Course Of Action Essays (Examples)

3

16

JTF

JFACC

JFLCC

JFSOCC

JFMCC

Yellow MOD

Coordination

TACON

OPCON

COCOM

XX

ESG

CSG

SAG

MPS

PATRON

SAG

Amphib

X

SF

NSWTG

PSYOPS

JSOAC

AETF

AEF

ASOG

Yellow

Patrol

Boats

COA 1

Task Force

Command Level

Major Subordinate Element

(MSE) Level

MSE Subordinate

Units Level

Depict Command Relationships

X

XX

Yellow

JTF-50 COA Presentation Format

DJMO C340 EXERCISE MATERIAL

Reading C340.3

17

Phase I-Deter

Air and naval strikes, in coordination with Sof and Marine for Operation theater entry.

Additional forces are brought to the shore whenever it is necessary.

With control area being denied to enemy forces

That could be of a big threat to mine clearing operations.

With central areas denied to enemy forces that could threaten other areas, mine clearing operations commence in the Strait of Mormuz

With the straight being open, some of the forces that are ashore and then withdrawn.

Phase II-Seize Initiative

A…

Similarly, there is no way to ensure 100% job satisfaction with every employee all the time. One can only cross-train, communicate, work on a job extension and stretch plan, and use every potential resource available to allow the employee to self-actualize. Change is frightening to some, but with perserverance, tenacity, and commitment, our organization will be stronger because of it. Further, effectiveness within an organization is a measure of how effective the organization is in achieving the outcomes or goals it has for itself. An organization's effectiveness is also interdependent upon its set of morals, ethics, and ability to community appropriately. Effectiveness is important in different ways for different organizations because of the criteria used to judge (e.g. A non-profit aid group might have a different benchmark than a new accounting firm). It is sometimes difficult for an organization to be effective due to external factors, lack of clear definition…

REFERENCES

Bloom, B. (2006, January). Bloom's Theory and Constructivism. Geoconstructivism.com. Retrieved from:  http://goconstructivism.blogspot.com/2006/08/blooms-taxonomy.html .

Choi, T. (1995). Conceptualizaing Continuous Improvement: Implications for Organizational Change. Omega, 23(6), 607-24.

Culp, C. (2001). The Risk Management Process: Business Strategy and Tactics. New York: Wiley.

Huber, D. (2006). Leadership and Nursing Care Management. Trenton, NJ: Elsevier.

By attaching visual elements to specific words and even to specific sounds within those words, many learners that might struggle with simple auditory approaches attached only to visuals of the letter might be better able to commit letter/phoneme associations to memory (Fox, 2011). The use of pictures also seems more interactive and engaging with the learners than simply showing visuals of letters associated with sounds, as it speaks to the imagination of the learners and gives them something to respond to in addition to the simple reading facts being presented. In this way, both the educator and the learners can be drawn into the lesson more fully, it would seem, and there is definite evidence that pictures make both the lessons and the material more memorable when they are properly used (Fox, 2003).

Other issues raised on these two DVDs such as synthetic phonics are also fairly controversial, and seem…

References

Elam, S. (2010). Phonics primer. Accessed 19 March 2012.

http://www.nrrf.org/PhonicsPrimer.pdf

Fox, B. (2011). Word identification strategies. Toronto: Lavoisier.

Logistics and supply chain management is what Wal-Mart has as a core strength, and have consistently found new processes to accelerate inventory turns, reduce waste of time and money in the process (Dobbs, 2007). This efficiency of the Wal-Mart supply chains and its ability to move millions of products into the hands of consumers weekly is what gives the company exceptional power over supplier relationships as well (Hansen, 2009).

etailing

The unique strategies that Wal-Mart relies on for retailing emanate from their expertise in logistics and supply chain management, and the ability to manage pricing exceptionally well as a competitive strength (Appelbaum, Lichtenstein, 2006). The approach to retailing at Wal-Mart is more comparable to the end-point of a supply chain where the distribution center is actually the retail store. This is precisely the model that Wal-Mart relies on to gain process and cost efficiencies from its support and retail staff.…

References

Appelbaum, R., & Lichtenstein, N.. (2006). A New World of Retail Supremacy: Supply Chains and Workers' Chains in the Age of Wal-Mart. International Labor and Working Class History, 70(1), 106-125.

Raj Arora, & Charles Stoner. (2009). A mixed method approach to understanding brand personality. The Journal of Product and Brand Management, 18(4), 272-283.

Richard De Santa. (1998, January). Technology. Supermarket Business, 53(1), 18.

Dobbs, J.. (2007, October). The logistics of boosting efficiency. Retailing Today: CONNECTING NORTHWEST ARKANSAS,7.

Skill Building

The course work has immensely improved my reading, writing, and thinking skills. Prior to reading the course materials, there were established beliefs on certain issues and interest in me. For example, the issue of racism and health care was a matter that had always caught my attention, because of my Hispanic heritage. acism was a topic of concern and interest, but I was never a victim of any form of racism. Therefore, from the beginning, I was not in a position to fathom the ordeal and experiences minorities go through because of racism. It is through reading, writing and analytical thinking of articles that I appreciated this social dynamic. It has always been difficult for me to explain and imagine that I could be a victim of racism.

After this course, I am able to use my reading skills that have improved and increased my reading speed and…

References

Bond J. & Bond S. (1994). Sociology and Health Care. NY: Churchill Livingstone.

Parks, J.A. & Wike, V.S. (2010). Bioethics in a changing world. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Wilson, W.K. & Kass, L.R. ( 1998).The ethics ofHuman Cloning.New York: AEI Press.

Affirmative Action

In order to evaluate whether Fairview County Public Library's affirmative action plan is valid, identifying the basis for its implementation is necessary. Affirmative mainly serves to redress the injustices caused by a society's historical discrimination against people of color, women and other minority groups by leveling the uneven playing ground (Maltz, 2005). Through affirmative action, institutions and organizations attempt to foster diversity in a liberal and democratic society. This is exhibited by prestigious institutions of higher learning. Admission policies on affirmative action have been effective in aligning the balance of opportunity and power whilst ensuring that formerly excluded societal groups are currently included in the system (Bennett-Alexander & Hartman, 2009).

Evidently, the affirmative action plan will be valid when it creates a level playing field for a minority group biased in the current system. It is important to clarify why three of thirty supervisors in the library branches…

References

Bennett-Alexander, D.D., & Hartman, L.P. (2009). Employment law for business (6th ed.). New

York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Maltz, L. (2005). Affirmative action. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press.

The individual, who considered his action to be voluntary, because of slight negligence of social responsibility, and ignorance, now under goes trail in the state court. The individual is being accused for that entire he was much unaware about, and rather it would be right to say that he is being charged for his ignorance. is self-thought voluntary move is now considered terrorist support.

There was a local reported incident in the past where individual was forced to commit a crime only because he was being pressurized or forced to do so. It was reported within my neighborhood that the reputed banker was forced by his boss to indulge in the malpractice, and commit an intentional folly of manipulation of accounts. The banker was being blackmail by his boss; the boss was creating hindrance for his subordinate, and kept continuously delaying the release of employee-loan. The employee had no option…

Hye-Kyung Kim, Nicomachean Ethics: Aristotle with an Introduction. Translated by F.H. Peters in Oxford, 1893. (Barnes & Noble, 2004)

Terence Irwin, Nicomachean Ethics. 2nd Ed. (Hackett Publishing Co.)

Wikipedia, Nicomachean Ethics referred at  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicomachean_Ethics

The shared understanding is crucial in order to build strength and enough confidence necessary for the implementation of strategy and to necessitate evolution.

Second Phase: LG's strategic intent

In order to remain competitive, LG has to stick to its long-term vision which should act as stabilizers to the corporation in times of uncertainty. The vision in this case refers to as a statement of the things that can be achieved by the corporation. The concept of strategic intent is very crucial to the operating of a corporation since it acts as a magnet that pulls the present corporate dynamics and activities to the future. Any given strategic intent should be formulated in a manner that the corporation's remain with a large vision that can energize the workforce at all times. The formulation of new strategic intent options can help LG in capturing new markets while remaining competitive within the uncertain…

References

Chandler, AD (1962).Strategy and structure: chapters in the history of the industrial enterprise.

