Anorexia Nervosa Essays (Examples)

Anorexia Nervosa Teen Anorexia Nervosa

The patients are kept under observation for 24 hours unless the severity of symptoms is higher (Medline Plus 2012).

Outpatient treatment of anorexia

Outpatient treatment of anorexia aims to correct signs and symptoms shown by the patient of anorexia. There are some medical conditions, based on which the anorexic patients are referred to outpatient treatment. Firstly, the patient requires psychotropic treatment, there is failures in physiological functioning and most importantly, the patient poses lesser risk to the other people. The severity of the symptoms is much lesser in outdoor patients as compared to patients recommended in outdoor treatment. Adequate control over eating as well as purging is exhibited by the anorexic patient. One of the most important symptoms is that the body weight of the patient is close to 85% of the normal body weight. An important part of outpatient treatment includes psychotherapy counseling, positive talking to make sure that…… [Read More]

Anorexia Nervosa Is Defined in the Gale

Anorexia Nervosa is defined in the Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine as "an eating disorder characterized by unrealistic fear of weight gain, self-starvation, and conspicuous distortion of body image. The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or DSM-IV (1994), defines two subtypes of anorexia nervosa -- a restricting type, characterized by strict dieting and exercise without binge eating -- and a binge-eating/purging type, marked by episodes of compulsive eating with or without self-induced vomiting and the use of laxatives or enemas. DSM-IV defines a binge as a time-limited (usually under two hours) episode of compulsive eating in which the individual consumes a significantly larger amount of food than most people would eat in similar circumstances."

The incidence of eating disorders, especially anorexia, is increasing at a worrisome rate. During the past three decades the prevalence has increased dramatically. (Tenore) reports an overall incidence of approximately…… [Read More]

Anorexia Nervosa Parkinson's Disease All

Parkinson's disease is a malady that all people should be afraid of because of the fact that it generally chooses its carriers randomly. Also, once having contracted the disease, people should not lose their hope, with numerous people having lived with it for decades. One of the most terrible things about the disease is that it cannot be cured and that the people that have it are forced to live with its curse all their lives.

Society needs to support and understand people that have PD. One of the most common mistakes that people make when meeting someone that had PD is to abstain from treating him or her as if they are equals to perfectly healthy people.

orks cited:

1. Franklin H. Silverman, Barbara Henry "Depression: A Primary Symptom of Parkinson Disease?," ; the Journal of Rehabilitation, Vol. 55, 1989.

2. John Henkel, "Parkinson's Disease: New Treatments Slow Onslaught…… [Read More]

Anorexia Nervosa An a Serious

nurture. This issue has been employed in questioning the role of genetics as well as environment in the analysis of behavior. Several researchers especially geneticists have attempted to interpret the behavior of a person on the basis of natural phenomena. The work of Strober et al. (1985,p.239) indicated that since the 19th century to date, researchers who are studying anorexia nervosa have explore several multiple causes of the illness. Through this work, Strober et al. (1985) that their scientific experiment would be crucial in suggesting that the main cause of anorexia nervosa is genetic disposition. Their study involved the directly interviewing of first degree as well as second degree relatives of several probands on various diagnoses of eating disorders as well as other forms of questions that relates to specific behaviors (p.239). The researchers chose to ask all of the relatives on issues pertaining eating habits, excessive rituals, ideal shape…… [Read More]

Anorexia Nervosa Is a Psychological

People in professions where there is a particular social pressure to be thin (such as models and dancers) were much more likely to develop anorexia during the course of their career, and further research has suggested that those with anorexia have much higher contact with cultural sources that promote weight-loss. There is a high rate of reported child sexual abuse experiences in clinical groups of who have been diagnosed with anorexia. Although prior sexual abuse is not thought to be a specific risk factor for anorexia, those who have experienced such abuse are more likely to have more serious and chronic symptoms (Carter, et.al. 2006).

elationship to Autism -- Psychologists suggested in the 1960s that there might be a relationship between autism and eating disorders, and following several studies in the 1990s, there seemed to be a correlation. Those on the autistic spectrum tended to have a negative outcome with…… [Read More]

Anorexia Nervosa Is a Serious Eating Disorder

Anorexia Nervosa is a serious eating disorder that affects millions of people all over the globe. The purpose of this discussion is to examine this disorder. e will begin by defining and characterizing anorexia nervosa. e will then discuss the factors that contribute to the development of the disorder. Finally, our discourse will investigate the treatments associated with anorexia nervosa.

Definition of Anorexia Nervosa

The Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine defines Anorexia nervosa as, "an eating disorder characterized by unrealistic fear of weight gain, self-starvation, and conspicuous distortion of body image." (Tran) The disorder is a combination of two Latin words that literally mean "a nervous inability to eat."

The Encyclopedia explains that there are to different types of anorexia. The first type is described as restrictive, in which the person suffering with the disorder has a strict diet and exercises compulsively. The second type is described as a binge…… [Read More]

Anorexia Nervosa Is a Serious Eating Disorder

Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder that results from an individual's intense preoccupation with body weight. Individuals with anorexia have difficulty maintaining a normal body mass index score, and frequently make continued efforts to lose weight even if their weight is abnormally low. The psychological factors that precipitate anorexia can be quite complex, and as a result the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder often require thorough psychological assessment, differential diagnosis, and long-term therapy. This paper will explore current research on anorexia and investigate how medical and mental health professionals are using this research to inform their work with anorexic patients (Smith et. al, 2011).

Diagnosis?

