Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, PD-0307-09
¶ … court of criminal appeals of Texas, PD-0307-09 Ronald Wilson, and appellant v the State of Texas. (CCA (a), n. d.) The court of Appeals case was: 04-07-00737-CR, and was affirmed.
Can Fingerprint Identifications Be Considered Valid Evidence
Fingerprint identification is a means of personal identification that is infallible and this is the reason that fingerprints have replaced other methods of identification of criminals. The science of fingerprint identification is stated to stand out among all other forensic sciences for the following reasons: (1) fingerprint identification has served governments across the globe for more than 100 years in the provision of accurate identification of criminals. In billions of human and automated computer, comparisons there are no two fingerprints found to be alike. Fingerprints are the basis for criminal history in every law enforcement agency worldwide; (2) the first forensic professional organization, the International Association for Identification (IAI) was established in 1915; (3) the first professional certification program for forensic scientists was established in 1977; (3) fingerprint identification is the most commonly used of all forensic evidence worldwide; (4) fingerprint identification continues to expand as the primary method for making positive identification of persons; and (5) Fingerprints harvested from crime scenes lead to more suspects and generate more evidence in court than all other forensic lab techniques combined. (FBI, 2012, p.1) While other visible human characteristics have a tendency to change with age, fingerprints do not change unless the individual's hands are injured or if the individual undergoes surgery. Fingerprints are reported to be processed presently through the Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System and are submitted through mail or electronic submissions and a response received in two hours or less for electronic criminal fingerprint submissions and twenty-four hours or less for electronic civil fingerprint submissions. (FBI, 2012, p.2)
Sarah\'s Legal Adviser Under the Previously Described
As Sarah's legal adviser under the previously described scenario, there a several questions I would like to ask my client before devising any potential defenses against Barry's charge of breach of contract. According to the facts presented by both parties, on Wednesday a conversation took place to negotiate the terms of a potential sale, with ownership of a refurbished laptop being transferred to Barry in exchange for $1,000 payment. On Wednesday, Sarah also informed Barry that her asking price was firm, and as a courtesy she also offered to withhold sale of the laptop until the end of the week if he was still interested. This proviso is central to Barry's eventual claim that a contract has been breached, because in his view this offer to reserve the laptop until Friday night at the very earliest was extended by Sarah and duly accepted by Barry, an agreement which would represent a contractual agreement according to the precedent established by the common law rules of offer and acceptance1. It is my opinion, however, that this case represents an unfortunate circumstance in which offer and acceptance cannot be clearly ascertained, and according to Justice Cooke's opinion in the landmark contract case Meates v Attorney-General, the issue at hand when offer and acceptance is disputed lies in "whether, viewed as a whole and objectively from the point of view of reasonable persons on both sides, the dealings show a concluded bargain."