The American Historical Review, October 1962, Vol. 68 Issue: Number 1 p158-158

Bradford, RW (2008). Communicating Your Strategic Plan with Employees . Available online http://www.strategyletter.com/CD1103/featured_article.php retrieved 16 January 2011

Bartlett, C. And Ghoshal, S. (1994), "Changing the role of top management: beyond strategy to purpose," Harvard Business Review, Vol. 72

It has been reported that due to the economic disparity the available opportunities have been inaccessible for the minority groups, and therefore such initiatives are important to be formulated which facilitate the minority groups in their quest to reach the mark. Affirmative Action is incorporated once the society has failed to materialize the society value equality and fairness. Affirmative Action are installed only to regret the failure on the behalf of the state to ensure equality and justice to the people irrespective of the racial, sexual, ethnic and religious divisions, therefore the Affirmative Action has diluted the heavily concentrated ethnic and racial vigor, and has subdue the negative fallout of such practices. Affirmative Action has brought ultimate relief to those particular elements of the society which were previously ignored, and whose existence was previously deplored in the society. The American society has although benefit from the implementation of the Affirmative…

References

James P. Sterba. Affirmative Action around the World: An Empirical Study. New Haven & London: Yale University Press. Journal Title: Stanford Law Review. Volume: 57. Issue: 2. 2004

Ronald Dworkin. A Matter of Principle. McGraw-Hill. pp. 294-303. 1985.

Randall Kennedy. Persuasion and Distrust: A Comment on the Affirmative Action Debate. Thomson South-Western Publication. 1987. pp. 165-180

Jed Rubenfeld. Affirmative Action. Yale Law Journal. Volume: 107. Issue: 2. 1997. pp. 213-230. Yale University, School of Law Publication.

Discrimination and Affirmative Action

Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) enforced by the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) prohibits private and state and local government employers with 15 or more employees from discriminating against individuals on the basis of disability. Title I of the ADA also generally requires covered employers to make reasonable accommodations -- changes in the workplace or in the way things are usually done that provide individuals with disabilities equal employment opportunities." (U.S. Equal Opportunity Commission, 2008) In order to meet the ADA's definition of disability the individual must have a "physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities; (2) has a record of such an impairment; or (3) is regarded as having such an impairment. This definition of disability may differ from the definition used in other laws. For example, the term "disabled veteran" means an individual…

Bibliography

Chapter 4-1, Equal Employment Opportunity Program (Sept. 12, 2003) U.S. Department of Justice. retrieved from: http://www.justice.gov/jmd/ps/chpt4-1.html

Dunn, CP (1997) The Normative Defense for Affirmative Action. Journal of Management Inquiry. Retrieved from:  http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/faculty/dunnweb/pubs.aa.html 

ETERANS WITH SERVICE-CONNECTED DISABILITIES AND THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT (ADA): A GUIDE FOR EMPLOYERS (2008) U.S. Equal Opportunity Commission. Retrieved from: http://archive.eeoc.gov/facts/veterans-disabilities-employers.ht

NSPECTOR GENERAL INSTRUCTION 1440.1 (2005) SUBJECT: Equal Employment Opportunity Program. Department of Defense. Retrieved from:  http://www.dodig.mil/fo/Foia/ERR/IGDINST%201440.1%20IG%20Signed%2011-09-05.pdf

Problem
From the onset, it is important to note that nosocomial or healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs) happen to be rather common in our healthcare settings. In basic terms, nosocomial infections could be defined as the all those infections that are acquired or contracted within the healthcare environment. To be more specific, the World Health Organization – WHO (2020) defines the said infections as all those infections that “affect patients in a hospital or other health-care facility, and are not present or incubating at the time of admission.” Further, according to WHO (2020), this category of infections could also be inclusive of infections acquired by hospital staff in the course of executing their functions within a healthcare facility. This is the definition that will be adopted in this policy brief. As the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – CDC (2018) observes, at least 1 out of a total of 31 hospitals…

References
Andersen, B.M. (2019). Prevention and Control of Infections in Hospitals: Practice and Theory. New York, NY: Springer.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – CDC (2018). HAI Data. Retrieved from  https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/index.html 
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – CDC (2020). States with HAI Reporting Mandates. Retrieved from  https://www.cdc.gov/hai/state-based/required-to-report-hai-nhsn.html 
Despotovic, A., Milosevic, B., Milosevic, I., Mitrovic, N., Cirkovic, A., Jovanovic, S. & Stevanovic, G. (2020). Hospital-acquired infections in the adult intensive care unit—Epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and risk factors for acquisition and mortality. American Journal of Infection Control, 48(10), 1211-1215.
McIntosh, D.G. (2018). Healthcare-associated infections: potential for prevention through vaccination. The Adv Vaccines Immunother., 6(1), 19-27.
Stone, P.W., Pogorzelska-Maziarz, M., Reagan, J., Merrill, J.A., Sperber, B., Cairns, C. …Skillen, E. (2015). Impact of laws aimed at healthcare-associated infection reduction: a qualitative study. BMJ Qual Saf., 24(10), 637-644.
World Health Organization – WHO (2020). Health care-associated infections FACT SHEET. Retrieved from  https://www.who.int/gpsc/country_work/gpsc_ccisc_fact_sheet_en.pdf?ua=1 

Management action plan (MAP) is a series of steps that are required for achieving a specific goal with certain resources within a definite time period. This paper would focus on an action plan for an identified opportunity for improvement (OFI) in a hypothetical hospital, named XYZ hospital, and the course of action for this purpose would be developed. Along with that, list of possible actions would be stated so that measurable goals could be set after which, accountability, measuring and monitoring would be formulated.

Identification of the Problem or Opportunity for Improvement (OFI)

Every business tries to hire the most qualified and experienced employees for the best performance of their organization; same stands true for hospitals. The highly skilled staff, in the form of doctors and nurses, is required for provision of better services to the patients in a high performing hospital (Lowe, 2012, p. 29). The investment in employee…

References

Asegid, A., Belachew, T., & Yimam, E. (2014). Factors influencing job satisfaction and anticipated turnover among nurses in Sidama zone public health facilities, South Ethiopia. Nursing Research and Practice, 2014. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/909768 

Bhatnagar, K. & Srivastava, K. (2012). Job satisfaction in healthcare organizations. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 21(1), 75-78. DOI: 10.4103/0972-6748.110959

Buchan, J. & Aiken, L. (2008). Solving nursing shortages: A common priority. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17 (24), 3262-3268. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02636.x.

Carayon, P., & Gurses, A.P. (2008). Nursing Workload and Patient Safety -- A Human Factors Engineering Perspective. In: Hughes RG, editor. Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. Retrieved from  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2657/

Decisive Action y a High School Principal

The Process of Decisive Action

By a High School Principal

During my day at Young Middle Magnet School, I oserved Dr. Angela Chaniel work as a school district representative and administrative figurehead as she dealt with parents, students, and her own faculty. It was primarily communicative skills that allowed her to address each issue separately and outline the circumstances of each situation in a clear fashion. It was also keen prolem-solving techniques that allowed her to solve several issues presented to her y faculty and students alike. She also proved herself to e an excellent administrator, with a clear vision for the school and the educational progress of the students. Through evaluating oth the classrooms in her schools and the curriculum taught in those classrooms, relationships etween teachers and students, and an evaluation of standardized test scores, Dr. Chaniel is ale to pinpoint…

bibliography, because I did not have enough information on those sources to cite them. I was also unsure about the purpose of several sources. Please read and let me know how you would like for me to edit this paper going forward. This is a first draft, and although it is complete, I always offer a second draft provided I am given specifics on where to take the paper from here.

Sincerely, E.J.

The personal is the political. Spiritual values undergird secular norms. It is impossible to totally segregate religion from social engagement. At the same time, fusing religion and politics can be dangerous business. As Massaro (2012) points out, the two most obvious perils associated with the improper blending of Church and State include sectarianism and theocracy. Sectarianism, denounced by the Vatican, refers to deliberate isolation from the world, in self-sustaining and cohesive communities. As attractive as it may be to form religiously minded societies apart from the world, the real work—the hard work of creating the Kingdom of Heaven on Earth—cannot be done in those types of settings. Sectarianism is akin to apathy for the remainder of the planet, and is an isolationist policy that abnegates personal responsibility.
Another one of the dangers of fusing Church and State is theocracy. The dangers of theocracy are well known to those all around…

It is also worth noting that Joan has limited ability to prove the allegations a week after the fact.