According to the American Psychiatrics DSM-IV-T (American Pyschiatric Association [APA], 1994) a diagnosis of anorexia requires the following criteria:

"efusal to maintain body weight at or above a minimally normal weight for age and height, for example, weight loss leading to maintenance of…… [Read More]

Anorexia Nervosa Which Mainly Affects

In fact, males account for 5-10% of reported cases of anorexia nervosa (Hayes). Research suggest that males who develop anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders differ from females in three major areas of dieting behaviors: 1) while females diet because they feel fat, males diet because they have been overweight at some point in their lives; 2) males more often than females diet to attain certain goals in sports or to avoid some type of sports-related injury that would be related to a weight gain; 3) there is a greater preponderance of men who diet to avoid potential medical problems (Hayes). Generally, males believe that dieting and exercise will allow them to fell more masculine and more in control, which will lead to greater respect from others (Hayes).

Anorexia nervosa can cause serious damage to the heart, brain, and other vital organs. Patients may experience a severe drop in pulse…… [Read More]

Anorexia Nervosa Is an Eating Disorder in

Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder in which a person refuses to maintain a healthy weight for his or her age and height. It is a self-imposed starvation resulting from a distorted body image. According to The Journal of American Medical Association, individuals with the disease typically lose 25% or more of his or her original body weight. There is also evidence that anorexia nervosa runs in families and can be inherited.

The exact cause of anorexia nervosa is unknown. It is believed to be a result of psychological, biological, and social stress. It may also be related to sexual development during adolescence. Some experts believe that anorexia nervosa is a response to social attitudes that equate beauty with being thin.

Even though the vast majority of doctors and health care professionals in the United States and around the world are well aware of the dangers of anorexia nervosa and…… [Read More]

Anorexia Nervosa An Is Blamed

In addition, nutritional therapy is often necessary to balance body and brain chemistry before improvement can take place (Lock & Fitzpatrick, 2009).

Prevention

Since an can be so difficult to treat after onset, some researchers are focused on possible measures to prevent the development of eating disorders in the first place, and some of their findings are highly promising (Novotney, 2009). For example, a 2008 study of nearly 500 adolescent girls with poor body image found a 60% reduction in the development of eating disorder symptomology among those who participated in intervention activities (Novotney, 2009). Preventive interventions were based on the theory of cognitive dissonance and required young women to express criticisms of society's ultra-thin female ideal through various individual and group exercises (Novotney, 2009). This suggests that at the middle school and high school levels, parents, teachers, and counselors may be able to counteract some harmful media messages about…… [Read More]

Anorexia Nervosa Why it Is

Anorexics, even those who are outgoing and happy, may become withdrawn and non-communicative when they suffer from the disease. Dr. Lucas writes of one of his patients, "She withdrew even more. One evening her mother found her curled up in her closet, crying hysterically" (Lucas 15). As young women lose weight, often their families become concerned about their weight loss and health, and may try to force the girl to eat or visit a family doctor. This can lead to increased stress and unhappiness in the family, putting more pressure on the sufferer. Many young women with anorexia see themselves as totally in control of their own bodies, and giving up that control (by eating more) is frightening and even horrible to them. This leads to mental anguish and fear of discovery. Many anorexics start to spend much time alone, shutting themselves off from family and friends and any criticism…… [Read More]

Anorexia Nervosa Was Once Considered

Another major finding of this study is that socio-cultural differences were related to anorexia nervosa. The soundness of the resarch design allowed the authors to gather comprehensive case-findings regarding anorexia incidences. Among the mixed-race population, the anorexia rate was at 9.1 per 100,000. However, it is significant to note that there were no cases of anorexia found among the black population, who constituted the largest racial group in Curacao.

Contrary to the hypothesis, however, Hoek et al. (2005) found no evidence that socioeconomic transition caused the emergence of anorexia nervosa in Curacao. After all, if there was a positive correlation, then the fact that Curacao is a "high income" country would raise its anorexia rate to a level comparable to the United States and the Netherlands. The two latter countries have similar anorexia rates, while Curacao's is much lower.

The authors present three possible explanations for this lack of a…… [Read More]

Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia in Adolescents

Young people with poor eating habits can develop eating disorders or these disorders may be in response to various psycho-sociological issues that arise during adolescence. Irrespective of the cause, adolescents with eating disorders run the risk of a wide range of adverse healthcare outcomes, including obesity, high blood pressure, bone loss and even death. The problem is more common than many people believe, and the prevalence of eating disorders has been increasing in recent years due in part to improved recognition of the condition by clinicians. To determine the current state of affairs with adolescent eating disorders, this paper provides a review of the relevant peer-reviewed and scholarly literature to develop a background and overview of eating disorders, their effects and how these conditions are treated. Finally, a summary of the research and important findings about adolescent eating disorders are provided in the conclusion.

Background and Overview

Professional and public…… [Read More]

Causes and Remedies of Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia Nervosa

Naturally, almost all human beings are concerned about adding excess weight. However, in some individuals the fear becomes obsessive, resulting in a condition called Anorexia Nervosa. Anorexia is an eating disorder that could lead to serious weight-loss. The extreme fear concentrates on bodyweight and the food eaten. Anorexia is serious and possibly debilitating life threatening mental sickness (Lloyd et al. 2014). People with Anorexia have not made a 'lifestyle choice'; they are very sick and need help. The reasons for the onset of Anorexia differ from individual to individual; known causes include previous traumatic experiences, environmental, biological aspects. For some individuals, reducing their weight and food can be a way of managing life areas that feel out of their management and their whole body image can come to determine their entire feeling of self-worth. It can be an expression of feelings related to complications like pain, stress, or…… [Read More]

Treating Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa

Treating Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa is an eating confusion described by a terror of fatness experienced during the adolescence period that leads to them to starving themselves leading to harmful low body weight, a moody fear of being fat and compulsive hunt for thinness. Though not limited to a certain age or sex, it mostly affects the female. The eating disorder affects both the physical appearance; thin appearance and psychological health. Though the origin of anorexia nervosa is blurred, severe fasting and weight loss are regularly linked with efforts to manage the increasing psychological and social burden of adolescence, the disorder leads to a reported death rate of 6-10% of the adolescent who do not seek medication in time Berkman et al., 2006.

