Deviance is the violation of social norms. Norms are codes of ethics that act as guidance to people on how to live their lives. According to William Somner, there are three types of norms; Folkways are what a society considers being right with regard to culture and tradition. Issues like dressing, mannerisms are in this category. Different cultures and people have their own guidelines on dressing and etiquette. Violations of these folkways will not lead to the arrest of an individual, but people will consider this person as weird. Mores are those beliefs that are held by the larger community. Most societies are against interracial marriages, substance abuse, pregnancies out of wedlock or abortion (Alder & Alder, 2010). Laws are those guidelines that incorporate mores and folkways. They vary from society to society. When an individual violates mores, laws and folkways they are considered to be deviant. Deviance and…...
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References
Alder, P. & Alder, P. (2012). Constructions of Deviance: Social Power, Context, and Interraction
(7th ed).Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learn
Jonathan, R. (2006). Scholarly Productivity in Criminal Justice. Journal of criminal Justice. 535-
Huzinga, D.(2006). Description of the National Youth Sample. The National Youth Survey project. Vol.1
Deviance Among Canadian Youths
Deviation refers to the violation of the acceptable norms and values that have maintained within the cultural framework of a society. Norms are very important in every society since they allow the people of a given society to coexist with one another, and create the best environment for human living. The Canadian society like other societies is guided by certain norms and values, which are useful for the normal operation of the Canadian society. It is on this account that the issue of deviance cannot be underestimated. One cannot underestimate the issue of deviance, and the way it has caught up with many youths in the Canadian societal setting. Deviance comes with a number of consequences, especially to the youth who are expected to be the future leaders of the nation (Platt, 1999).
Canada has experienced increased numbers of youths who have taken on deviant behavior. In this…...
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References
Flowers, R. (2003). Crime and deviance: exploring its causes, dynamics, and nature. New York: Charles C. Thomas Publisher
Platt, A. (1999). Thinking and Unthinking 'Social Control. Inequality, Crime, and Social Control. Vol. 3, No. 1, p. 72 -- 79.
Thomas, P. (2002). The Power of Crime Detection. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Deviance iography
Susan Smith was born into a traditional, middle class family. One of five daughters, Susan displayed a higher willingness to shoulder responsibility than her siblings at a very early age, which led to her parents' turning to her, for support, very frequently. The support sought was initially in the form of household chores, and then financial, once Susan was able to work, and especially after her marriage to a man who rapidly climbed the rungs of corporate success. Susan, herself, never resented her role in supporting her family's needs and in fact, based her self-esteem after the fact. Almost a model dutiful daughter, wife and mother, anyone who knew Susan in those years would have found it hard pressed to believe that Susan would one day be seen as a 'deviant,' and that she would increasingly resort to antisocial and criminal behavior.
A closer look would, however, reveal that the…...
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Bibliography
Books
Shoham, S.G. (2000). Personality and Deviance: Development and Core Dynamics. Praeger Publishers. P. 183.
The issue remains widely debatable, with some insisting the behavior in the jails need to be reevaluated yet some insist on the societal emphasis in curbing recidivism.
The prison systems have also failed in reduction of recidivism through a failure to insist and implementation of programs that equip the inmates with the relevant and appropriate skills in lie with their interest and the environment from where they are. The offenders who have professions of technical skills that allow them to make a living within the society in a comfortable manner are also highly likely to succeed on their probation than those without any professional training or technical skills to earn a living from. It is also note that those offenders who went through high school successfully and finished are more likely to succeed in the probation and avid recidivism even after the probation period. Once the convict is in the…...
Concomitantly, gangs such as the Crips and the Bloods were created from the former members of movements meant to increase the reputation of black individuals in the U.S. because they had diverging opinions and wanted diversity. The Crips and the Bloods can be deemed as subcultures of the pro-black movements, given the fact that the people that were once part of the larger group did not agree on certain matters and thus wanted to create smaller groups, which would be formed out of individuals who shared similar features, were affiliated with one another, and had similar objectives.
