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Behavior
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What is Behavior?

Behavior sits at the intersection of psychology, sociology, criminal justice, and organizational studies, making it one of the most broadly examined subjects in undergraduate and graduate coursework. What makes it academically compelling is its relevance to nearly every domain of human life — from how individuals respond to stress and social pressure to how institutions shape and regulate conduct. Courses in cognitive psychology, ethics, public administration, and criminal justice all use behavior as a central lens because understanding why people act as they do is foundational to addressing practical problems in those fields.

The papers archived on this topic reflect a genuinely wide range of approaches. Some take a theoretical angle, such as comparing behaviorism and cognitive psychology to examine how different frameworks explain individual action. Others are case-study driven, applying behavioral concepts to specific scenarios in criminal justice, corrections administration, and law enforcement ethics. Additional papers address applied concerns — fostering appropriate behavior in learning environments, analyzing safety programs, or exploring how stress affects performance within public organizations. Social influences on behavior and the role of kinship systems in shaping conduct also appear, pointing to a sociological strand running through the collection.

A strong essay on behavior needs a focused thesis that specifies which type of behavior is being examined, in what context, and through which theoretical lens. Evidence carries the most weight when it connects observable actions to underlying causes — whether psychological, social, or institutional. The most common pitfall is treating behavior as a vague, catch-all concept; scoping the argument around a specific population, setting, or framework keeps analysis concrete and persuasive.