The worry among most clinicians is whether to focus on anxieties the adolescence have during this period of growth or addressing the rigorous dieting and…… [Read More]

Diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa Judy Jones Aged

Diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa:

Judy Jones, aged 14, has lost 30 pounds in the past year to an extent that she now weighs a very unhealthy 85 pounds. The primary care doctor attending to Judy Jones has ruled out physical causes and given her a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. As a result, Jones situation requires a proper analysis to understand the reason for her weight loss and its link to the physician's diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. One of the major processes used to examine these situations is cognitive-behavioral family therapy. The main focus of the article is to examine Judy Jones' condition through the use of Cognitive-Family therapy techniques and explaining the reasons for the use of these techniques in the case study.

Anorexia Nervosa:

Anorexia nervosa is described as a mental health disorder whose common symptoms include deliberate weight loss, intrusive overwhelming fears of weight gain, and disordered body…… [Read More]

The Causes of Anorexia Nervosa

Since anorexia nervosa is so widely talked about and studied by
scientists and researchers all over the world, those who are affected with
this disorder sometimes find themselves the center of attention in the mass
media, due to their celebrity status and the idea that they may be affected
with this type of eating disorder. One good example is Mary-Kate Olsen who
has been fighting this disorder for a number of years. Many photographs of
Ms. Olsen show her to be quite thin and apparently undernourished, two
important physical traits linked to this disorder. Hopefully, for those
like Ms. Olsen, the true causes of anorexia nervosa may someday be
discovered which would help a great deal in finding a long-lasting if not
permanent cure.
EFEENCES
Glanze, Walter D., Ed., et al. (1990). Mosby's Medical, Nursing and
Allied Health Dictionary. St. Louis, MO: C.V. Mosby Company.
Wolfe, Barbara. (2007). "Anorexia Nervosa."…… [Read More]

Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa Is a

In fact, even executives in fashion and beauty magazines see an alarming trend of "too thin" to the point of looking emaciated and unhealthy -- certainly not a look that "sells" (Wilson 542).

What is happening is a continual push to be something different, not because there is actually anything wrong with us -- at all. It is because advertising tells us that something is wrong. Advertising is part of the marketing mix that is designed to persuade a consumer to purchase something. Of course, there are many ways of doing this, and the "science" of this media has certainly evolved in the last century. Advertising is subliminal, sophisticated, pervasive, covert, overt, and a seminal part of the contemporary world. However, advertising has become so sophisticated that it sends messages both overt and covert that even if we are not paying attention to the exact product, the images we see…… [Read More]

Anorexia According to Guissinguer 2003 Anorectics React

Anorexia

According to guissinguer (2003) anorectics, "...react to loss of body weight by displaying adaptive responses that originally evolved to facilitate leaving food depleted areas." Discuss.

Anorexia is a disorder attributed to attempts to attain a fashionable shape, but numerous studies suggest that it is possible for psychological and societal factors to contribute in the development of this disorder. According to Kaye et al. (1998), anorexia is a disorder characterized by unusual feeding habits, weight control, perceptions of weight and shape, and the view of body shape. In this context, the people involved diet because they fear gaining weight. Nevertheless, the etiology of anorexia is complex, but numerous studies suggest that social, biological, and developmental process influence its growth.

Interestingly, the manner in which these processes interact to enhance its growth remains a mystery. Apparently, views towards the levels of attractiveness in a given society may influence the psychopathology of…… [Read More]

Anorexia A Comparison of Two

In reality, however, this study did not expose anything that has not been discussed repeatedly for decades. The issue of control being a key issue in eating disorders has long been recognized and thus, despite their best efforts, the researchers did not really provide any new information that could be helpful in treating this disorder.

The Scharer study was somewhat more valuable in its findings simply because it focused on a specific treatment program for a specific person. While this could be considered a limitation in terms of the generalizability of the study to other subjects or populations, the intimate focal point actually provides the type of deeper insight that case studies are designed to provide. For example, specifics of Lisa's aftercare are given that help provide insight into what types of monitoring may be needed: "The neighbors who care for Lisa in the evenings may need to be included…… [Read More]

Anorexia Criteria for Diagnosis Physical and Mental

Anorexia

Criteria for Diagnosis

Physical and Mental Signs and epercussions

Different Treatments of Anorexia

Personal eflection

Anorexia Nervosa, a type of eating disorder, continues to plague some of the world's population, particularly white adolescent females obsessed with looking thinner. This paper endeavors to explore what exactly anorexia is, in relation to the category of 'eating disorder' as well as other eating disorders such as bulimia. The criteria for diagnosis will be identified as well as the population in our society most susceptible to falling victim to this mental illness. Physical and mental signs and repercussions will also be highlighted along with 3 case studies advocating different treatments to combat this sickness. Traditional treatment normally consists of hospitalization, followed by psychotherapy. However, family or support therapy is gradually gaining credibility and popularity over traditional treatment routes.

BODY

Despite the fact that there is greater understanding amongst the medical profession and general…… [Read More]

Symptoms of Anorexia and Bulimia

Anorexia and Bulimia

Factors Influencing the Incidence of Anorexia and Bulimia

The two primary eating disorders in Western countries are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Women constitute the primary sufferers of these diseases, with 0.5% to 3.7% and 1% to 3.7% suffering from anorexia and bulimia, respectively (Scott, Hardman, and Berrett, 2007, p. 14). Men also suffer from these eating disorders, but at about one-tenth the rate.

Anorexia is defined by a subnormal body weight (… [Read More]

How to Overcome Anorexia

Anorexia

The author of this report has been charged with covering and summarizing the eating disorder known as anorexia nervosa, or anorexia for short. Along with bulimia, they are the two most prominent and nasty eating disorders that exist among the people of the world. While women are more commonly associated with anorexia, men can develop it as well. What will be covered in this report has it pertains to anorexia will include what it is, who identified and discovered it, how people deal with it and how people end up overcoming it. While it can be a huge challenge for someone to battle and overcome anorexia, it is entirely possible with the right counseling and patient determination.