Thus, Joan's best course of action would be to sidestep the official channels and seek an informal resolution. She should informally speak to Tim regarding the issue, and make sure that management's positions on the matter are well-known. She could even offer that he take the counseling voluntarily to avoid further investigation into the matter. On the management side, she should further act to protect the company's best interests by introducing a policy of mandatory post-accident drug testing to the next round of union negotiations. This would come with stiffer penalties than are currently prescribed. This further protects the interests of the company, and again without suffering short-term negative consequences. Additionally, these actions affirm a positive management-union relationship and improve standing by creatively solving an ethical dilemma in a manner that…

Affirmative Action Challenged

Currently, there is an increasing move away from government-centered to multi-sectored public service entities. This has created a challenge for the maintenance of equality-based programs like AA in an environment that seems to have made this move increasingly outdated. Some have even mentioned that it is addressing a problem that no longer exists (Selden). As such, Affirmative Action (AA) has been and remains a widely divisive and contested issue since its implementation in the workplace.

The initial purpose of AA was to address issues of inequality in workplaces and learning institutions after the success of the equal right movements that started during the 1960s. Particularly, non-white races and women gained greater benefits from being included in these institutions. Since the 1960s, AA has been used more or less consistently to ensure an equally representative workforce across the country. When investigating what AA has in fact accomplished, however,…

Security management
1. In a civil action, how can a claim of negligent hiring have a greater chance of succeeding?
Jurisdictions have been increasingly putting laws in place pertaining to what makes organizations a potential target for a lawsuit on negligent hiring. Though in most instances, claims of negligent hiring may be effectively fended off, it proves increasingly tricky in the following cases:
· If the individual harming or injuring another is an employee of the company.
· If the employee is found guilty of harming, injuring or doing any damage to the complainant.
· If the organization was aware of, or ought to have been aware of, the employee’s tendency to inflict harm or injury.
· If the organization was inattentive when hiring the individual and failed to carry out a proper background check which could have identified the individual’s tendency to cause harm to clients or colleagues (McCrie, 57-60).…

Self-motivation empowers individuals to take action when others hesitate and accomplish tasks that others may find too challenging. I believe there have been several instances, in my lifetime, which demonstrates my skills with self-motivation. It will be this ability to motivate myself, coupled with my desire and discipline that will allow me to successfully graduate from a respiratory care program.

The most poignant example, of my self-motivation abilities, is the one that exemplifies my belief that every obstacle I encounter includes a unique opportunity for me to grow and learn. During my life, very few things have been handed to me. I've had to work quite hard to earn almost everything I have and have accomplished, in my life. Some would see this as an insurmountable challenge. They would give up on trying to overcome this challenge, and not pursue a higher education. Instead many of my friends and family…

A reserve force will be positioned south of PL WHITE IOT reinforce the line should 77th MID push BCT past PL BROWN. Heavier fighting is expected along eastern column, as two key avenues of approach enter AO4 near eastern border.

Sustaining Operations:

After BHO, sustaining operations will be minimal until decisive operation, particularly for the western column located in mountainous areas. Furthermore, while eastern column is located in more accessible territory, fighting will also be heavier, as the COA depends upon channeling 77th MID into KURA RVR valley. IAW the COA, the decisive operation will occur shortly after initial AH attack, and thus substantial sustaining operations beyond initial BHO and AZ passage behind lines will not be necessary or available.

BCT Fires:

Fire assets located near KURA RVR will attack AH forces using two main avenues of approach. Fire assets located in western column will prevent 77th MID from moving…

Actions Lawsuits in Employment Sex-Discrimination Lawsuits: When are they Appropriate?

The class action lawsuit is a somewhat controversial tool, particularly in the case of employment discrimination. In many ways, it is a hallmark of judicial efficiency. After all, if a number of plaintiffs have the same claim against a defendant, it is inefficient to try the same case a number of times. Moreover, later plaintiffs may be unable to recover if earlier plaintiffs exhaust a defendant's financial resources. Therefore, if a company has an employment policy that is facially discriminatory, or has a readily-provable and consistent disparate impact, class-action litigation can be appropriate. However, in many ways the class actions lawsuit is not well-suited for employment discrimination lawsuits. Employment discrimination, particularly gender-based employment discrimination, is frequently subtle and a finding of discrimination is not going to be based on company policies, but on the treatment of a particular individual. Moreover,…

References

Cummings, S.L. (2011). Privatizing public interest law. UCLA Public Law Series. Retrieved January 25, 2012 from eScholarship website:

 http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0q7515ht 

Epstein, R. (2003). Class actions: Aggregation, amplification, and distortion. University of Chicago Law Review, 70, 475-518.

McKinney, C. (2011, June 20). Supreme Court blocks class action sex discrimination suit.

Action

The importance of creativity and innovation in the workplace is well documented, but the debate over nature vs. nurture continues with some authorities maintaining that people are born with attributes such as creativity and innovation while others argue that such attributes can be inculcated over time (Furnham & Heaven 1999). To determine the facts in these matters, this case study examines the relevant literature to gain some fresh insights concerning how creativity and innovation can be most effectively stimulated, support and sustained within a given organization. A summary of the research and important findings are presented in the case study's conclusion.

Companies of all types and sizes are currently attempting to gain a competitive edge through creativity and innovation. Creativity in the workplace is defined by Garrison, Harvey and Napier (2008) as being "the production of ideas, products, or procedures that are (a) novel or original; (b) appropriate for…

References

'Coast Guard Innovation Program.' (2008) Commandant Instructions 5224.13, CG-09. Washington D.C., U.S. Department of Homeland Security.

Garrison, G. Harvey, M. & Napier, N. (2008) 'Global Decision-making: the Role of Managerial

Curiosity in Assessing Potentially Disruptive Information Technologies.' Multinational

Business Review, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 21-23.

Action eport (AA)

The importance of this coursework has certainly been underscored over the course of the past several days as Hurricane Sandy ravaged the East Coast of the United States. While the devastation is not unprecedented on the American continent, hurricane Sandy was a contemporary anomaly for the region with respect to the severity of damages and the scope of the devastation. As Mayor Cuomo stated, after a succession of natural disasters of this magnitude, it becomes impossible to refer to hurricane Sandy as a once-in-a-lifetime event. Moreover, health care management received considerable attention in the media coverage of Hurricane Sandy. Hospitals had to evacuate patients to safer zones and -- mid-crisis -- hospitals lost power and had to move critically ill and high risk patients to different facilities. Indeed, media coverage permitted the ongoing development of a case study in the importance of effective disaster relief policies and…

References

Athan, E., Allworth, A.M., Engler, C. Bastian, I, and Cheng, A.C. (2005). Melioidosis in tsunami survivors. [Letter to Editor]. Posted 14 September 2005.

Baldwin, K.M. (2005). Welcome to Texas. Clinical Nurse Specialist. National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists.

Cordero, J.F. (1998). The epidemiology of disasters and adverse reproductive outcomes: Lessons learned. Environmental Health Perspectives Supplements, 101(2), 131-136.

Krisberg, K. (2006). Health workers struggling to meet needs a year after Katrina: Gulf Coast communities work to recover. [Website]. Posted 3 October 2005.

Over the course of the project, I took the responsibility for ensuring that all of the bureaucracy and paperwork regarding the needed permits for the addition's plumbing, electric work, and building materials remained in order. I became more fluent in the legal language as well as the technical aspects of a major construction effort. After the addition was built, I had to ensure that the work passed its inspection within the time of the contract -- and check for the company's own peace of mind that the work was sound from the bottom of its foundation to the top of its rafters.

This experience brought about an intense sense of self-actualization, as I gained confidence in my own leadership abilities and competence. Nothing could be taken for granted, and it was my duty to check and double-check even the work of 'experts.' Because of my thoroughness, my ability to speak…

action that has been developed in Western culture over many centuries. While we can trace the origins of this term to the Greek and Socratic philosophers, it has a special relevance to theory and practice in the twentieth century. In the mid-twentieth century critical thinking became a much debated and contemporary subject that was linked to the rationalistic and interrogative mode of scientific inquiry (Defining Critical Thinking, para. 3).

Critical thinking is in essence a form of thought that places the very way that we make decisions and understand and interpret ideas and concepts into question. A commonly accepted definition of critical thinking is as follows.

Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. (Defining Critical Thinking, para.3)

In other words, stated…

References

Fowler B. Critical Thinking Across the Curriculum Project. Retrieved July 14, 2009,

from  http://mcckc.edu/longview/ctac/definitions.htm 

Defining Critical Thinking. Retrieved July 14, 2009, from  http://www.criticalthinking.org/aboutCT/define_critical_thinking.cfm 

Schafersman S. (1991) Introduction to Critical Thinking. Retrieved July 14,

Changing Affirmative Action Laws

The Need to Change Affirmative Action Laws

The affirmative action laws have been around since the 1960s, but now there is a need to change them due to the changes that have been seen in society. The laws were designed for a very specific time in history, and at that time they were what was needed in order to make sure people who had been discriminated against were no longer treated unfairly based on traits such as skin color (Should, 2012). Unfortunately, most people do not spend much time thinking about affirmative action unless they are directly affected by it. That can come through getting a job because they are a member of a protected class, or being overlooked for a job because they are not a member of a protected class. In either instance, affirmative action comes into play and affects the people who can…

References

Crawford, C. (1992) weighing the morality of affirmative action as racial preference. (2013) Retrieved from http://www.debatingracialpreference.org/Morality_of_Affirmative_Action.html

Dontigney, E. (2013) Advantages and disadvantages of affirmative action in the workplace. Retrieved from  http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-disadvantages-affirmative-action-workplace-18141.html 

Rosado, C. (1997). Affirmative action: A time for change? Data retrieved from  http://www.edchange.org/multicultural/papers/caleb/aff-action.html 

Should affirmative action laws be changed (2012) Retrieved from  http://www.researchomatic.com/essay/Should-Affirmative-Action-Laws-Be-Changed-94715.aspx

TESOL: Materials and Course Design

A situation analysis, giving all details availale efore the course egins:

New comers of the TESOL school scheme will e assessed for their English language proficiency y the teachers assigned y TESOL (Teaching of English to speakers of other languages). Programming system will e run under this teacher - memer of TESOL (Dorr, 2006).

This TOSEL teacher is assigned to assist and teach student in estalishing sound understanding of English language, coping with the required skills and academic strategies to assist the process of gaining firm proficiency in English language as necessitated y the course design and classroom environment (Dorr, 2006).

Teacher assigned y TESOL is also a memer of programming system as a support memer, the team of which is designed to develop a close relation with students and collaoration with other related groups including programming team, parents, other teachers, administrative staff and counselors…

bibliography of ESL resources: Suggestions for selecting materials & ircs top choices. Illinois Resource Center.

Hamayan, E., Marler, B., Sanchez-Lopez, C. And Damico, J. (2007). Special Education Considerations for English Language Learners: Delivering a Continuum of Services. Caslon Publishing.

Kieffer, M.J. (2008). Catching up or falling behind? Initial English proficiency, concentrated poverty, and the reading growth of language minority learners in the United States. Journal of Educational Psychology, 100, 851-868.

Linse, C. (2008). Language Issue or Learning Disability? Essential Teacher, 5/4, 28-30.

Roessingh, H. (2006). Early language and literacy development among young ELL: Preliminary insights from a longitudinal study and the dual language book project. [Power Point Presentation Slides] Retrieved online November 20, 2011 at https://webdisk.ucalgary.ca/~hroessin/public_html/Early%20language%20and%20literacy%20development%20among%20young%20ELL.%20old%20word.ppt

Business Lawsuits

Summarize the actions that lead to the lawsuit.

The actions that lead to the lawsuit are from an Ace Hardware franchisee alleging that they were defrauded by the company. What happened is oy and Pattie Ewers are suing based on the fact that the company deceived them into buying a well-known hardware store in Northern Virginia (named Fisher Hardware). The basic idea is that the Ewers' would make an initial purchase. While Ace, set up the franchise and helped the facility to build upon the customer base that was established over 60 years. ("Ace Hardware Lawsuit," 2012)

However, after the Ewers' received a $1.8 million SBA loan is when they were facing numerous difficulties with a supply chain that was filled with bugs. To make matters worse sales were much lower than the financial figures that oy Ewers examined before purchasing the store. The combination of these factors…

References

Ace Hardware Lawsuit. (2012). WHLA. Retrieved from:  http://www.wjla.com/articles/2012/08/ace-hardware-lawsuit-fischer-s-hardware-owners-claim-ace-ruined-business-78662.html#ixzz2EzL0SOQP 

Barkoff, R. (2008). Fundamentals of Franchising. Chicago, IL: American Bar Association.

Barney, J. (2012). Purchasing, Supply Chain Management and Competitive Advantage. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 48 (2), 3 -- 6.

Cross, F. (2011). The Legal Environment of Business. Mason, OH: South Western.

Economics Course

Economics impacts on many areas of life subsequently it will impact on many areas of professional life. eflecting on the lessons learned, including the knowledge and skills gained, the real value is in the way that economics concepts can be applied to the real world; not only to explain event that are seen in the macro-environment, but to guide the way personal decisions will be made with that knowledge.

The first indicator of the lessons and concepts taught in the class being absorbed and developing into transferable knowledge has emerged with an increased understanding of the way that the economy operates and the influences which are present in the economy that are driving up prices.

There are many examples of the economic concepts; one example is the way that supply and demand has impacted on oil prices which has had a knock on effect in the economy as…

References

Baye Michael, (2007), Managerial Economics and Business Strategy, McGraw-Hill/Irwin

Greimel, Hans, (2012. April 30), Toyota wants high-volume U.S. Prius output by '15; Hunt is on for N.A. hybrid parts suppliers, Automotive News, p4

Nellis JG, Parker D, (2006), Principles of the Business Economics, London, Prentice Hall.

Scholes, Louise; Siegel Donald S; Wilson, Nick; Wright, Mike, (2012, Feb), Private equity portfolio company performance during the global recession, Journal of Corporate Finance, 18(1), 193.

It was this Executive Order that required all entities doing business with the federal government to agree that, by doing so, that they would not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, or national origin but the Executive Order went further and required that such entities agree to take steps to ensure adequate representation where it is found that there is an underrepresentation of women and other minorities. The terms of Title VII prohibit discrimination but it does not impose affirmative duties. Therein lays the essential difference affirmative action as dictated by Executive Order and the statutory provisions of Title VII.

Under the terms of the Executive Order, which is enforced by several offices of the federal government but enforced against employers through the Department of Labor's Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (U.S. Department of Labor, 2012), entities that fail to comply are debarred from further participation…

References

Civil Rights Act of 1964 § 7, 42 U.S.C. § 2000 et seq (1964).

Exec. Order No. 11246, 30 FR 12319, 12935, CFR, 1964-1965.

U.S. Department of Labor. (2012). Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs. Retrieved from United States Department of Labor:  http://www.dol.gov/ofccp/ 

Affirmative Action

Affirmative action refers to the positive steps such as policies, rules, and regulations which take represent minority groups in the work place with the final benefit of making them represented in the workplace to counter the effects of discrimination. Some of the discrimination factors that against which affirmative action are instituted are race, religion, sexual orientation, gender, color, and national origin Pynes, 2008()

Position on affirmative action

Affirmative action helps to eliminate discrimination in the workplace. It helps to end unfair treatment of employees or students based on their characteristics such as race, color, etc. This helps to create an equal employment opportunity environment for the workers since there will be no stereotyping and they will all be given an equal chance of succeeding at what they do. Also, affirmative action ensures that the minority groups are represented in the workplace Beauchamp, 1998()

However, on this line, affirmative action has…

References

Beauchamp, T.L. (1998). In Defense of Affirmative Action. The Journal of Ethics, 2(2), 143-158.

Holzer, H.J., & Neumark, D. (2000). What Does Affirmative Action Do? Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 53(2), 240-271.

Pynes, J. (2008). Human resources management for public and nonprofit organizations: a strategic approach. New York: Jossey-Bass.

Sowell, T. (2004). Affirmative Action Around the World: An Empirical Study. London: Yale University Press.

Corporate Social Action of McDonald's and the Problem of Obesity

Corporate Social Responsibility

This paper proposes a corporate social action to McDonald's to address the issue of obesity among general consumers which is caused by high-calorie and spicy fast foods. The paper starts by highlight some research studies which explain how fast foods cause obesity among children and adults, and proceeds by discussing why McDonald's should take an initiative to remove this criticism by the local and international community. The paper also highlights the strategies to implement this action plan, the intended outcomes and affected stakeholders, the constituent parts of the plan, and unintended consequences or weaknesses of this initiative by the company.

