COPD
Scenario

Jack Little is a 59-year-old panel beater with a past medical history of smoking two packs of cigarettes per day for approximately 40 years (80 pack years), chronic bronchitis, and corpulmonale. Jack was on holidays with his wife in the high, mountainous area when became extremely short of breath. His wife took him to the Emergency Department (ED). On presentation to the ED, Jack was agitated and dyspnoeic at rest and had a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 15. His physical examination revealed the presence of loud wheeze in the mid-lung fields, a temperature of 38.5 " C, SpO2 88% on room air and a respiratory rate of 28 breaths/min. Jack's lips were bluish color, and he complained of new-onset ankle swelling. During the past three days, Jack has had a productive cough and was expectorating thick, tenacious, green sputum in the morning on waking up. Dr. Santorini ordered a….

COPD Teaching Plan and Its Contribution to Healthcare:
Nurses not only strive to restore health in sick individuals but they also seek to promote maximum health potential in healthy people. The major way through which nurses achieve this goal is through patient teaching in which these health practitioners assist patients and their families to develop effective health behaviors and lifestyles. During this process, nurses use various teaching plans including Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) teaching plan. The need for using this teaching plan is attributed to various factors such as the increase in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the past 25 years despite COPD cases being largely underreported or misdiagnosed. The other reason necessitating the use of this teaching plan is the fact that management of COPD is complex as patients need to make changes in their lifestyles as the take medications.

Contribution to the Future of Healthcare:

The contribution of COPD teaching….

COPD Exacerbation
differential diagnoses for Jane may be congestive heart failure (CHF), which could account for her dyspnea and be associated with her lifelong habit of smoking, exacerbated by a glass of wine in the evenings; it could possibly be treated by surgery, with the addition of eliminating smoking and alcohol. Peak expiratory flow can be measured to distinguish COPD from CHF. A second differential may be Alpha1-Antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), which could be indicated by the sputum, wheezing, and smoking. This is an inherited genetic condition and can be treated similarly to treating COPD (Stoller, Aboussouan, 2012). Bronchiectasis could be a third differential, but the absence of crackles could rule this out, though voluminous purulent sputum could signify it as a possibility; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs would be recommended for treatment. Pulmonary emboli may be a fourth diagnosis, and anticoagulation measures would need to be adopted to treat (Guyatt et al., 2012).….

COPD Case Study
The author of this report has been prepare a brief report about Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD for short. There will be two main foci when it comes to the subject. The first part will speak to the facts and details that pertain to COPD and what is involved in living with and treating the disorder. Further, there will be an explanation of how to implement these facts and details in a clinical setting. There will also be a case study subject selected and scrutinized as part of this report. There will be an explanation of the diagnosis, a comparison between the prior-researched guidelines and the patient's condition and the treatment or management options that exist for the patient based on all of the above. While COPD is a grave diagnosis to run into, it can be managed and quality of life can be maximized post-diagnosis.

Analysis

As explained….

COPD
The author of this report has been asked to do a brief report on the disease that has come to be known as COPD. COPD is short for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. As part of this report, there will be a brief description of the factors related to COPD and how they influence the development and progression of the disease as defined by the guidelines in the source used. That source is from the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. The publication being used is their latest version of their global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of the disease. The edition in question was published in April 2015.

Within the GOLD guidelines, there is a specific section early in the document that specifically pertains to the development and progression of the disease and that section appears on the fourth and fifth page of the document. When it comes….

family copes with COPD
COPD Nursing Intervention: Patient and Family Coping

The objective of this work in writing is to analyze current literature and apply various nursing approaches to a family experiencing a complex health challenge related to their current clinical practice experience.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a "progressive illness characterized by airflow obstruction and dyspnoea that afflicts over 12 million people and represents a leading cause of death in the United States. Not surprisingly, COPD is often associated with emotional distress and reduced psychosocial adjustment, which can negatively affect physical functioning and impair quality of life. However, the psychosocial consequences of COPD remain largely untreated." (Blumenthal, et al., 2009)

Coping with COPD and Impact on Patient's Family

The Journal of Family Practice article written by Fisher and Weihs (2000) reports that the National Working Group on Family-Based Interventions in Chronic Disease:

"…identified potential mechanisms by which the relational context of the family….

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder
COPD

COPD Diagnosis, Management, and Exacerbation Prevention

The treatment objectives for chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) outlined by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease are two-fold: (1) the immediate relief of symptoms and (2) the long-term management of disease (GICOPD, 2013). Patients will present in the clinic with shortness of breath, a chronic cough, or production of sputum and a complete patient history will often reveal pulmonary exposure to environmental contaminants. A COPD diagnosis is typically made when the FEV1/FVC ratio is less than 0.70 as determined by spirometry. atings of disease severity are based on post-bronchodilator FEV1. The patient should also be evaluated and treated for common comorbidities, such as lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, depression, motor impairment, and osteoporosis.

Long-term management of COPD focuses on the relief of symptoms and treatment of comorbidities (GICOPD, 2013). Smokers are encouraged to enter a smoking cessation program, which….

What is your primary diagnosis for this patient at this time (Support the decision for your diagnosis with pertinent positives and negatives from the case)?The primary diagnosis for the presenting client is moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (ICD-10-J44.9). A COPD diagnosis is given if the FEV1/FVC predicted is less than 0.7 percent (Haynes, 2018). The client reports an FEV1/FVC of 0.52, which is indicative of diagnostic airflow obstruction. The FEV1/FVC ratio of.