There is some debate about who first described and identified anorexia. Depending on whom one believes, it was discovered either by British physician William Withey Gull or French Neuropsychiatrist Ernest Charles Lasegue.…… [Read More]

Graduate Certificate Nursing Education Learning of Anorexia

Graduate Certificate Nursing Education

Learning of Anorexia Nervosa & Handling Its Patients

Final Learning Report

DESCRIPTIN F BJECTIVES & THEIR STATUS

Drafting a learning contract and adhering to it along with constant support from my supervisor, was an effective activity which constituted of four weeks. every objective had a milestone plan and necessary measures which were required to be taken for achieving them. Self-expectation after reaching these goals was also documented in order to have a clear picture of my proficiency level in the developing knowledge of Anorexia Nervosa after this activity. The primary objective was to have clear understanding of Anorexia Nervosa, its causes, symptoms and possible treatments. Furthermore, second main objective was to deal with patients having this disorder and their families. These two major goals encompassed the rest. Through reading of the concerned topic were performed and were brought into practical application. Furthermore, efforts were made to…… [Read More]

Female Body Image and Anorexia

The course readings and many other sources show that young women suffering from anorexia are suffering from a skewed body image. In most western societies, the ideal female form is tall and thin, sometimes extremely thin. When young women mature, they begin menstruation, but they also begin to form their curves. They gain fat in their hips and breasts, and sometimes in other areas, too. Many see these curves as feminine, but others see them only as fat, and the goal is to not be fat at any cost. They become obsessed with gaining weight, and will do anything to remain thin and ideal to society. They want to conform and to fit in, and so they turn to anorexia in an attempt to maintain a body image that is really far from ideal. In many cases, they cannot see their own image at all. Even when they lost startling…… [Read More]

Regulating the Lowest Weight a Runway Model

Low eight and Runway Model

Regulating the Lowest eight of a Runway Model

Fashion industry is a type of industry where there are many regulations regarding the looks of the models. One of the most deliberated topics in the fashion business of the United States of America work with the body weight of the models. The critics in this field argue that many of the male and female models are below average weight which is why many of them have developed eating disorders like anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. In the fashion capitals of the world including the New York, London, Paris, and Milan, there is a collection of different approaches that have been executed to compact with this issue (Norgaard).

In this paper we will look into some of the literature regarding the fact that why the models are so skinny especially runway models and legal implications of how…… [Read More]

Eating Disorder and Gender

Eating Disorders and Gender

There are medical conditions which more commonly occur in one gender over another. These conditions can be either mental or physical. Very often, they are both mental and physical conditions. Certain medical situations are extremely severe and can potentially result in serious harm to the body or perhaps even death. There are certain conditions which being with a mental impression, a false belief that has been ingrained within the mind which then manifests itself in the body of the individual. One of the most common and most disturbing types of condition is known as an eating disorder. By this term, it is meant that the patient suffers a mental conditioning which makes them either unwilling or unable to eat in a healthy manner resulting in either over or under eating and malnutrition. Eating disorders such as bulimia and anorexia are the result of psychological issues on…… [Read More]

Eating Disorder Is Characterized by Abnormal Eating

Eating disorder is characterized by abnormal eating habits involving excessive or insufficient intake of food which is detrimental to the individual's physical and mental well-being. There are two common types of eating disorders although there are other types of eating disorders. The first is bulimia nervosa which is excessive eating coupled with frequent vomiting. The second type is anorexia nervosa which is immoderate restriction of food which leads to irrational weight gaining. The other types of eating disorders include eating disorders not otherwise specified which are essentially where a person has anorexic and bulimic behaviors, binge eating disorder which is compulsive overeating without any kind of compensatory behavior, and pica which is craving for certain non-food items such as glue, plaster, paper. It is estimated that roughly 10-15% of cases of eating disorders occur in males and statistics show that women are at a higher risk of developing eating disorders…… [Read More]

Web Page Works Cited Page 1 Sketch a

web page works cited page. 1)Sketch a treatment plan experiencing anorexia. Make account long-term treatment . 2)Alcohol misused abused U.S.

Q1.Sketch out a treatment plan for one experiencing anorexia. Make sure to take into account both the immediate and long-term treatment needs.

or extremely underweight individuals suffering severe health consequences, the most critical initial aspect of treating anorexia is the restoration of body weight and addressing any resulting complications (such as heart problems). or some patients, this may require hospitalization; others may benefit from an outpatient setting which combines communal meals with a therapeutic program. "Cognitive-oriented therapies, focusing on issues of self-image and self-evaluation, are likely to be the most beneficial to the client" (Anorexia nervosa treatment, 2013, PsychCentral).

Some involvement of the family is often thought to be necessary, including using the family as an aid for the patient's treatment and making eating a non-negotiable priority at home. However,…… [Read More]

Motivation to Change and Reduction of Symptoms

Motivation to Change and eduction of Symptoms in Adolescents Suffering from Bulimia Nervosa

In research published by Castro-Fornieles (et al., 2011) the relationship between recovery from bulimia nervosa and motivation to change in adolescence sufferers is examined. The authors of the research had not found any similar research which had looked at this specific area of study. However, the research is based on previous research where strong links between behavioral changes in adults suffering from eating disorders and level of motivational for change. The importance of motivation has been generally accepted as an important influence and predictor of successful change in a range of health issues, such as smoking, which rely on patients implementing and maintaining behavioral changes. When looking specifically as bulimia nervosa, further research has found that relapses are more likely where adults suffering from the condition. In adolescents there has also been research examining motivation and the…… [Read More]