The Social Problem:

Obesity is one of the major issues in health care. It gives rise to various heart diseases, diabetes, and other health related consequences (orld Heart Federation). A number of research studies have been conducted…

Works Cited

Benloulou, Jonathan. "Pelman v. McDonald's: An In-depth Case Study of a Fast Food -- Obesity Lawsuit," 2005. Print.

Environmental Action, "Marching against McDonalds," ProQuest Central, 1993: 25 (3). p-10.

Lu-sted, Marcia, Amidon. Obesity & food policing, 1st Edition. Edina, Minn.: ABDO Pub. Co., 2008. Print.

McBride, Sarah. "Currents: Exiling the Happy Meal; Los Angeles Lawmakers Want to Escalate the War on Obesity (and Fast Food)." Wall Street Journal, 22nd July, 2008: A.14. ProQuest. Web. May 11th, 2013.

Solutions to incorporating fluency instruction in the classroom include repeated reading, auditory modeling, direct instruction, text segmenting, supported reading, and use of easy reading materials. Young readers may not always know what fluent reading should be like. Despite the awareness, oral reading fluency is a neglected aspect of the classroom (Allington, 1983). Therefore, according to Fluency for Everyone, written by asinski, "It seems clear that students need frequent opportunities to see and hear fluent reading. Since the most fluent reader in the classroom is the teacher, the teacher should be the primary model" (1989).

The method of auditory modeling can be used in several ways. Auditory modeling can dramatically improve fluency among readers (Dowhower, 1986). She says, "Auditory or oral modeling may be the most powerful of all techniques in encouraging prosodic reading." Prosodic reading can be described as reading with voice inflection and expression. Dowhower believes that modeling oral…

References

Abram, S. (nd) The Effects of Fluency Instruction Incorporating Readers Theatre on Oral Reading Fluency in an Eighth-Grade Classroom. Retrieved from:  http://arareading.org/doc/Susan_Abram_Reading_Fluency_Action_Research.pdf 

Anderson, R., Hiebert, E., Scott, J & Wilkinson, I. (1985). Becoming a Nation of Readers, Urbana, IL: The Center for the Study of Reading.

Cooper, D. (2000). Literacy: Understanding Literacy Learning and Constructing Meaning. Massachusetts: Houghton Muffin Company.

Fluency (nd) National Institutes of Health. Chapter 3. Retrieved from:  https://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/nrp/Documents/ch3.pdf

action(s) should Christians take regarding the environment and its preservation or restoration?

Environmental Christianity

There is presently much controversy regarding environmentalism and religion is particularly important when considering people's involvement in preserving the environment, with Christian groups from around the world being actively engaged in preserving and restoring it. Although there are a series of techniques that people can use in trying to save the environment, some methods are actually ineffective. The environment is rapidly deteriorating and urgent action needs to be taken in order for the process to be slowed down and eventually even stopped. Christian values influence people in protecting the environment, as it is essential for humans to benefit as a result of having access to the resources offered by a healthy planet. Christians should take advantage of the fact that their religious preferences bring them together and attempt to fight against environmental deterioration on several fronts.…

Works cited:

Jenkins, Willis "Missiology in Environmental Context: Tasks for an Ecology of Mission," International Bulletin of Missionary Research Oct. 2008

Novotny, Patrick Where We Live, Work, and Play: The Environmental Justice Movement and the Struggle for a New Environmentalism (Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2000)

Reilly, Patrick "Leftists Pushing Radical 'christian' Environmentalism," Human Events 22 June 2009

Sideris, Lisa H. Environmental Ethics, Ecological Theology, and Natural Selection (New York: Columbia University Press, 2003)

Action for Gain Laundry Detergent / Gain Laundry Detergent: Action Plan

Action Plan

Focus on what can be controlled

etest the product

Choose the target customers

Improve Packaging

Price Strategy

Brand Image and Promotion

Obtain Feedback

The enzyme-driven, stain-removal laundry detergent known as 'GAIN' was launched in markets in the year 1969. In 1981, however, the brand opted to alter its positioning as stain remover -- it re-positioned and marketed itself as a detergent producing a pleasant scent. All through the decade, the persistent vision of the brand was: leveraging Gain's wonderful scent experience to buyers looking for a 'fresh-smelling' detergent. This positioning strategy prompted a rapid boost in the brand's business, and, even now, the same positioning is used, drawing in customers looking for the good scent experience it offers (Target Market News, 2007). The brand has gone through numerous re-branding exercises to improve brand position in markets, similar…

References

Hose, C. (2015). Top Ten Promotional Strategies. Advertising & Marketing. Texas: Hearst Newspapers, LLC. Retrieved on 15 September, 2015 from  http://smallbusiness.chron.com/top-ten-promotional-strategies-10193.html 

Kolenda, N. (2015). The Psychology of Pricing: A Gigantic List of Strategies. Psychology & Marketing. Kolenda Entertainment LLC. Retrieved on 15th September, 2015 from  http://www.nickkolenda.com/psychological-pricing-strategies/ 

Lauren, L. (2015). Why Is a Target Market Analysis Important?. Advertising and Marketing. Texas: Hearst Newspapers, LLC. Retrieved on 15 September, 2015 from  http://smallbusiness.chron.com/target-market-analysis-important-22979.html 

Marketing Donut. (2015). Online Marketing. Retrieved on 15th September, 2015 from  http://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=http://www.marketingdonut.co.uk/marketing/online - marketing&ei=A_xORWZZ&lc=en- IN&s=1&m=101&ts=1442358059&sig=APONPFlofnaXeFzc37v3i4EySZ7ndK2mnQ

Indeed, it may be argued that action research is uniquely suited to the conditions within the classroom. So reports the text by Ferrance, which indicates that "action research is a process in which participants examine their own educational practice systematically and carefully, using the techniques of research. It is based on the following assumption. . . teachers and principals work best on problems they have identified for themselves." (p. 1)

The implication here is that the constant state of flux revealed by day-to-day activities within a course and in interaction between professor, students, content and other entities justify the use of a research framework which is similarly mutable. As the source by Ferrance argues, the improvement of one's own practice of education may well be based on the ability of the instructor to evolve in harmony with an evolving understanding of the community systems, social networks, cultural inclinations and academic…

Works Cited:

Dick, B. (2000). A Beginner's Guide to Action Research [Online]. Available at  http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/gcm/ar/arp/guide.html 

Ferrance, E. (2000). Action Research. Northeast and Islands Regional Educational Laboratory at Brown University.

Hence, it is important for the proper application of the AA idea that those who make the anti-discrimination and AA policies understand both sides of the story and both the discriminator's and the victim's perspectives. So, in essence those groups of people who disagree on certain ideas or approaches towards justice must try to adopt an unbiased approach to understanding the reason behind the existence of the differences and resolve them through negotiation. This particular approach will allow the phenomenon of AA to be ethically acceptable in the long run (Katznelson, 2006).

There are many researchers who also support the use of the distributive format of justice for maintaining equality instead of the compensatory format of justice. This is so because many of these researchers believe that compensatory justice does not have an impact on the discriminatory act instead it mainly compensates ad tries to make up for the harm…

References

Boston, T and Nair-Reichert, U. (2003). Affirmative Action: Perspectives from the United States, India and Brazil. The Western Journal of Black Studies, 27.

Bulman-Pozen, J. (2006). Grutter at Work: A Title VII Critique of Constitutional Affirmative Action. Yale Law Journal, 115

Chambers, D.L., Clydesdale, T.T., Kidder, W.C. And Lempert, R.O. (2005). The Real Impact of Eliminating Affirmative Action in American Law Schools: An Empirical Critique of Richard Sander's Study. Stanford Law Review. 57: 6.