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Paper Doctorate
Alex from HBO's "In Treatment": trauma and intellectualization
This paper explores the HBO series "In Treatment" with a specific focus on the character of Alex in Season One. The piece provides a diagnosis for Alex's mental health issues with commentary on the treatment he receives in the program. Missing treatment methods and a preferred treatment plans are also offered.
Essay Doctorate
International management and legal systems in the European Union
This paper answers five questions relating to issues from the textbook, all about international management. Subjects covered include ethics, organizational culture, national culture, the European Union, morals, and the different types of legal systems around the world. The European Union is "a unique economic and political partnership between 27 European countries."
Essay Doctorate
Evolution and adaptation in physical anthropology
Physical anthropology deals with the twin questions of how we became human and what it means to be human. To understand these questions, we need to turn to evolution and so evolution describes how synthesis of adaption to environment and mutation of genes, that transpired over the cause of millions of years, shaped the human race in a virtually all ways from physical, to psychological, to social and so forth. Seeing our relatedness to the animal race makes us realize that we are not a distinct, or rather, separate species but that we are linked in relationship to all other genera in the world and it is these roots that shape our particular humanoid characteristics
Research Paper Doctorate
Evolution of leadership theories and their application at Cisco Systems
Leadership theories continue to evolve as the complexity, nature and scope of organizations shift from command-and-control structures to more agile frameworks for managing change. The pace of disruptive innovation is accelerating, forcing reliance on the latest theories of leadership to keep organizations competitive in rapidly changing markets. The intent of this analysis is to evaluate the traditional, contemporary and emerging leadership theories and interpersonal forms of power. Unifying these factors by defining the profile of the ideal leader is also completed in this analysis, highlighting the most effective leadership characteristics and patterns in their specific roles. An organization has been selected, Cisco Systems, to evaluate these theories against. In addition, organizational stressors are also discussed in addition to strategies to managing them so an organization can still attain optimal performance. The five conflict management styles are also discussed in addition to potential barriers to communication, with recommendations on how to overcome them. Analysis of Traditional, Contemporary and Emerging Leadership Theories Traditional leadership theories stressed the concept of the "great man" or leader who was given the role based on behavioral traits and their ability to create and sustain teams' progress towards goals. These "great man" theories also relied on external observation of traits; there was little advanced screening of personality traits or the innate perceptions of highly effective leaders (Fitzgerald, Schutte, 2010). Traditional leadership theories progressed rapidly beyond only the observable traits of a leader and seeing them as innate to the belief that leadership could be mastered as a skill (Buffinton, Jablokow, Martin, 2002). This shift in leadership theories marked the transition of this field from traditional to contemporary research. With contemporary theories, leadership is seen as a skill that can be taught (Purvanova, Bono, 2009). The research of Dr. Max Weber on the traits of charismatic leaders and the contingency theories of Dr. Fred Fielder (Maslanka, 2004) are the foundation of contemporary theories of leadership. These foundational concepts set the foundation for the rapidly emerging leadership theories that are in use today. The inclusion of Emotional Intelligence (EI) and charismatic leadership into a common framework was first completed by researchers James McGregor Burns and Bernard Bass, who created the transformational leadership theory (Maslanka, 2004). One of the most powerful aspects of this theory is that it includes both the behavioral and cognitive aspects of leadership behavior, while also showing how adoption of the five factor model created can also increase leadership effectiveness (Judge, Joyce, 2000). Of the many emerging leadership theorists adding knowledge to this field, Dr. Bruce Avolio and Fred Luthans continued to expand on these leadership theories and show the potential for EI-based leadership models to positively impact corporate financial performance (Fitzgerald, Schutte, 2010). Defining the Ideal Leader The ideal leader at Cisco Systems is one that combines communication and collaboration skills with the ability to create and sustain team progress towards challenging goals. The best leaders at Cisco systems also have the ability to create self-efficacy in their subordinates along with accountability both to each other and to results. In this respect, Cisco's top leaders have strong transformational leadership skills combined with EI-based insights into hwo best to modify their own leadership approaches to meet the directional needs of their group (Purvanova, Bono, 2009). Combining the attributes or qualities of individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation and idealized influence, Cisco's top leaders have a strong foundation of transformational leadership skills (Judge, Joyce, 2000). What makes these leaders different than many others in the high technology industry is their ability to also combine interpersonal forms of power as well. These include coercive power, reward power, legitimate power, referent power and expert power (French, Raven, 1959). Of these, Cisco's top leaders are most effective when they use expert power and referent power, two elements often found in high technology companies given the nature of their business models. Both of these types of power are highly effective in moving new product ideas along to fruition and financial profitability. For Cisco, the pace of new product introductions must continually improve if they are to stay up with their global competitors. Cisco's leaders are given the responsibility for making new product launches contribute a large percentage of profits in any given financial quarter. This is how Cisco ties transformational leadership skills, expert and referent power to financial results. All of these activites revolve around innovation adn new product development.
Research Paper Doctorate
Max Goldman's depression and cognitive decline in Grumpier Old Men
This movie is a sequel to an earlier movie (Grumpy Old Men), about some friends, Max Goldman (Walter Matthau) and John Gustafson (Jack Lemmon). In this movie, John has married Ariel (Ann-Margaret) and Max pretends that…
Thesis Undergraduate
Madeleine Leininger and Purnell's transcultural nursing care models
The basic premise behind transcultural care is cultural competence and sensitivity to providing effective care to diverse groups (Maier-Lorentz, 2008). Today, each subgroup has the right to be respected for its unique individuality. Most health-related educational programs and service providers have statements addressing multicultural diversity. Organizations and individuals who understand their clients' cultural values, beliefs, and practices are in a better position to be co-participants with their clients and provide culturally acceptable care.
Paper Undergraduate
The evolution of psychological epistemology from pre-modernism to post-modernism
From its foundation as a separate science from philosophy and biology, psychology has been a dynamic and ever evolving discipline with ongoing debate as to how to explain and describe behavior and the human mind.
Thesis Masters
The U.S. military's transition from conscription to an all-volunteer force
¶ … front line of defense and the first line of offense of American might, the United States military plays an essential role in maintaining the integrity of the nation's interests at home and abroad.
Research Paper Undergraduate
Evaluator bias and compensation fairness in performance appraisals
Performance appraisal is a vehicle to validate and refine organizational actions such as training and performance and to provide feedback to employees with an eye on improving future performance (Billikopf).
Research Paper Undergraduate
Social control theory and cultural deviance theory in juvenile delinquency
The purpose of this paper is to introduce and analyze the topic of delinquency and crime. Specifically, it will compare and contrast two sociological theories that apply to delinquent behaviors, including major…