Strategy for developing and presenting moral arguments in professional ethics
This paper examines how to resolve an ethical problem based on the Cooper and Miller's scenario where they faced an ethical dilemma on whether to comply with role morality or ordinary morality. Generally, the article focuses on examining whether journalists should break their confidences in order to help the more universal pursuit of justice or whether they should cooperate with legal authorities by breaking confidentiality agreements. Since this is a philosophy paper analyzing a professional ethics issue, the evaluation is based on "A strategy for understanding, developing, and presenting moral arguments."
Legal behaviors, criminalization, and hidden drawbacks of law
In the United States, laws that criminalize homosexual behaviors are known as sodomy laws. Before 2003, it was illegal to engage in homosexual behaviors. However, in Lawrence v. Texas case, the Supreme Court on June 26,…
Negligent Tort Sportspower Ltd. Voluntarily Recalled 23,400
Negligent Tort
On November 28, 2012, the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) announced the recall of 23,400 trampolines manufactured by Sportspower of Hong Kong because the metal legs of the trampoline can move out of their correct positions, poke through the trampoline's jumping area and present the risk of injuring the user by possibly "deep, penetrating puncture wounds, cuts and bruises." There is insufficient information to determine whether Sportspower would have been liable in negligence if the trampolines had not been recalled and had caused harm to a consumer. It appears that Plaintiff would be able to prove the duty of care, its breach, standard of care and falling below that standard; however, the facts of this case do not tell us enough to determine whether there was actual injury as a result of the Defendant's negligence, whether the Defendant's negligence was the actual cause of the Plaintiff's injury or whether the Defendant's negligence was the proximate cause of the Plaintiff's injury. In addition, the defenses of intervening cause, contributory negligence, comparative negligence and assumption of risk could be used by the Defendant to defeat the Plaintiff's case. At this point, we do not have sufficient information to determine whether those defenses would be successful.
Fortunately for the Plaintiff, the "Substantial Product Hazards" provision of the Consumer Protection Act (15 U.S.C. § 2064) would cover this case. By manufacturing 23,400 trampolines with metal legs that could move out of position, puncture the jumping surface and cause deep and penetrating cuts, wounds and bruises to the person jumping on the trampoline, Sportspower has created a substantial risk of injury to the public. This would allow Plaintiff to use the "Substantial Product Hazards" provision of the Consumer Protection Act and the assistance of the Consumer Product Safety Commission to obtain relief from Sportspower.
Role and Evolution of the American Prison
The United States constitution is the fundamental foundation of the American criminal justice system. Given that the document is now over two hundred years old, it constantly experiences numerous amendments and interpretations. As a result, the criminal justice system over the years experienced alterations in order to reflect the needs and beliefs of each subsequent generation. The configuration of the modern prison system has its basis in the late 1700's and early 1800s. The development of the modern prison system aims at protecting innocent members of the society from criminals. The prison systems also deter criminals from committing more crimes through detaining and rehabilitating them. However, more and more deluge of white-collar crimes and other crimes, burdens the American criminal justice system and the prison system. Given the rise in crimes in the society, the effectiveness of incarceration is open to discussion. It is as a result the purpose of this paper to highlight the evolution and the major role of the modern prison system in America. The paper also highlights incarceration in the American prison system, its functions and determines whether incarceration reduces crimes in America.