second Red Scare: HUAC vs. Hollywood, 1947."

McClellan, Jim R. "Women's Suffrage: The Nineteenth Amendment is Ratified." Historical

Moments: Changing Interpretations of America's Past, Vol. 2, the Civil War Through the 20th Century. Chapter 15. New York: Cushkin/McGraw-Hill, 2000.

McClellan, Jim R. "Prohibition: The Eighteenth Amendment Takes Effect." Historical Moments:

Sopranos-APA Citation

The Sopranos and Society

Part I (Answer to Question #1)

The Sopranos, the author argues, is a reflection of a moral code which is prevalent in American society. This code, based on a twisted version of the American Dream, basically states that anything is acceptable as long as it furthers one's economic prosperity. No matter who gets hurt, or which laws are broken, as long as it benefits one personally, it is acceptable. Simon argues that the lead character, Tony Soprano, is a representative of the "power elite" in the United States; which also acts in a manner that is strictly for the benefit of themselves and with little regard for the collateral damage they cause. The moral code exemplified by the characters in the Sopranos is a representation of the twisted perversion of the American Dream which some, less honorable members of American society adapt; but unfortunately…

References

Simon, David. (2002). Tony Soprano's America: The Criminal side of the American Dream. Boulder, CO: Westview.

Columbian Drug Trade

If Americans know nothing else about Colombia, they know that it is a place where people grow and package cocaine for use on the world market. This is, of course, a highly biased view of the country because Colombians do many things other than make and sell drugs and most Colombians are not involved in the drug trade at all.

However, it remains true that much of the world's cocaine does originate in Colombia, which has important consequences for that nation's standing in the world as well as for its relationship with the United States. This paper examines some of the consequences for the relationship between the two countries of the ways in which political and economic life in Colombia have become linked to the trade in cocaine.

We must begin this assessment with some basic facts about both Colombia and the drug trade.

It is certainly…

References

 http://www.colombiaemb.org/colombian_economy.htm 

 http://www.globalexchange.org/colombia/spTimes120201.html 

 http://www.gwu.edu/~clai/Commentary%20on%20Colombia.htm 

 http://www.mapinc.org/tlcnews/v02/n101/a03.htm?203

alleged Montreal Mafia leader Vito Rizzuto. A brief biography of Rizzuto will be presented, Rizzuto's current legal situation will be described, and the involvement of national and international law enforcement groups in Rizzuto's arrest will be investigated. Canadian and American legislation used to charge Rizzuto will be outlined. In addition, the expected result of Rizzuto's legal problems will be described, and the impact out of his potential extradition on organized crime in Canada will be discussed. The interests of justice dictate that Rizzuto should be extradited based upon the fact that he would go to trial Canadian laws, and that Rizzuto's extradition would be in the public's best interest. Irwin Cotler should intervene and ensure that Rizzuto is extradited to United States.

Biography

Vito Rizzuto was born in the town of Cattolica Eraclea in Sicily in 1946 (Humphreys, The Man They Call).

He immigrated to Montreal with his family in…

Works Cited

Blue, Laura. The Dirt on the Don. Time Magazine Canada, October 25, 2004.

Canadian Content. Mafia continues Canadian expansion, experts predict turf war, Sep 08, 2002 7:38 PM. 18 October 2004.  http://www.canadiancontent.net/forums/about318.html 

CBC Montreal. Rizzuto lawyers find legal loophole. CBC, Web Posted Mar 15, 2004 07:27 AM EST.

18 October 2004. http://montreal.cbc.ca/regional/servlet/View?filename=qc_rizzuto20041503

Gangs

The Issue of Gangs

History of Gangs in the United States of America

Northeast egion (specifically New York City

Midwest egion (specifically Chicago)

West egion (specifically Los Angeles)

South egion First period

Current Status of Gangs in the United States of America

Types of Gangs in the United States of America

Factors Triggering Indulgence in Gangs

Impacts of Gang Activities on United States of America

ecommendations for Community esponse

This paper will analyze the nature of gang membership within the United States of America by delving into the historical trends and current status of gang membership in the nation. Moreover, the paper will also discuss the factors that trigger the formation of gangs in the state. In addition, it will also put light on the types of gangs that exist in the U.S.A., and the impacts that these entities have on the nation. Furthermore, it will also propose recommendations…

References

Howell, J., Egley, A., Tita, G., & Griffiths, E. (2011). U.S. Gang Problem Trends and Seriousness, 1996-2009, pp. 1-14. Tallahassee: Institute for Intergovernmental Research. Retrieved from  http://www.nationalgangcenter.gov/content/documents/bulletin-6.pdf 

Howell, J., & Griffiths, E. (2015). Gangs in America's Communities. [S.l.]: Sage Publications.