Scientific literature review on COPD
This review and analysis seeks to show comparisons between the long-acting effects of tiotropium versus ipratropium in the reduction of exacerbation risk and referrals related to COPD in COPD patients. The data in this study was acquired from the General Practice data base for research (GPD). The study shows that patients subjected to tiotropium treatment suffered severe COPD compared to those treated with ipratropium (Griffin et al. 2008). The review also focused on when that medication is administered and the accompanying concomitant application of the inhaler and nebulizer relative to the quality of life, efficacy and symptoms of the patient. A study in which COPD patients of over 50 of age were randomly placed in three groups, i.e. inhaler, nebulizer and concomitant treatment was done. St. George's espiratory Questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. The most significant improvements in the quality of life were….

HPI: John Master, a 47-year-old male, visits Doctor Ps office presenting with a productive cough with haemoptysis, wheezing, and shortness of breath. He indicates that the cough has been intermittent. He also complains of pleuritic chest pain. John Master indicates that he feels well at rest but when working, he markedly gets short of breath. The patient also indicates that over the last few weeks, he has not been as energetic as before.Background Notes: John Master happens to be a heavy smoker and admittedly smokes 1 cigarette pack a day. His father died of lung cancer 15 years ago. The patient is married and two children (a 9 year old son and a 6-year old girl)Examination: Examination revealed 87% oxygen saturation, increased respiratory rate at rest (23/min), and blood pressure 118/69?mm Hg. Further, John Masters heartbeat was 105/min (resting). The patient weighs 223 lbs and has a height of 59.….

Mrs. J CaseClinical Manifestations in Mrs. JSubjectively, Mrs. J presented with anxiety (she is worried her health is so bad she is going to die), difficulty breathing, exhaustion, and lack of strength to eat or drink. Objectively, she had an irregular heartbeat, elevated heart rate, low blood pressure, crackles in her lungs, hepatomegaly, and blood-tinged sputum. She also had fever and malaise, which could be symptoms of an acute infection which might have led to the acute decompensation of her chronic conditions (Caterino et al., 2019).Four Cardiovascular Conditions and InterventionThe cardiovascular conditions Mrs. J is at risk for include hypertension, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and chronic kidney disease.Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy and ultimately heart failure (Slivnick & Lampert, 2019). Antihypertensive drugs such as enalapril can be administered, along with lifestyle modifications like diet and exercise.Atrial fibrillation can cause heart failure due to rapid heart rate….

Case Study eport of Eddie: Acute espiratory Failure with Underlying COPDToday, approximately 10% of all intensive care unit admissions as well as almost one-quarter (24%) of all patients that require mechanical ventilation, are due to acute respiratory failure (Parcha et al., 2021). The purpose of this case study report is to provide an assessment of Eddie, a 50-year-old male recently admitted to the intensive care unit with acute respiratory failure. The case study report begins by providing a brief description of acute respiratory failure, including its pathophysiology, subtypes, causes, and diagnostic criteria. The next section provides a critical analysis of Eddie\\\'s presentation on admission to intensive care, linking it to pathophysiology, physical assessment findings, and diagnostic tests, to arrive at a diagnosis of Eddie\\\'s acute respiratory failure. In addition, the case study report evaluates and describes the ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch that was identified in Eddie\\\'s diagnosis. In addition, an interpretation….

M.K., a 45-year-old female who has a history of Type II diabetes mellitus and primary hypertension. In addition to this, M.K. is overweight and persists with a poor diet. The patient has also been smoking for the past 22 years, and has recently been diagnosed with chronic bronchitis. Current symptoms include chronic cough, which tends to be more severe in the mornings and productive with sputum, light-headedness, distended neck veins, excessive peripheral edema, and increase urination at night. The patient is currently on several medications including Lotensin and Lasix for the hypertension, along with Glucophage for the Type II diabetes mellitus. From an analysis of M.K.'s lab results, this report will offer clinical findings and treatment recommendations, as well as suggestions for what other conditions M.K. may be at risk for given her health history, lifestyle, and lab results as follows:
Vitals

BP

158/98 mm Hg

CBC

Hematocrit

57%

Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)

Arterial Blood Gas Assessment

PaCO2

52 mm….

T for Decision Makers in espiratory Care
X for COPD

Craig osebrock, MD, and James Donohue, MD

T for Decision Makers in espiratory Care

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an inflammatory-linked condition associated with airflow limitations to the lung tissue of a patient. Numerous disease states can be linked to the condition including asthma, bronchitis, emphysema and triggers associated with the presence of inflammatory inhalants. Epidemiologically, the strongest causative factor in COPD globally is cigarette smoke (Lopez, 2006). The authors present the prescription pharmacological factors associated with COPD treatment focusing on clinical pharmacology, clinical data and meta-analysis data to demonstrate treatment options and effectiveness. The primary recommendation for COPD management is cessation of smoking and avoidance of tobacco and nuisance particles. Following a discussion of smoking cessation, the authors discuss the types and use of pharmacotherapy in treating COPD.

Table 1 within the publication describes the recommendations for managing COPD with pharmacological approaches. The….

Community Outreach
COPD and the Elderly Population

Although discussions about death and dying can be uncomfortable for patients, family members, and healthcare providers, the subject is important - especially for people with severe chronic illnesses (Covinsky, et al., 1994; Schiff, et al., 2000). The issue of a living will is particularly important for people with COPD, who are at risk for being placed on a ventilator (breathing machine) when they are very ill (Schiff, et al., 2000). As a home health nurse, it is easy to discover that many COPD patients do not have living wills and have not made final decisions and arrangements with their families. While it is natural to want to put off the inevitable decline and demise as long as possible, there is no substitute for making appropriate plans in order to determine what will take place in the future (Covinsky, et al., 1994). For purposes of this….