Eating Disorders Over the Last

Project Evaluation

While no one knows what the future will bring, based upon what the background / significance uncovered, it is clear that a large portion of the population sample will more than likely suffer from some type of eating disorder. This will help to achieve the various aims / objectives of project, which are to assist these people, in realizing that they do have a problem and to seek out effective treatment options. This could be a real challenge, in identifying the problem as one issue, while encouraging someone to seek out help is another matter. As these people, must be able to realize that they have a medical condition and want to be able rectify the situation. The only way that this can occur, is for someone to admit that they are suffering from an eating disorder.

ibliography

Women and Eating Disorders. (2007). Now Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.nowfoundation.org/issues/health/whp/whp_fact2.html…… [Read More]

High-Fat High Calorie Diet on

In the STAI, the researcher asks the subjects how they feel at the moment and in the recent past, and how they anticipate feeling in the future (enazon & Coyne, 2000). This test is designed to overlap between depression and anxiety scales by measuring the most common anxiety symptoms which are minimally shared with depression (American, 1994). oth physiological and cognitive components of anxiety are addressed in the 21 items describing subjective, somatic, or panic-related symptoms (Kingsbury & Williams, 2003).

Once those tests are completed, the volunteers will be asked to cycle on an ergometer for 30 minutes. The Talk Test, Target Heart Rate Evaluation, and the org Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale will all be administered while the volunteer is cycling. This is done to determine the energy level - or the perceived energy level - of the volunteer. All of these tests and this same specific pattern will…… [Read More]

Teenage Girls and the Media

Teen Girls and Media

Because of its pervasiveness, mass media such as magazines and television programs are increasingly in a position to influence the behavior and attitudes of teenage girls. In fact, television programs such as ER and sports-oriented teen magazines have been lauded for providing girls with positive role models.

Unfortunately, these programs and magazines remain the exception rather than the rule. Rather than promote healthy lifestyles or give positive role models, much of the media targeted to teens are both physically and psychologically harmful. This paper examines two of these main effects - the promotion of unhealthy habits and lifestyles and the growing tendency of these media to sexualize teens and turn them into consumers.

Unhealthy habits

For noted feminist Germaine Greer, the popularity of television shows such as Baywatch represent a growing pandemic, where all women are expected to conform to an unrealistic body shape. Greer terms…… [Read More]

Eating Disorder Is an Issue

The youngsters and children who suffer from Anorexia Nervosa in early age suffer from low body development, lack of growth of good mental health and particularly with the low growth of sex hormones that make them weaker sexually. You can see many people who have poor body structure and lack of bone density due to their improper nutrition so these children usually have weak bones and there is fear that they may face with bone fracture in their life.

While besides physical body disturbance and weakness it put effect on the brain of human being and person who is diagnose with Anorexia Nervosa have weak structure of their brain and have physiological impact on those people including poor personality, shattered body image.

There are many ways that can be used to cure this disease but first of all you need to find out that you are also suffering from this…… [Read More]

Practical Nutritional Practice Analysis

Vitamin deficiency in food can cause different health deficiencies like Pellagra, Scurvy, ickets among others. Most of these negative health outcomes are evidenced in the staple diet of those in the developing and poor countries. We shall understand some diets that cause these deficiencies in this essay.

Pellagra

The characteristics of Pellagra are mental afflictions, diarrhea, and dermatitis. Inadequate quantity of nicotinic acid in the diet that causes niacin deficiency in the body causes Pellagra. Over dependence on maize is an observed cause of Pellagra. Though Maize contains Niacin, it cannot be absorbed in the body in the raw form. It has to be passed through alkaline hydrolysis to be absorbed by the body. Jowar also contains adequate quantities of Niacin. However, the presence of leucine in jowar inhibits the process of absorption of niacin. Additionally, chronic alcoholism is one known cause of lack of ability to absorb of niacin…… [Read More]

Media on Eating Disorders in Sixteen to Twenty Four Demographic

Media on Eating Disorders with a Concentration of 16- to 24-year-Olds

Agency Name: ocky Mountain Treatment Foundation for Eating Disorders

Location: The ocky Mountain Treatment Foundation for Eating Disorders is located high in the ock Mountains just 15 miles from Colorado Springs, Colorado. It is located on an old camp ground that is housed inside an old student union building. The facility was once part of Colorado University and now used as treatment center for teens and young adults. Led by nine of the top full-time, board-certified psychiatrists plus other professionals that will specialize in treating eating disorders, The ocky Mountain Treatment Foundation for Eating Disorders will consist of a highly skilled treatment team that will works to address each patient nutritionally and psychosomatically, as well as to manage other medical issues common to eating disorders. The ocky Mountain Treatment Foundation for Eating Disorders provides the best contact to some…… [Read More]

Psychological Sequelae of Childhood Sexual

It is also interesting to note that the correlation between depression and childhood sexual abuse was found to be higher among females in many studies.

However, the issue of the relationship between depression and sexual abuse may not be as clear-cut as the above studies suggest. Recent research has begun to question this correlation and has produced findings that suggest that there are many other parameters and variables that should be considered. This is especially the case with regard to the view that childhood sexual abuse necessarily leads to depression in adulthood. As one report claims, "...there is accumulating evidence to contradict these claims" (Roosa,

Reinholtz, (Angelini, 1999). However the majority of studies indicate that there is a strong possibility that children who are sexually abused experience symptoms of depression that can extend into adulthood.

PTSD

3.1. What is PTSD?

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is a disorder that has shown…… [Read More]

Wafer-Thin Model Smiles Wanly at

orks Cited

Energy expenditure in anorexia nervosa." (Jan 2005).