Chronicle of Higher Education. (2001). College enrollment by racial and ethnic group, selected years. Chronicle of Higher Education Almanac. Available:  http://chronicle.com/weekly/almanac/2001/nation/0102002.htm

(Stasz, and Bodilly, 2004)

In the press release by Mike Bowler and David Thomas (2005), High School Students Using Dual Enrollment Programs to Earn College Credits, New eports Say. According to this report, the federal budget proposes to increase access to "dual enrollment" programs for at-risk students. Out of the approximately 2,050 institutions with dual enrollment programs, almost 110 institutions, or 5% (about 2% of all institutions) offered dual enrollment programs specifically aimed toward high school students "at risk" for failing academically. Two new reports by the U.S. Department of Education's National Center for Education Statistics also confirm that high school students currently take advantage of programs to earn college credits. The High School Initiative, designed to help prepare high school students to graduate with skills needed to succeed, permits states and districts to utilize funding for:

individual performance plans, dropout prevention efforts, demanding vocational and technical courses, college awareness…

References www.eric.ed.gov:80/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=ERICSearchResult&_urlType=action&newSearch=true&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=au&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=%22Ahola+Sakari%22Ahola, Sakari & www.eric.ed.gov:80/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=ERICSearchResult&_urlType=action&newSearch=true&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=au&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=%22Kivela+Suvi%22Kivela, Suvi. (2007). "Education Is Important, but..." Young People outside o Schooling and the Finnish Policy of "Education Guarantee." Routledge. Retrieved March 5, 2008, at  http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal?_nfpb=true&eric_viewStyle=listERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=high+school+vocational+courses&searchtype=basic  & RICExtSearch_SearchType_0=kw&pageSize=10&eric_displayNtriever=false&eric_dis ayStartCount=11&_pageLabel=RecordDetails&objectId=0900019b801cf28f&accno=EJ 73348&_nfls=false

Bowler, Mike & Thomas. David. (2005). "High School Students Using Dual Enrollment Programs to Earn College Credits, New Reports Say." Retrieved March 5, 2008, at  http://www.ed.gov/news/pressreleases/2005/04/04062005a.html  www.eric.ed.gov:80/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=ERICSearchResult&_urlType=action&newSearch=true&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=au&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=%22Cavanagh+Sean%22Cavanagh, Sean. (2006). Perkins Bill is Approved by Congress; Editorial Projects in Education. RetrievedMarch 5, 2008, from:  http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal?_nfpb=true&eric_viewStylelist&EICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=high+school+vocational+courses&searchtype=bas  & ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=kw&pageSize=10&eric_displayNtriever=false&eric_ isplayStartCount=11&_pageLabel=RecordDetails&objectId=0900019b8015ea43&accn =EJ748517&_nfls=false www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5020969480

Chang, E.S., Chen, C., Greenberger, E., Dooley, D., & Heckhausen, J. (2006). What Do They Want in Life?: The Life Goals of a Multi-Ethnic, Multi-Generational Sample of High School Seniors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35(3), 321+. Retrieved March 5, 2008, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5020969480  www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5024401870

Christle, C.A., Jolivette, K., & Michael, N.C. (2007). School Characteristics Related to High School Dropout Rates. Remedial and Special Education, 28(6), 325+. Retrieved March 5, 2008, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5024401870  www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5023042611

Dymond, S.K., Renzaglia, a., & Chun, E. (2007). Elements of Effective High School Service Learning Programs That Include Students with and without Disabilities. Remedial and Special Education, 28(4), 227+. Retrieved March 5, 2008, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5023042611  www.eric.ed.gov:80/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=ERICSearchResult&_urlType=action&newSearch=true&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=au&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=%22Gentry+Marcia%22Gentry, Marcia; www.eric.ed.gov:80/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=ERICSearchResult&_urlType=action&newSearch=true&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=au&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=%22Peters+Scott+J.%22Peters, Scott J.; www.eric.ed.gov:80/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=ERICSearchResult&_urlType=action&newSearch=true&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=au&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=%22Mann+Rebecca+L.%22Mann, Rebecca L. (2007). Differences between General and Talented Students' Perceptions of Their Career and Technical Education Experiences Compared to Their Traditional High School Experiences. Prufrock Press Inc. Retrieved March 5, 2008, at  http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal?_nfpb=true&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=high+school+vocational+courses&searchtype=keyword&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=kw&_pageLabel=RecordDetails&objectId=0900019b801cbe46&accno=EJ773183&_nfls=false  www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5002014218

A company may be profitable, but not growing, and vice versa, thus affecting leverage (Aggaral and Zhao, 2007).

b. induce a negative relationship between firm value and leverage; conversely, if a firm is perceived with negative or flat growth, leverage is affected. Interestingly enough, new research shows that there are some micro-factors outside of growth that correlate to value and leverage. These include the way a corporation is managed, the size of the Board, the impression of large dividends and lack of focus on shareholder value, and milking of an industry (e.g. yellow pages in the day of the Internet). In addition, certain governmental regulations that are perceived as heavy handed and/or not conducive to growth or -- what is most critical -- perceived growth have considerable negative effects on leverage. Whether this psychological perception is valid or not, the research does not comment -- but it is surprising that…

REFERENCES

Iyer, Khwaja, Luttmer and Shue. (2009). Screening in New Credit Markets. Retrieved July 2010, from Harvard University: www.hks.harvard.edu/fs/akhwaja/papers/PeerLending_09.pdf

THe Economics of Financial Intermediation. (2007, January). Retrieved July 2010, from Oswego.edu: http://www.oswego.edu/~edunne/340ch11.htm

Internal Governance. (2009, January). Retrieved July 2010, from IT Business Edge:  http://www.itbusinessedge.com/topics/show.aspx?t=542 

Stakeholders - Interests and Power. (2009, January). Retrieved July 2010, from Tutor2u.net:  http://tutor2u.net/business/strategy/stakeholders-interests-and-power.html

Covert Action

One of the key changes of the late 20th century, certainly enhanced in the early 21st, is that of the economic, political, and cultural movements that broadly speaking, move the various countries of the world closer together. This idea, called globalism, refers to a number of theories that see the complexities of modern life such that events and actions are tied together, regardless of the geographic location of a specific country (political unit). The idea of globalism has become popular in economic and cultural terms with the advent of a number of macro-trade agreements combined with the ease of communication brought about with the Internet and cellular communication, but also the concept of the global environment as a single organism (Schneider (ed.) 2004, 9). However, the changes in the global, post-World War II and even Cold War environments have also changed the perceptions of most individuals about the…

REFERENCES

Aldrich, Tawnsley and Yeh 2005, The Clandestine Cold War in Asia, 1956-65, Frank

Cass, New York.

Boyd, A 2007, Operation Broken Reed: Truman's secret North Korean spy Mission that averted

World War III, Carroll and Graf, New York.

Affirmative Action

Possible Disadvantages

As previously seen, it is clear Affirmative Advantage is not entirely beneficial to all. Although it promotes greater diversity in the workplace, which is essentially a prime solution for combating ongoing prejudice, it also promotes reverse discrimination. Thus, there are some clear disadvantages the solution presents in regards to its attempt to resolve a lack of diversity within the work and academic environments. Along with the notions of reverse discrimination and mismatching, Affirmative Action also creates a situation where race and gender is unintentionally still being a part of the hiring process. It is crucial for modern firms to use Affirmative Action within a blended and holistic approach to hiring; it should help promote diversity, while not being a rigid system of quotas that diminishes the power of merit within the workplace.

In a world-based entirely on equality, race and gender would not even go into…

References

Espenshade, Thomas J. (2012). Moving Beyond Affirmative Action. The New York Times. Web.  http://www.nytimes.com /2012/10/05/opinion/moving-beyond-affirmative-action.html?_r=0

Fallon, Richard H. (1996), Affirmative Action Based on Economic Disadvantage. UCLA Law Review. Web.  http://academic.udayton.edu/race/04needs/affirm13.htm 

Scott, Sherrie. (2102). What Are the Disadvantages of Affirmative Action in the Workplace? Small Business Chronicle. Web.  http://smallbusiness.chron.com/disadvantages-affirmative-action-workplace-10728.html 

Scott, 2012

In the speech that Canon, Colman & Mayer reprint; "You warmly commended the Birmingham police force for keeping "order" and "preventing violence." I doubt that you would have so warmly commended the police force if you had seen its angry dogs sinking their teeth into six unarmed, non-violent Negroes, I doubt that you would so quickly commend the policemen if you were to observe their ugly and inhuman treatment of Negroes her in the City Jail; if you were to watch them push and curse old Negro women and young Negro girls; if you were to see them slap and kick old Negro men and young boys; if you were to observe as they did on two occasions, refuse to give us food because we wanted to sing our grace together. I cannot join you in your praise of the Birmingham Police Department." (140) the message her is clear and…

Works Cited

Canon, David, Coleman, John & Mayer, Kenneth. The Enduring Debate: Classic and Contemporary Readings in American Politics, Fifth Edition. New York: Norton, 2008.