In spite of the fact that he came to be a member of the Bloods, Cle Sloan found that he knew very little of the group's background. This influenced him to search for more information regarding the community, what influence people in creating it, and how it became what it is in the…...
2. Thornberry, Terence P. Krohn, Marvin D. Lizotte, Alan J. Smith, Carolyn a. And Tobin, Kimberly. Gangs and Delinquency in Developmental Perspective (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2003).
Terence P. Thornberry, Marvin D. Krohn, Alan J. Lizotte, Carolyn a. Smith, and Kimberly Tobin, Gangs and Delinquency in Developmental Perspective (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2003) 13.
For example, the young woman knows it is wrong because her friends have spoken to her in the past about how awful stealing is. They have seen her steal before and told her that she is wrong. Among her friends, she is known as a thief. Deviance here has less to do with self-determination than the judgment of others. It is this external judgment of the audience that acts as the social control, if it works, and social reaction makes someone a deviant outsider. ecker (1963) says, "Social groups create deviance by making rules whose infractions constitute deviance, and by applying those rules to particular people and labeling them as outsiders" (1963, p. 9). Wanting not to be stigmatized as an outsider creates the social control that keeps people conformist. In this view, the woman would choose not to steal if she were concerned about avoiding stigmatization. In our…...
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Bibliography
Bartollas, Clemens. 2007. "Juvenile Delinquency." In 21st Century Sociology: a Reference Handbook (vol. 1). Bryant, C.D., & Peck, D.L., Eds, pp. 425-433. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Reference.
Becker, Howard S. 1963. Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance. New York: Free Press.
Best, Joel. 2004. Deviance: Career of a Concept. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning.
Bryant, C.D., & Peck, D.L., Eds. 2007. 21st Century Sociology: a Reference Handbook (vol. 1). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Reference.
The definition of deviancy, its origin, as well as its negative connotations, seems to shifts from behavior to behavior.
Deviance at times seems benign and morally neutral and simply to challenge normative categories of identity, in the case of homosexuals, atheists, and women who are single and/or working. All of these categories have existed as Foucaultian character 'types' in the form of modern media stereotypes, as portrayed as the media, even though they could also be easily classified as acts or as belief systems. A woman's desire to work is technically an 'act' but cultural stereotypes attach assumptions to this decision -- such as the idea that a woman who works is callous and uncaring about her children. A homosexual is technically someone who engages in same-sex sexual activity but has been characterized as effeminate, overly sexual, predatory, or 'less than a man' although the only real deviant, contingent characteristics…...
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References
Foucault, Michel. (1995). Discipline and punish. New York: Vintage.
Foucault, Michel. (1990). The history of sexuality: Volume 1. New York: Vintage
Deviance in odern Society
Defining Deviance in Society
All human beings are socialized by their respective societies. That means they learn what sorts of behaviors are expected and what kinds of behaviors are considered immoral, unacceptable or inappropriate. Generally, the socialization process teaches all members of the society about the norms, values, beliefs, and behaviors are considered "normal" within that society. Not all individuals necessarily adhere to all of those societal norms. In general, individuals have a certain amount of freedom to make choices about their values and beliefs and behaviors that may differ substantially from those within the predominant social culture of their society. Their behavior is considered "deviant" simply because it deviates from the normal expectations shared by most people in their society.
However, the concept of deviance exists in more than one form. There is benign deviance of the type that merely reflects different beliefs, values, and preferences. There is…...
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Macionis, J.J. (2007) Sociology. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Schmalleger, F. (2009). Criminal Justice Today: An Introductory Text for the 21st
Some examples of deviance that might be used to describe this type of challenge to the social order would be events like the Boston Tea Party, or the multitude of Vietnam War protests, one resulted in the development of the independence of the U.S. And the other ended compulsory military service in the U.S. (O'Neill, 1986, p. 350)
Social control is defined as the ways in which our companions in culture (parents, friends, teachers or even strangers) attempt to redirect our behaviors toward behaviors that are more acceptable. Children are especially susceptible to social control and such control serves a serious purpose, with regard to the development of "normal" or non-deviant behaviors in the future. Social control can be something as simple as a parent giving a child a certain disapproving look when he or she reaches out to touch an item for sale in a store to an individual…...