Nutrition Research Newsletter. Retrieved 7 Feb 2006 at http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0887/is_1_24/ai_n8968079

Murphy, Megan. (4 Feb 2007). "The struggle against anorexia: Former UNC swimmer battles the disease." Greeley Tribune. Retrieved 7 Feb 2006 at http://www.greeleytrib.com/article/20070204/NES/102030156

Paccagnella, Agostino, http://www.findarticles.com/p/search?tb=art&qt=%22Mauri%2C+Alessandra%22" Mauri, Alessandra, http://www.findarticles.com/p/search?tb=art&qt=%22Baruffi%2C+Carla%22" Baruffi, Carla, http://www.findarticles.com/p/search?tb=art&qt=%22Berto%2C+Rita%22" Berto, Rita, http://www.findarticles.com/p/search?tb=art&qt=%22Et+al%22" Et al (May / Jun 2006). "Application Criteria of Enteral Nutrition in Patients ith Anorexia Nervosa: Correlation Between Clinical and Psychological Data in a "Lifesaving" Treatment.

JPEN: Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Retrieved 7 Feb 2006 at http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3762/is_200605/ai_n16350972/pg_3

Trebay, G. (6 Feb 2007). "Looking Beyond the Runway for Answers on Underweight

Models." The New York Times. Retrieved 7 Feb 2006 at http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/06/fashion/shows/06DIARY.html?ref=shows… [Read More]

Nursing Consideration for Patients With

Behavioral approaches alone or combined cognitive behavior therapy may be used. Behavioral techniques might include simply not buying trigger foods or avoiding certain shops; that is, building up new habits to replace existing ones. Another example would be modifying eating behavior such as eating in the same place each day, or concentrating solely on eating and not watching television at the same time (Fiona Mantle, 2003)."

It is worth noting here that research has shown that people will change and transform their eating habits, once they learn the advantages and disadvantages of their eating behavioral patterns. However, at the same time, it is also worth noting here that since eating habits can be transformed through learning, they can also be unlearned, however, the process of unlearning may take place through a lengthy passage of time. As Fiona Mantle (2003) writes, "Eating behaviors are learned behaviors therefore they can be unlearned,…… [Read More]

Diagnosis of S Johnson Diagnosis

Therefore, she should be assessed for any possible medication that may help her depression or anxiety. But she also needs a therapeutic approach that addresses her isolation and her needs for healthy and appropriate attachment.

A excellent therapeutic for this need is a ogerian approach that incorporates the positive regard of Carl ogers. The following describes the approach that such a therapist would take:

ogers' strong belief in the positive nature of human beings is based on his many years of clinical experience, working with a wide variety of individuals & #8230; the theory of person-centered therapy suggests any client, no matter what the problem, can improve without being taught anything specific by the therapist, once he/she accepts and respects themselves & #8230;.the resources all lie within the client. (Pescitelli, n.d.)

While critics argue that ogerian therapy is not sufficiently rigorous, it remains extremely effective as a long-term approach for…… [Read More]

Nursing Aspects of Working in

"

One form of self-mutilation can be thought of as culturally accepted, even in the United States. Tattoos, body piercings and earlobe earring holes are all fairly accepted in some if not all social milieux in the U.S. While these behaviors may be viewed by some as pointless self-mutilation, they have a long and multi-varied history in this and many other cultures. The focus of this article is on generally-accepted mutilation, which causes harm to the body and does not meet cultural norms. In its worst form, self-mutilation can include cutting off a limb or self-castration; it is thus a serious problem with a subset of those in the SI cohort. As with many forms of OCD, self-mutilation generally begins in late childhood and the early teen years.

The authors argue that moderate- to severe SI requires a combination of therapies. Since much of the etiology is based in family…… [Read More]

Sex Appeal to Market our Athletes

They ae thee to play and not to show off thei bodies.

Female athletes with lage body size will find discomfots in the tightly fitted unifoms. This then pesents poblem to safety. The female athletes who will not be at ease to the equied unifom could not focus on the game she is playing. She will, fom time to time, ty to eaange, pull o push some pats o the gament whee she thinks she needs to be coveed. With such attention that will be given to the gament, how can it be assued that the athlete will be safe in pefoming on he spoting event?

Lastly, female athletes who have lage body size will not be motivated to join any spoting activities anymoe because of the fea fo negative judgments fom the cowd and the media. The spots aena is becoming moe of an aea fo the body image…… [Read More]

Relationship of Eating Disorders Self-Esteem

These suppositions allow the researcher to view the world from a certain perspective while ignoring other perspectives. The researcher in this study assumes that his subjects are logical human beings who have a rationale point-of-view. Their thinking is valid and reasonable and their approach is more or less along the lines of scientific thinking. In addition, we assume that commonsense thinking and scientific thinking are more or less identical in nature. With these assumptions in mind, we take a post-positivism philosophical foundation; as in line with Trochim (2000) post-positivism is the outright denial of positivism (which argues that the laws of the nature are perfunctory and therefore deductive reasoning can be the only suitable approach to comprehend nature) and presupposes that day-to-day human and scientific reasoning are more or less the same and in order to understand reality, researchers have to use not only deductive but also inductive reasoning (Trochim,…… [Read More]

Overeating Poor Eating Behavior

Alcoholism researchers developed this model. The model presumes that a consumer is in one phase of change at any given time. This model entails Maintenance, action, maintenance, preparation or pre-contemplation (Patrick 189). The concept is that consumers have to shift from one stage to the next. The stages prepare them to move to the next ones sequentially. This suggests that if consumers hurry through or if they skip stages they are likely to experience setbacks. In addition, different stages apply different strategies. For instance, a person who is addicted to smoking and is at the pre-contemplation stage: this means that the person is not even thinking of quitting the habit. Probably, such a person is always not ready to consider making a list of alternatives (Lucas 920).

