Police Use of Force and Fourth Amendment Rights in Law Enforcement
In two separate criminal cases, the constitutionality of police actions is reviewed using current Fourth, Sixth, and Fourteenth Amendment jurisprudence. The issues addressed are the use of deadly force, searches incident to a traffic citation, seizures, testimony, exclamatory utterances, witness identification, exclusionary rule, searches by drug-sniffing dogs, and probable cause based on the smell of marijuana.
School Emergency Plan Evaluation: Gaps, NIMS, and Best Practices
The potential for mass casualties in public schools has never been more real than it is today. It seems every week there is a shooting in a public place, often in schools. There are many important steps a school must take in order to be prepared. Those steps are outlined in this paper, and the literature used spells out what must be done to conform to federal guidelines.
Constitutional Amendments and Hostage Negotiation Law
The 4th, 5th, and 6th amendments have had serious impacts on modern hostage negotiations and will be examined in this paper. Elements that are to be considered include promise making, incriminating statements, as well…
Police Force to Diffuse Tense
To diffuse tense situations, to catch criminals, to protect the public and to protect themselves, police are endowed with power to use force. It is essential to properly train, monitor and carefully review the…