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References
Bridges, G.S. & Myers, M.A. (Eds.). (1994). Inequality, Crime, and Social Control. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Harper, C.L., & Le Beau, B.F. (1993). The Social Adaptation of Marginal Religious Movements in America. Sociology of Religion, 54(2), 171-192.
Hewitt, K. (1997). Mutilating the Body: Identity in Blood and Ink. Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green State University Popular Press.
O'Neill, J. (1986). The Medicalization of Social Control. Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology, 23(3), 350-364.
The common perception of organized crime as consisting of tightly knit underworld syndicates who operate on the periphery of the legitimate business world is a misconception. It was illustrated as such in a most public way with the revelation of the Savings and Loan Scandal which swept through dozens of fronts that posed as banking institutions during the 1980's. ith the revelation that there was a direct and demonstrable relationship between mob influence at the highest levels of bank ownership for those institutions implicated and the government and corporate sponsors of the loan programs in question, the myth had been dispelled that organized crime is even capable of operating without the knowing involvement of so-called legit power-figures.
Indeed, "the distinctions drawn between business, politics, and organized crime are at best artificial and in reality irrelevant. Rather than being dysfunctions, corporate crime, white-collar crime, organized crime, and political corruption are mainstays of…...
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Works Cited:
Brann, J.W. (2009). Body Decor such as Piercing or Tattooing Should Not be Considered a Sign of Deviant Behavior. Women's Healthcare Topics
Desroches, F. (1995). Behind the Bars: Experiences in Crime. Canadian Scholars' Press.
Mork, B. (2006). Different ial Association Theory. University of Minnesota, Duluth.
Potter, G. (2003). CIA, Organized Crime and the Savings and Loan Scandal. Eastern Kentucky University: Third World Traveler.
Deviance Project
I have been attending my church for my entire life. I was raised in this church and was married in this church. Although I only attend occasionally now, my parents are still faithful members who attend every week without fail, despite their age, my mother is seventy-five and my dad is eighty-five. To say this is a conservative congregation is an understatement, and so when I showed up one Sunday morning for Sunday school and church wearing jeans and a casual shirt, it became obvious that I was demonstrating a deviant behavior.
This is not only a conservative group of people, but an older group as well, the majority of the members being fifty years and older. There are very few young adults thus children are almost non-existent. There are no screaming or crying noises in this church. If there are, someone will very politely instruct the parents on the…...
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Work Cited
Luke 18:16. The Holy Bible. World Bible Publishers. 1986.
Yet instead, Glass had the savvy of knowing which way opinion was sliding, and simply say what most of the readers were already thinking. Had his pieces been billed OpEd, the discussion would be over. Instead, he mistakenly purposed his facts as just that, and thus moved from unbiased journalism to political and social pundit -- certainly no guiltier of lying that most High School Paper editors, but certainly at a higher profile.
Both were, by the letter of the law, guilty as charged. Ethically, Glass deserves a solid slap for his sloppiness and laziness, thinking he actually needed to double quote certain sources rather than using his intellect and power of persuasion to document the 'truth." Or, does he deserve to be chastised for being sloppy, an even more egregious charge. For Ambrose, however, let the Bard tell a story, take the notes with a grain of salt if…...
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REFERENCES
Historian Stephen Ambrose Dead at 66. (15 October 2002). National Geographic News.
Clarke, R. (2006, 7-1). Plagiarism by Academics: More Complex Than It Seems. Retrieved from Journal of the Association for Information Systems: http://aisel.aisnet.org/jais/vol7/iss1/5/
Hoffman, S. And McGinley, T. (2009). Identity Theft: A Reference Handbook. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood Publishing ABC/CLIO.