Madden, V. (2013). Understanding the Mental Health Needs of Young People involved in Gangs, pp. 3-26. London: Westminster Joint Health and Wellbeing Board. Retrieved from  http://www.mac-uk.org/wped/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Mental-Health-and-Gangs-Report-2013.pdf 

Pappas, C. (2001). U.S. Gangs: Their Changing History and Contemporary Solution, pp. 1-14. Washington, D.C: Youth Advocate Program International. Retrieved from http://yapi.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/report-gangs.pdf

Enron Ethics

The Enron/Arthur Andersen affair was perhaps the worst business and accounting scandal in the history of the United States. Indeed, Enron was engaging in a massive amount of malfeasance at all levels of the organization while Arthur Andersen, who was supposed to be an ethical and impartial third party, was at least partially in on the fraud. The circumstances were major as the power brokers for both firms paid dearly and many of the top Enron executives were convicted of crimes for their part in the fraud. Kenneth Lay only escaped sentencing because he died before the sentence could be announced. This report shall focus on some of the legal cases that happened in the aftermath of Enron including the obstruction of justice charges against Arthur Andersen and an appeal by Jeffrey Skilling, one of the convicted Enron executives. While the overall guilt of the parties involved were…

References

Abelson, Floyd. 'ENRON's COLLAPSE: THE AUDITOR; Audit Papers Usually Held For Years, Accountants Say'. Nytimes.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 21 Sept. 2015.

Carney, John. 'Why Jeff Skilling's Jail Sentence Got Downsized'. CNBC. N.p., 2013. Web. 21 Sept. 2015.

Grissom, Brandi. 'Errors In Judgment: The Consequences Of Prosecutorial Mistakes -- The Texas Tribune'. The Texas Tribune. N.p., 2015. Web. 21 Sept. 2015.

Mears, Bill. 'CNN.Com - Arthur Andersen Conviction Overturned - May 31, 2005'. Cnn.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 21 Sept. 2015.

Murder Inc. by Graham K. Bell
 

Book Summary

Starting from the 1920s, the American crime landscape underwent a complete transformation under an all-star gang of thugs, garrotters, and snipers. Ethnic and religious diversity was evident in its members. A majority of them hailed from New York City itself, chosen from its toughest neighborhoods, including Ocean Hill, Brownsville, and Flushing. The exorbitant amount of crime they perpetrated led the media to name them "Murder, Inc.."This merciless gang, considered the innovation of Meyer Lansky, Bugsy Siegel, and other elderly gangsters, was quick to catch the entire nation's attention, and made headlines across the country for more than twenty years. Graham Bell highlights the sinister history of the most infamous Mafia crime organization, including the men's identities and the forging of their partnership (Arcadia Publishing, 2010).

The media labeled 1930s-40s organized crime gangs "Murder, Inc.."These gangs were said to work on behalf…

Organized Crime and Its Impact
What are some of the ways that organized crime impacts you and a community or city (of your choice) directly?
Organized crime details a conspiracy among criminal elements who wish to enter into an enterprise engaged in illegal activities as a way of generating dirty money (Dirks & Snyman, 2010). An organized crime is organized as a group with a structure that is similar to some pyramid hierarchy. The groups employ bribery and violence to ensure their operations continue. They also use retribution threats to ensure they maintain external and internal control in the community, and mobilization and thievery to acquire political power during campaigns in order to get immunity from prosecution and exposure (Dirks & Snyman, 2010). The activities of organized crime groups include gun running, kidnapping to get ransom, vehicle theft, smuggling, racketeering, prostitution, pornography, fraud related to credit cards, illegal gambling, narcotics…

Treating Child Abuse Related Posttraumatic Stress

Comorbid Substance Abuse in Adolescents

Judith a Cohen et.al

Strong empirical evidence based on previous research shows a clear association between child abuse and subsequent development of PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder) and SUD (Substance Use Disorder). This article by Cohen et.al is a research review of several independent studies that show correlation between PTSD and SUD. The authors also discuss specific treatment modalities that are effective in treating child abuse related PTSD and SUD.

The Co-occurrence of child abuse and development of PTSD and SUD as co-morbid conditions implies the necessity of specific treatment methods that take into account the previous history of abuse.

Method

The authors performed a literature review of current treatment practices for adolescents with abuse related PTSD and SUD and synthesized the results. Empirical treatment methods for abuse related PSTD and SUD are discussed. Over a broad spectrum of…

Bibliography

Judith A Cohen, Anthony P. Mannarino, Aren C. Zhitova, Margery E. Capone, " Treating

Child Abuse Related Posttraumatic Stress and Comorbid Substance Abuse in Adolescents," Child Abuse & Neglect, 27 (2003) 1345-1365

legal framework which provides the foundations for the American system of labor / management relations.

The state of labor / management relations today is very different than it was 100 years ago. Workers can actually reason with their employers and, more than anything else, employers often find themselves at the mercy of employees (due to the unions) and having to kow tow to their demands. This has both negative and positive ramifications.

The history of the labor / management relations synthesis started in the 1860s when the Industrial Revolution created a surplus of labor and competition between factories for workers. Few laws had existed for workers and employers had been cheap with their wages. Unions had existed in the past and workers had often been fired from unions. In fact, workers who had banded together had been perceived as criminals.

The first national union that succeeded, the Knights of Labor,…

Sources

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Chron. The Evolution of the Labor-Management Relationship  http://smallbusiness.chron.com/evolution-labormanagement-relationship-36056.html 

Jasper, Margaret C. 2002. Labor Law. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Oceana.

Lareau, N. Peter, et al. 2003. Labor and Employment Law. Conklin, N.Y.: Matthew Bender.