Katrznelson, Ira. When Affirmative Action Was White, New York: Norton, 2005.

Lowi, Theodore J., Ginsberg, Benjamin, Shepsle, Kenneth a. American Government: Power and Purpose, Tenth Edition. New York: Norton, 2008.

There are many individuals that do enjoy reading novels as opposed to textbooks and therefore may see this type of assignment as providing immediate gratification. This can also allow individuals that are considering a particular career opportunity to view that type of career when seen in a real world type of context (Loebbecke, 1999). Having discussion questions and dealing with issues that were involved in the novel help students to learn more easily and put the information that they are learning in their textbooks into context. Another way is to work with the discussion questions via computer so that these students learn more about technology at the same time that they are learning other issues.

The fourth myth that Langer (1997) discusses is that memorizing information by rote is necessary within the education field. It is very important that instructors identify very explicitly skills that are being tested or emphasized…

References

Alexander, P., Murphy, P.K., & Kulikowich, J. (1998). What responses to domain-specific analogy problems reveal about emerging competence: A new perspective on an old acquaintance. Journal of Educational Psychology, 90, 397-406.

Bell, T., Marrs, F., Solomon, I., & Thomas, H. (1997). Auditing Organizations through a Strategic-Systems Lens. New York, NY: KPMG Peat Marwick LLP.

Dietz, E.J. "A cooperative learning activity on methods of selecting a sample." The American Statistician, 47, (1993): 104-111.

James, W. (1878). The Meaning of Truth. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Affimative Action: Why We Need to Refom It

It is widely believed that the Ameican society is a "melting pot" whee membes of acial, ethnic, eligious, and sexual minoities eventually mold into the mainsteam, becoming full-fledged citizens of the county. The eality, howeve, is much moe complicated. While it is tue that Ameica offes many oppotunities to all its citizens, thee is a histoy of discimination against minoity goups that affects the Ameican society even today. Afican-Ameicans wee confined to the shackles of slavey fo thee hunded yeas and fo anothe hunded yeas of institutionalized discimination, while othe minoity goups and women had to stuggle had to win civil ights and make the Ameican society moe egalitaian. The Ameican society has pogessed to the point whee most citizens believe that eveyone should be entitled to equal ights egadless of one's ace, colo, gende, ethnicity, o eligion. And it is because…

references in Black and White. New York: Routledge.

Christian

This course changed my concept of what it meant to be a Christian in three fundamental ways, all focused on what it means to me to be a Christian in modern society, rather than on the theological underpinnings of Christianity. This course helped me realize that Christianity is not merely a system of belief, which is how many people conceive of religion. Instead, Christianity must be a combination of action and belief. However, it also made me more committed to some of the fundamental underpinnings of Christian theology, which I had admittedly abandoned in my own desire to equate being a Christian with being a good person and trying to do the right thing. However, reading this book, I came to the realization that I was failing to embrace all of Christianity. Just as it is necessary, but not sufficient, to be a good person in order to honestly…

References

Towns, Elmer. (2007). Core Christianity. Chattanooga: AMG Publishers.

Business Ethics

Something that I have found particularly interesting in Baird's textbook is the notion of "deontological" ethics. (Baird 151). This is the idea that "right" behavior or "good" behavior is about playing by the rules. However what I find really interesting about the idea is that, in some sense, it is the only way we have of getting a glimpse into the motivations of others. In some sense, a full account of the ethics of any given situation must in some way take into account someone's motives -- especially motives for compliance. Ethical behavior shouldn't be something that we adopt out of a sense of compulsion. Instead, with deontology, we are talking more about the concept of duty.

I suppose what is most interesting to me about this is the notion that there can be different reasons, good and bad, for adopting the same set of ethical principles. I'm…

References

Baird, C.A. (2012). Everyday Ethics: Making Wise Choices in a Complex World. Ethics Game Press Publishers.

In order to assure that workforce advancement for existing disabled veterans is according to federal guidelines, the Bonneville "action program plan" offers classes and training in "resume writing" and "how to prepare for an interview." Each employee, including disabled veterans, are encouraged to complete an individual development plan with their manager, and are also encouraged to utilize career counselors with their departments.

All these things are mentioned because it is apparent that the federal government has gone to great lengths to open the door for disabled veterans. That doesn't mean, again, that any job opening with a federal agency or a contractor who has been hired by the federal government will automatically go to a disabled veteran. Not at all.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture has its own version of an "Affirmative Action Program Plan for Disabled Veterans" (www.usda.gov/da/employ/VETPLAN.01.htm);this is very similar to the Bonneville plan, only it appears that…

Works Cited

Bergmann, Barbara. (1996). In Defense of Affirmative Action. New York: Basic Books, 42-47.

Bonneville Power Administration. (2004). Disabled Veteran's Affirmative Action Program

Plan. Retrieved 12 Dec. 2006 at http://www.jobs.bpa.gov/How_To_Apply/disabledaction.cfm.

U.S. Department of Agriculture. (2001). Disabled Veterans Affirmative Action Plan. Retrieved 12 Dec. 2006 at  http://www.usda.gov/da/employ/VETPLAN.01.htm .

11). The most effective team members have experience dealing with the issues that will confront them as members of the team (Text, p.11). They can focus on the issues at hand, solving problems presented without getting derailed (Text, p.11). However, effective team members are not rigid; they are open to suggestions from other group members (Text, p.11). A good team member is also supportive. ather than focusing on how jobs are broken-down in the group, a team member is willing to pitch in when help is needed and accepted help when it is needed and offered (Text, p.11). Effective team members are action-oriented; they are looking for results and willing to do work when work is required (Text, p.11). Finally, positive team members work better in groups than people with negative attitudes (Text, p.11).

There are several tips for a person hoping to participate in an effective and efficient team.…

References

The Centre for Teaching Excellence. (2012). Teamwork skills: Being an effective group member. Retrieved from:  http://cte.uwaterloo.ca/teaching_resources/tips/teamwork_skills.html 

Last Name, First Initial. (Year of Publication). Textbook title. Place of Publication: Publisher.

This was because, for some stories, they were forced to use less professional correspondents to cover stories that were on a more national scale.

13. Among this list, newspapers and magazines are the most credible because they strive for objectivity and accuracy, at the same time as they possess the most amount of content. Television news programs are second only because they lack the same level of depth. The other sources should be highly questioned before using as a legitimate source. The internet possesses the best information among all of the rest, but must be evaluated on a site-by-site basis.

14. I have found two sources that indicate that controversial television ads negatively influence the behavior of children. However, there are also a handful of other resources arguing that the influence of ads upon individuals is relatively minute.

15. hetoric tends to vastly influence people's opinions and attitudes. However, statements…

References

Anderson, Craig L. et al. (2003). "The Influence of Media Violence on Youth." Psychological Science in the Public Influence, Vol. 4, No. 3, Dec. Page 81.

Ayeni, Dr. Olugbenga Christopher. (2004). "ABC, CNN, CBS, FOX, and NBC on the Frontlines." Global Media Journal.

Bushman, Brad J. And Craig A. Anderson. (2001). "Media Violence and the American Public." American Psychologist, June/July.

Damer, T. Edward. (2001). Attacking Faulty Reasoning. Belmont: Wadsworth.

com. (2006) Nutritional information database retrieved 13 Dec
2006 at


Fitday.com. (2006) Nutritional information database retrieved 13 Dec 2006
at
< http://fitday.com/>

Severson, Kim. (13 Dec 2003) "New York Gets Ready to Count Calories."
The New York Times. Retrieved 13 Dec 2006 at


Schlosser, Eric. (2005) Fast Food Nation. New York: Harper Perennial.

"Supersize Me." (2004). Directed by Morgan Spurlock.