This may be explained partly by the fact that methamphetamine is the only drug where the number of women using the drug is roughly the same as that of men (Cohen et al., 2007) and partly due to the fact that one's status in these groups is dependent on one's involvement in the production process rather than on cultural perceptions of gender.
Question 4 Answer 4
Deviant acts can be categorized into three forms: individual, cooperation, and conflict. Individual deviant act is an act that can be accomplished by one individual. Many individuals can participate in the same act or accomplish it separately from each other, but in essence individual deviance "can be committed by one person, to that person, on that person, for that person" (Adler & Adler, 2012, p. 460). An example of individual deviance is alcohol addiction. The goal of such a deviant is to satisfy himself/herself with…...
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References
Adler, P.A., & Adler, P. (2012). Constructions of deviance: Social power, context, and interaction. (7th edition). Belmond, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
Cohen, J.B., Greenberg, R., Uri, J., Halpin, M., & Zweben, J.E. (2007). Women with Methamphetamine Dependence: Research on Etiology and Treatment. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 347-351.
Farrell, R.A., & Nelson, J.F. (1976). A Causal Model of Secondary Deviance: the Case of Homosexuality. Sociological Quarterly, 17(1), 109-120.
Oselin, S.S. (2010). Weighing the consequences of a deviant career: Factors leading to an exit from prostitution. Sociological Perspectives, 53(4), 527-550.
The Internet has revolutionized everything, from communication and entertainment to business. By one estimate, the Internet contains approximately 487 billion gigabytes (i.e., 487 Exabyte's) of data, and by the end of 2010, there were more than two billion Internet users. Nearly one-quarter of these users are members of social networking sites such as Facebook. There are many reasons for the Internet's extraordinary growth, including its vast applications, anonymity, and global outreach. (Lynn, 2010).
However, many of the factors that have contributed to the Internet's success have also made it a dangerous place. Criminals now take advantage of the Internet to exploiting suspecting users for personal, political, and financial gain. The current essay is an exploration of the concept of internet scams and fraud. The author will discuss in detail how the internet fraud began and the way it is affecting the internet users. There will also be discussion…...
Women constituted thirteen percent of the personnel. Data collected by officers' mobile data computers between 17 January 2000 and 31 March 2000 were used in the study. Consistent with the conflict theory, the authors tested whether racial and socioeconomic variables increased the likelihood of traffic stops, traffic stops resulting in search, and traffic stops resulting in summons of arrest. Ordinary least squares regression was used as the primary analytic tool to test the hypotheses. The research led to mixed results, challenging and confirming some of the hypotheses of conflict theorists. Traffic police of Richmond, Virginia were more likely to stop suspects in areas of high crime, regardless of race or socioeconomic factors. Traffic stops resulting in search, however, disproportionately targeted Black citizens than Whites. But the arrest summons resulting from traffic stops were lower for Blacks. The authors explain that police officers may not be aware of the citizen's…...
Choosing how to start your essay on deviance depends on the type of essay you are writing and the type of coursework you are trying to complete. Deviance is a broad topic that is covered in many of the soft sciences, including (but not limited to) sociology, psychology, and criminology. It is also discussed in the humanities, particularly philosophy and history. Therefore, we would probably begin the essay with two things: a definition of deviance and an explanation of how that definition fits into the context of the essay we are writing.
1. The Intersection of Law and Social Stratification
Examine how laws and legal systems perpetuate or challenge social inequalities based on race, class, gender, or other social factors. Analyze the role of law in shaping the distribution of wealth, power, and resources within society. Discuss the impact of discriminatory laws or policies on marginalized groups and their access to justice.
2. The Role of Law in Social Control
Explore the various ways in which law is used to regulate and control social behavior, from criminal justice to family law and education. Analyze the effectiveness of different legal strategies in achieving social....
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