Client Evaluation
The client is a 78-year-old female. She has been divorced for 30 years. She is retired. Her social class is upper middle class. Her medical history is free from significant trauma. She had six hospitalizations, all for childbirth, and one surgery; a cesarean section combined with a tubal ligation. She has two chronic health conditions: high blood pressure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). She is a former smoker. She lives with an adult son and her other children live nearby. She was a domestic violence victim for the 20 years of her marriage and has some lingering physical problems (an improperly healed broken rib) and emotional problems from that period of abuse. Her parents, a younger brother, and two of her children predeceased her.

Medical Issues

The patient is not currently suffering from any acute medical issues. She does have two significant chronic medical issues: high blood pressure and COPD.…...

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References

Friedman, G.D., Asgari, M.M., Warton, E.M., Chan, J., & Habel, L.A. (2012).

Antihypertensive drugs and lip cancer in non-Hispanic whites. Arch Intern Med, 172(16): 1246-51. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.2754.

Goren, A., Annunziata, K., Schnoll, R.A., & Suaya, J.A. (2014). Smoking cessation and attempted cessation among adults in the United States. PlosOne, 9(3): e93014. doi: 10.371/journal.pone.0093014

Hoonhorts, S.J., Ten Hacken, N.H., Lo Tam Loi, A.T., Koenderman, L., Lammers, J.W.,

Nursing Informatics
The scenario described herein is in grounded in geriatric medicine, and utilizes the NANDA, NIC, and NOC elements to link the various components in standardized language to the data, information, knowledge, and wisdom associated with this exercise. The key parts of the paper are as follows: 1) Introduction; 2) nursing diagnosis (NANDA), including actual diagnosis, risk diagnosis, and wellness diagnosis; 3) nursing outcomes classification (NOC); 4) nursing interventions classification (NIC); 5) conclusions.

Case Presentation

The patient is an elderly woman with early stage dementia, who reports her age as 87 years. The patient's family brought her to the clinic because she has been complaining of malaise and refuses to receive help with dressing, both of which are unusual for the patient. Vitals were taken and all are within normal range, except that the patient had a temperature just above 37.9C. Examination revealed that the patient was experiencing suprapubic pain and costovertebral…...

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References 4

http://download.lww.com/wolterskluwer_vitalstream_com/PermaLink/NE/A/NE_35_4_2010_04_16_SMITH_200117_SDC1.ppt

Beveridge, L.A., Davey, P.G., Philliops, G. & McMurdo, M.E.T. (2011, June). Optimal management of urinary tract infections in older people. Clinical Interventions of Aging, 6, 173 -- 180. . doi: 10.2147/CIA.S13423. PMCID: PMC3131987

Mellen, C.K., Ford, M., & Rindone, J.P. (2010, July). Effect of high-dose cranberry juice on the pharmacodynamics of warfarin in patients. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 70(1), 139-142. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03674.x.

Nicolle, L.E. (2000). Asymptomatic bacteriuria in institutionalized elderly people: evidence and practice. Canadian Medical Association Journal (CMAJ),163(3), 285 -- 286.

Geriatric Population
hat is the best way to assure that older people are well cared for in an acute healthcare setting? hat are the roles that nurses should play when it comes to providing the best possible care to older, frail people? These questions will be addressed in this paper using scholarly research from the available literature.

Advanced nursing skills for frail older people

Sarah Goldberg is a senior clinical academic nurse at the University of Nottingham's University Hospitals, and she writes in the journal Nursing Older People that an "innovative solution" in terms of providing the necessary skilled care to older people is to train experienced nurses to become "advanced nurse practitioners (ANPs) (Goldberg, 2014). An advanced nurse practitioner will be able to conduct comprehensive geriatric assessments, which will be important given that many very old and frail patients have "cognitive impairment, depression and anxiety," which can lead to a sense…...

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Works Cited

Goldman, S. (2014). Developing Advanced Nursing Skills for Frail Older People. Nursing Older People, 26(4). 20-24.

Krail, E., Close, J., Parker, J., Sudak, M., Lampart, S., and Colonnelli, K. (2012). Innovation

Pilot Study: Acute Care for Elderly (ACE) Unit -- Promoting Patient-Centric Care. Herd Journal, 5(3), 90-98.