This model has been successful in areas such as drug abuse, smoking, and alcohol. However, the model has been applied in changing health…… [Read More]

Disordered Eating in College Students

Relationships provide the key experience that connects children's personal and social worlds. It is within the dynamic interplay between these two worlds that minds form and personalities grow, behavior evolves and social competence begins." (1999) Howe relates that it is being acknowledged increasingly that "...psychologically, the individual cannot be understood independently of his or her social and cultural context. The infant dos not enter the world as a priori discrete psychological being. Rather, the self and personality form as the developing mind engages with the world in which it finds itself." (Howe, 1999) Therefore, Howe relates that there is: "...no 'hard boundary' between the mental condition of individuals and the social environments in which they find themselves. The interaction between individuals and their experiences creates personalities. This is the domain of the psychosocial." (Howe, 1999) the work of Howe additionally states that attachment behavior "...brings infants into close proximity to…… [Read More]

Depression and Eating Disorders the Eating Disorder

Depression and Eating Disorders

The eating disorder category in the DSM-IV includes Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and the Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified categories. Peck and Lightsey (2008) note that while the DSM classification symptom is currently the most used system, there has been some debate in the about how to classify people with eating disordered behavior. A viable alternative to the discrete categories used in the DSM is notion of viewing eating disorders along a continuum from having no such behaviors to the severe eating disordered behaviors. In an effort to combine the two methods the self-report Questionnaire for Eating Disorders Diagnosis (QEDD) was developed. The QEDD distinguishes nonsymptomatic individuals (no symptoms) to symptomatic individuals (those that have some symptoms, but do not qualify for a diagnosis to anyone qualifying for an eating disorder diagnosis). Previous research has provided support for this conceptualization by comparing the QEDD with scores…… [Read More]

Clinical Disorder Clinical Psychology and

This leaves many veterans prone to the condition known as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This may be characterized as "an anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to a terrifying event or ordeal in which grave physical harm occurred or was threatened. Traumatic events that may trigger PTSD include violent personal assaults, natural or human-caused disasters, accidents, or military combat." (NIMH, 1) in the particular case of this discussion, military combat is a cause of PTSD that can have devastating long-term outcomes. Indeed, "studies estimate that as many as 500,000 troops serving in Iraq and Afghanistan will suffer from some form of psychological injury, with PTSD being the most common." (Eliscu, 58) the outcomes of this condition will run a wide range of symptoms that impact the ability of individuals to cope with the pressures of everyday life, to relate to those who have not experienced the traumas of war,…… [Read More]

Health Eating Disorders an Eating

Some doctors believe that genetic factors are the core cause of a lot of eating disorders. esearchers have found specific chromosomes that may be associated with bulimia and anorexia, specifically regions on chromosome 10 that have been linked to bulimia as well as obesity. There has been evidence that has shown that there is an association with genetic factors being responsible for serotonin, the brain chemical involved with both well-being and appetite. esearchers have also determined that certain proteins such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are thought to influence a person's vulnerability to developing an eating disorder (Eating disorders -- Causes, 2010).

The advance of food in Western countries has become extremely problematic. The food that is produced in the U.S. every year is enough to supply 3,800 calories to everyone on a daily basis. This is far more than is needed for good nutrition. Obesity is a worldwide epidemic,…… [Read More]

Health Weight and Society the

It is imperative to persuade children to go outside and play and to educate them about exercise. They have to learn that there is such a thing as too much or too little. The best thing one can do for their kids is to take walks because it's beneficial to their health (the Media, 2007). Although a good argument can be made that it is not the media that leads women to get eating disorders and that it is instead society that perpetuates this, I think it could be said that one goes hand in hand with the other.

The manner that the main stream media portrays women in the images that they depict has a definite influence on the way that women feel and how they believe that they need to look like. There is a constant barrage of overly think women seen in advertisements that lead women to…… [Read More]

Life and Death Matters When

What hurt the most is that I felt that my personal integrity and the right to be myself were being unfairly obstructed. I am no longer a child and while I am not an experienced adult, yet I feel that I am old enough to make my own decisions. In fact I began to feel like a prisoner in my own home and this tended to increase my sense of opposition to the attitude of my parents.

A also realized that the root of the problem lay in a lack of understanding and communication. I also felt that my parents had not attempted to listen to side of the argument closely enough. I therefore decided that the argument should end and sat down with my parents one evening to convince them that my eating habits were intended not to harm myself but to increase my quality of life. I was…… [Read More]

Pro-Ana and Pro-Mia Websites Be

These disorders have historically been experienced and treated as individual psychological and medical disorders. Women suffering from them usually came into contact with one another only in institutional settings. ut with the rise of new media technologies and modes of communication, digital communities have provided new possibilities for connections between once isolated individuals. Thus these sites provide a glimpse into the meaning making practices of non-clinical populations." (2008) Indeed what these sites actually provide is a type of framework that might be utilized in the development of treatment options across the population. Pascoe states that already participants in this "online subculture...often rework characterizations of anorexia as a disease by engaging in complex discussions of anorexia as a lifestyle choice in addition to or instead of a medical and psychological disorder. In crafting a complex community with unique symbols, rituals and identities these women provide a fuller picture of eating disorders…… [Read More]

Therapies Alternative Theoretical Approaches to

The benefits of including family in therapy sessions extend far beyond addressing the parents' concerns in this situation, however, and can help to identify underlying problems that led to osa's drug abuse and potentially provide more highly effective long-term solutions to these issues.

Adolescent females were the subject of one study that specifically examined the efficacy of family systems therapy interventions in cases of anorexia nervosa, and the efficacy of this approach compared quite favorable to other therapy techniques (Eisler et al. 2005). Especially noticeable in this study was an increased expression of emotion by all family members, leading to greater openness and a greater ability and willingness to share problems and support each other (Eisler et al. 2005). This effect would likely be highly beneficial to osa and her family as well, as there is almost certainly an underlying stressor that led to osa's drug abuse and overall decline…… [Read More]

Class and Gender

Oppression of Class And Gender

Class and gender are two separate but related concepts in the sociological analysis and understanding of inequality and oppression in society. A definition of class is "A group of individuals ranked together as possessing common characteristics; as, the different classes of society; the educated class; the lower classes." (Definition of class)

According to the sociologist Max Weber class is defined in relation to the way that goods and services are distributed or allocated in a society.