"Overweight and Obesity."(2006) CDC: Council for Disease Control.
Retrieved 13 Dec
2006 at

New Haven Firefighters Affirmative Action Case

Employers frequently utilize tests and other choice methods in order to screen candidates for hire and workers for promotion. There are a lot of different kinds of tests and selection procedures, including cognitive tests, personality tests, medical examinations, credit checks, and criminal background checks. The utilization of tests and other selection measures can be a very successful way of determining which candidates or workers are most qualified for a particular job. On the other hand, the use of these apparatus can infringe on the federal anti-discrimination laws if an employer deliberately uses them to discriminate based on race, color, sex, national origin, religion, disability, or age. The utilization of tests and other selection measures can also violate the federal anti-discrimination laws if they unduly eliminate people in a particular group by race, sex, or another covered basis, unless the employer can give good reason…

References

Biddle, Daniel A. (n.d.). Hiring the Most Qualified Firefighters While Avoiding (and Defending)

Lawsuits. Retrieved from  http://fpsi.com/pdfs/Hiring-the-Most-Qualified-Firefighters -

While-Avoiding-and-Defending-Lawsuits.pdf

Disparate Impact in Promotional Testing. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.thompsonandbishop.com/disparate-impact-in-promotional-testing/

Community Plan of Action

There are many responsibilities that have to be met to satisfy the needs for personal satisfaction, and this may need changes in work schedules and adjustments. The objective here is to judge the possibilities of obtaining satisfaction from three different types of activities that can be conducted -- helping pregnant teenagers, teaching the methods of care to individuals who have recently found out that they are diabetics, and helping the elderly get on with their daily lives. The first of these is the problem of teenage pregnancy, and the best method to help such teenage children in not getting pregnant. Once they are pregnant, then a lot of other social questions come up and the most important of that is that we should not interfere in the personal lives of people. For teenagers not to get pregnant, they require close monitoring. (Teen Pregnancy Prevention)

For this…

REFERENCES

Lauerman, John. F. "The Prescription Paradox" Brown Alumni Magazine. Retrieved from  http://www.brown.edu/Administration/Brown_Alumni_Magazine/99/3-99/features/paradox.html  Accessed 10 September, 2005

"Medications and Older People" (September-October, 1997) FDA Consumer Magazine.

Retrieved from  http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/1997/697_old.html 

Accessed 10 September, 2005

Strategic Plan

Amazon.com



Strategic plan

Organization: Amazon.com

Vision:

Amazon.com's vision is to become "Earth's biggest selection and to be Earth's most customer centric company."

Mission of Amazon.com:

The mission on Amazon.com is to create shareholder value over the long-term which is the fundamental measure of our success. We accomplish this mission by:

Investing aggressively to expand and leverage our customer base, brand, and infrastructure as we move to establish an enduring franchise.

Making investment decisions in light of long-term market leadership considerations rather than short-term profitability considerations or short-term Wall Street reactions.

Focusing relentlessly on our customers.

Strategic Initiatives:

Market Penetration in China

Amazon.com entered the Chinese e-commerce market in 2004 by taking over Joyo.com (China IT & Telecom eport, 2007). However, as the GE matrix indicates, Amazon.com is underperforming and has lost its position as market leader (Dean, The Wall Street Journal, 2006). Market penetration in China is a…

References:

Business Wire, 2007 "Amazon.com headlines list of keynot addresses for LinuxWorld San Francisco and next generation Data Center." Business Wire May 16, 2007 [accessed: 23 Jan 2008]

China IT & Telecom Report, 2007 "Joyo.com renamed Joyo Amazon" InterFax News Agency, June 8, 2007 [Accessed: 3 Feb 2008 22:16:28]

Sorce, P., Perotti, V., & Widrick, S. (2005). "Attitude and age differences in online buying," International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 33(2), 122-132

Teather, D, 2007, Challenge Amazon: Amazon is pretty much the undisputed champion of internet book sales in the UK, but might an ambitious new competitor challenge its market dominance?; The BookSeller 4th May 2007 [accessed: 23 January 2008 10:02:48]

According to Hoskins (2010), the legal foundation of punishment is morally challenging as it usually involves harsh treatment, sometimes morally unacceptable, to the offender. What makes it acceptable to subject an offender to such kind of punishment is a big moral question.

Customarily, the rationale behind punishment is either retributivist or consequentialist. Consquensialists argue that punishment is necessary towards achieving a noteworthy purpose, an example of which is crime reduction. Retributivists, on the other hand, argue that punishment is a basic or natural response for doing something wrong. However, abolitionists argue that punishment is morally unacceptable and thus both defenses are not valid. The question now is: how should the society respond to wrongdoings?
The Philosophical Theories That Justify Punishment

According to Hobbes (2010), the justification for punishment is based on the following theories of philosophy: incapacitation, rehabilitation, retribution, restoration and/or deterrence.

Oleson and Mackinnon (2015) believe that retribution punishes…

In addition to changes in admission policies at universities, new workshops in education are beginning to address this issue head on, with teaching participants being taught that American history and education are both "written from the perspective of whites and that laws and policies benefit whites while putting minorities at an immediate disadvantage." (Fernandez, 1) This has helped to redirect the perspective on Affirmative Action within the profession, where institutions are beginning to espouse it as a legitimate means to balancing merit and racial fairness in both the admission of students and the courtship and hiring of teachers. A recent Supreme Court decision on student admission to the University of Michigan reflected this stance, offering real and applicable precedent that today reverberates in the collective movement to improve conditions for an ethnically diverse range of Americans.

In 2000, Gratz v Bollinger began the long process of defending the Constitutionality of…

Works Cited:

Alon, S. (2009). The Evolution of Class Inequality in Higher Education: Competition, Exclusion, and Adaptation. American Sociological Review, 74(5), 731.

Austin, a. (2008). Reversal of Fortune. Washington DC: Economic Policy Institute, pp. 1.

Brunner, B. (2004). Timeline of Affirmative Action Milestones. Black History

Month. Online at  http://www.infoplease.com/spot/affirmativetimeline1.html

It was during the same period that hostilities with the communist leadership culminated into the bombing of Libya, loggerheads with the Soviet Union and a stiff arms race with the U.S.S.R.

It is also significant to note that it was during the same time that he successfully engaged Mikhail Gorbachev who was then the Soviet General secretary and culminated into the signing of Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty that signaled the end in arms race and both countries agreed to decrease in nuclear weapons in their custody.

Upon ascending to presidency, Reagan was bent on introducing new political as well as economic dispensations radically. He advocated more for supply-side economics which saw him push for reduction of tax rates to speed up economic growth, money supply control to check inflation, reduction of regulation on the economy particularly business to encourage competitive and free-market free for all which as a matter…

Discrimination and Affirmative Action

"Firefighting is a skilled job where all of the skills learned are on the job… It's a really good job, and it's been racially exclusive in most of our major cities…" (John Payton, NAACP) (Liptak, 2009, The New York Times)

orkplace issues that revolve around racial fairness and racial justice typically are highly charged with passion and contentiousness. The now notorious case of the Caucasian firefighters in New Haven, Connecticut -- who sued when they believed they were discriminated against -- is a classic case in point. This paper examines and critiques the many issues surrounding the case the firefighters brought to the U.S. Supreme Court.

The basic background of the case

The city of New Haven, Connecticut made a management decision to base future promotions of its firefighting units on a written test. This was 2003. According to Emily Bazelon (writing in Slate) the city…

Works Cited

American Civil Liberties Union. (2009). Supreme Court Rules Connecticut Firefighters Unfairly

Denied Promotions Because Of Race. Retrieved May 10, 2011, from:  http://www.aclu.org .

Bazelon, Emily. (2009). The Sotomayor Mystery: Why didn't she explain herself in this year's big race case? Slate. Retrieved May 10, 2011, from  http://www.slate.com .

Liptak, Adam. (2009). Justices to Hear White Firefighters' Bias Claims. The New York Times.

By the end of this portion, I had gained confidence in the processes and the procedure and could remember all the requirements.

The learning outcome of the course was to educate nurses on the new protocols and technology to complete this procedure on difficult patients. I feel that the curriculum attended very well to these goals. It was always on task and efficient in its training. I'm guessing that it was so efficient because it was through the hospital to train the staff and they did not want to waste time.

After the training I was certified and expected to use this technique on difficult patients. The only lacking competency was using this technique on children. I had not had any previous experience of inserting lines into children and was unaware of protocols or strategies to ease the child's nervousness. This was addressed by more senior nurses in the pediatric…

References

Brannam, Larry (2008); et al. Emergency Nurses' Utilization of Ultrasound Guidance for Placement of Peripheral Intravenous Lines in Difficult-access Patients. Academic Emergency Medicine. Vol 11.12, 1361-1363.

Overton, David (2005). Ultrasonography-Guided Peripheral Intravenous Access vs. Traditional Approaches in Patients With Difficult Intravenous Access. Annals of Emergency Medicine. Vol 46.5, 456-461.