Geriatric Patient Assessment
Temperature

Pulse

espiration

Blood Pressure: 110/70

Pulse Oximetry: 97% on room air

General Appearance: Fairly good, decently nourished. Non-toxic, Ambulatory female

Mental Status: Patient is alert and fully oriented times 3 . . . .Glasgow coma scale is

Abdomen: Benign

Heart: Mild tachycardia

Lungs: Clear, no noticed issues

Extremities: Pulses are symmetric and seem to be intact

Known Issues/Comorbidities: Type II (Adult Onset) Diabetes, family history of heart disease and arthritis

2A) MMSE will be attached

Pulled from: http://www.dementiatoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/MiniMentalStateExamination.pdf

2B) KATZ Index will be attached

Pulled from http://micmrc.org/system/files/11.2-ADL.pdf

Vitals fairly in line what is expected a normal for patient of this age, family/patient history of type II diabetes but fairly well controlled, mild arthritis but decently controlled, no sign of heart disease despite family history

4) Patient is putting on a little weight, lives a mostly sedentary lifestyle (but not abnormally so for age bracket), diet a bit substandard based on what is self-reported

5) See goals below where abnormal challenges are listed

6) Four interventions would…...

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References

Mayo. (2017). Low blood pressure (hypotension) Treatments and drugs - Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 4 April 2017, from  http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/low-blood-pressure/basics/treatment/con-20032298 

NDEI. (2017). Diabetes Management Guidelines for Elderly ADA/AGS | NDEI. ndei.org. Retrieved 4 April 2017, from  http://www.ndei.org/ADA-AGS-diabetes-older-adults-2012.aspx.html 

Reese, H. (2017). Nutrition for the Elderly - Diet & Exercise | HealthCentral. Healthcentral.com. Retrieved 4 April 2017, from  https://www.healthcentral.com/article/nutrition-for-the-elderly 

WebMD. (2017). Arthritis Treatment Options. WebMD. Retrieved 4 April 2017, from  http://www.webmd.com/osteoarthritis/guide/options-basics#1

Essay Topic Examples 1. The Impact of Social Isolation on the Health of Elderly atients:
    This essay would explore the psychological and physical effects of social isolation on elderly patients. The focus can be on how lack of social interaction contributes to the decline in mental health, such as the onset of depression and anxiety, and how it may exacerbate existing health conditions or lead to the development of new ones, such as dementia and heart disease.

2. Geriatric harmacology: The Challenges of Medication Management in Elderly atients:
    The essay would address the complexities involved in managing medications for elderly patients. With age, the body's response to drugs can change, leading to different therapeutic outcomes and increased risks of adverse effects. The discussion would include factors like polypharmacy, drug interactions, and the importance of personalized medical care in geriatric pharmacology.

3. Technology and Innovation in Elderly Care: Enhancing Quality of Life for Aging…...

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Primary Sources

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Aging. \"A Profile of Older Americans: 2021.\" Administration for Community Living, 2021.

World Health Organization. \"World Report on Ageing and Health.\" World Health Organization, 2015.

National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging. \"Global Health and Aging.\" NIH Publication no. 11-7737, October 2011.

Social Security Administration. \"Annual Statistical Supplement to the Social Security Bulletin, 2020.\" Social Security Administration, 2020.

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. \"Medicare and You: National Medicare Handbook.\" Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 2022.

Patient Access to Experimental Drugs
Experimental drugs are being used in treating cancer and other life-threatening diseases in the hopes that effective cures and treatments can be identified. There are however, ethical questions relating to the use of experimental drugs and this work seeks to answer the question that asks whether patients should have access to experimental drugs and to answer why or why they should not have this access.

Experimental Drugs

Experimental drugs have carved inroads to treating cancer patients and most recently; this has been reported in the form of a drug that serves to "neutralize two mechanisms cancers need to survive." (Coghlan, 2012) The new drug is Cabozantinib. This drug is reported by one individual interviewed in this study to have been used by a family member who died while taking the drug for non-small cell carcinoma in the form of lung cancer. When asked the question of how this…...

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Bibliography

Beauchamp, TL and Childress, JF (2001) Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Oxford University Press. 15 Feb 2001. Retrieved from:  http://books.google.com/books?id=_14H7MOw1o4C&source=gbs_navlinks_s 

Coghlan, A.K (2012) New Cancer Drug Sabotages Tumor's Escape Route. 24 Feb 2012. New Scientist. Retrieved from:  http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn21516-new-cancer-drug-sabotages-tumours-escape-route.html 

Beauchamp, TL and Childress, JF (2001) Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Oxford University Press. 15 Feb 2001. Retrieved from:

Patient Assessment
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLAN

Diagnosis and Disease Processes

Using an appropriate patient assessment form (Sample Forms, 2013), D.M. has been found to have uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, uncontrolled hypertension, chronic anemia, and probable hypothyroidism (Sample Forms).