All communities are arranged in a manner that goods, tangible and intangible, symbolic and material are distributed. Such a distribution is always unequal and necessarily involves power. "Classes, status groups and parties are phenomena of the distribution of power within a community."

(MAX WEER: asic Terms)

Class therefore refers to the categories in a society of those who have access to wealth and privilege and those who do not.…… [Read More]

Scientific Process

Kalpidou Costin and Morris (2011) use standard social-science methodology to correlate Facebook use among college students with measures of self-esteem and adaptation to college life. Facebook use was measured according to a survey devised by Kalpidou Costin and Morris, rating emotional and social connection to Facebook, but also according to the number of hours spent on the website, and the number of "friends" on the site. The survey population deliberately included a mix of first-year college students and upper-class students, on the basis that the latter would have an "established social network" already (184). They found that a larger number of Facebook friends was related to poor academic adjustment in college, but worse for the first-year students. The academic adjustment also correlated with poor emotional adjustment, suggesting that "Facebook use, like Internet use, does not fulfill emotional needs" (187). They also discovered that the amount of time spent on Facebook…… [Read More]

Detection and Intervention in Childhood Mental Health

detection and intervention in childhood mental health help prevent mental health problems in adult life?

Disregarding the mental well-being requirements of children is an intolerable violation of our basic undertaking to protect their well-being. Unfavorable mental disposition amidst our children is a less acknowledged difficulty that influences their literary, societal, and emotional enhancement. Mental well-being is a wide attribute to be analyzed. The mental well-being requirements of children and youth demand introspection. There is prevalent refuting that mental well-being is comprehensive of the influence on the children -- amidst all age distinct ions, variety of cultural sections, and all income sections. Such miscomprehensions are recurring, and involvement and care are unlikely to be found. Many people have the belief that children having mental well-being difficulties are just under the impact of a particular passing cloud. (Promoting Access for Children to Mental Health Screens and Assessments in Medicaid and the Children's…… [Read More]

Orthorexia -- Another Sign of

"I don't think the symptoms are significantly different enough from bulimia or anorexia that it deserves a special diagnostic category...It's an obsessive-compulsive problem. The object of the obsession is less relevant than the fact that they are engaging in obsessive behavior," said one such therapist with a shrug (Ellin 2009, p.1). She said that culture had little to do with the psychological problem and that healthy eating was seen by the patient as merely a way to lose weight, or an obsession fixated on a different aspect of food, beyond its caloric content.

It is true that many orthorexic patients, young and old, lose weight, and sometimes extreme amounts of weight. However, not all patients are fixated primarily on weight loss, or on the fat or caloric content of foods. The youth of the patients, and the fact that boys and girls manifest the illness in more equal numbers also…… [Read More]

Binge Eating Disorder

Binge Eating Disorder (BED)

This research concentrates on the role of body weight or shape on self-evaluation on individuals. A healthy individual will use their self-evaluation correctly to manage their weight. However, some individuals over evaluate their weight or body shape on their self-image and this is referred to as simply "overvaluation' (Grilo, 2013). Overvaluation of body shape or weight is a common characteristic among most eating disorders. However, there has been some debate about whether or not this characteristic is present in the binge eating disorder (BED).

BED is defined by recurrent binge eating (eating unusually large quantities of food in a discrete period accompanied by feelings of loss of control), binge-eating episodes are associated with at least 3 of 5 behavioral indicators (e.g., eating much more rapidly than usual), marked distress about the binge eating, and the absence of inappropriate weight-compensatory behaviors that are characteristic of bulimia nervosa…… [Read More]

Night Eating Explore the Individuals

"…people with NES tend to be more depressed than obese people without NES, and the mood of those with NES tends to worsen during the evening, something not seen in other obese people"(Logue, 2004, p. 185).

Among the many studies that provide insight into the background and origins of this syndrome, one of the most enlightening was Obesity by Stunkard, in Fairburn and Brownell (2002). This provides an in-depth analysis of night eating syndrome as well as a concise overview of the background of this condition. Stunkard also refers to a detailed overview of this condition.

Studies using the above criteria estimate that the prevalence of the night eating syndrome in the general population is approximately 1.5% and that prevalence increases with increasing weight, from about 10% of persons enrolling in obesity clinics to as high as 25% of patients undergoing surgical treatment for obesity…it occurs among about 5% of…… [Read More]

Special Education and Students With

(4) Have participating teachers develop and lead online collaborative projects for students with emotional and behavioral disorders.

(5) Develop and maintain an online community for teachers in self-contained units where ideas, lessons, and strategies can be shared.

(6) Train staff on the concepts surrounding Positive ehavioral Intervention Support (PIS) and support teachers as they develop preventative behavioral intervention plans that utilize PIS strategies and concepts. (Rush, 2010, p.1)

Rush (2010) states that the key elements of the model were online, collaborative learning and accessible computer-based educational resources. The results are stated to have exceeded initial expectations for "changing the focus in self-contained classrooms from behavior control to academic achievement." (Rush, 2010, p.1) Not only is academic achievement up but as well it is reported that "behavior referrals are down, and teachers report improved student outcomes in all areas." (Rush, 2010, p.1)

The work of Pierangelo and Guiliani (2008) states the…… [Read More]

Axes Including the Worth and

By rejecting the correspondence theory of truth (namely, as truth corresponding to reality) and postulating instead a relative strata of truth as consisting of a construction of the human mind, the axes are a set of subjective opinions formulated by a socially privileged and credentialed class of individuals who are separate from their prescribed reality (Duffy, et al. (2002). Caplan (2001) (in (Duffy, et al. 2002) provides an instance of social wrongs that can consequent from this with the DSM recommendation for a new category called "Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder." Not only is there no hard evidence to support this category, but also the symptom could have been caused by environmental, instead of biological, causes. emove the environmental stressor and no such 'disease' exists. Instead the DSM axes, created by socially privileged individuals, only harm these women and teens and destroy their socioeconomic status still further by labeling them with an…… [Read More]