Diabetes Type 2

is most probably on a poorly controlled diet of high cholesterol and high simple sugars. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a metabolic disease wherein the body is not able to properly use ingested food because of insulin resistance. If more simple or refined sugars are consumed, the less the body is able to process them as nutrients. These tend to stay and float in the blood stream, un-used, and in this condition, they cause trouble in the different parts of the body. These include the end organs, such as the brain, the eyes, the kidneys, the heart, and even the feet. A poorly controlled diet and the lack of physical activities in many…...

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Glasgow, R.E., et al. (2005). Development and validation of the patient assessment of chronic illness care. Vol. 43 # 5, Medical Care: PuMed. Retrieved on October 15,

2014 from  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15838407 

Sample Forms (2013). Patient assessment form. Sample Forms.org. Retrieved on October 15, 2014 from  http://www.sampleforms.org/patient-assessmentform.html

Nurse-Patient Relations
The main focus of this essay is going to concern the nurse-patient relationship idea, and why it is important. This was chosen because the researcher desired to achieve a better accepting of how a helpful nurse-patient relationship can be advanced and even from different theorists who have discovered this idea. In this essay, the researcher sets out to demonstrate what they have learnt regarding the nurse-patient relation concept and how this connection can utilized in the clinical practice setting. T The nurse patient connection, according to a study done by Press Gamey Associates Inc., creates the quality of the care experience and generates an influential influence on patient gratification. Nurses will a lot of their time with patients. Patients see nurses' relations with people among the care team and make their own conclusions about the hospital founded on what they are observing. Furthermore, nurses' approaches toward their vocation, those…...

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Works Cited

Berdes, C. & . (2001). Race relations and caregiving relationships: A qualitative examination of perspectives from residents and nurses aides in three nursing homes. Research on Aging, 23(1), 109-126.

Biering, P. (2002). Caring for the involuntarily hospitalized adolescent: The issue of power in the nurse-patient relationship. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 16(2), 65-74.

Heijkenskjold, K.B. (2010). The patients dignity from the nurses perspective. Nursing Ethics, 6(3), 313-24.

LaSala, C.A.-B. (2007). The role of the clinical nurse specialist in promoting evidence-based practice and effecting positive patient outcomes. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 38(6), 262-70.

Cognitive Disorder in Elderly
Cognitive Disorders in Elderly

Sachiko Furuya

Cognitive Assessment & Lab

Kris Thomas, PhD

The research of this study is related to cognitive, dementia, Alzheimer disease, and depression issues with the elderly populations of the United States and in the world in general. Societies with a large number of elderly people such as the U.S.A. are increasingly focusing their efforts on improving the life standards of these people based on the types of services given to them. The well-being of those on palliative and hospice care is as important as the well-being of the family members of these patients. Although many health issues present themselves during the elder years of any patient, there is a lot of attention paid to cognitive and mood issues in this age group. The disorders and maladies that are relevant to this population include, among others, depression, dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and milder cases of Alzheimer's.…...

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References

American Psycholgical Association (APA) (2010). Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. American Psychologists Association.

Abby C. (2010). Physical Activity for an Aging Population. Public Health Reviews, Vol. 32. Retrieved from:  http://www.publichealthreviews.eu/upload/pdf_files/8/PHR_32_2_King.pdf 

Aklin, W. M., & Turner, S. M. (2006). Toward understanding ethnic and cultural factors in the interviewing process. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 43(1), 50-64.

doi:10.1037/0033-3204.43.1.50

It is also wise to have it reviewed by a doctor or attorney, the Family Doctor eb site suggests; that way you can be assured that what you wish to have done with you and to you if you become incapacitated is "understood exactly as you intended" (Family Doctor).
The advance directives are sensitive and private, and they are very important for seniors. But the advance directives can be controversial, so it is wise for older people to know the law and understand the facts. To wit, there have been rumors and falsehoods spread on the orld ide eb and elsewhere about the advance directives that are spelled out in the recent overhaul of the healthcare system. Former governor of Alaska Sarah Palin made news in the summer of 2009 by asserting that the advance directives in the healthcare overhaul created a "death panel" of bureaucrats who will "decide, based…...

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Works Cited

Binstock, Robert H., and George, Linda K. (2010). Handbook of Aging and the Social

Sciences. Maryland Heights, MO: Academic Press.

Black, Jane A. (2008). Notes: The Not-So-Golden Years: Power of Attorney, Elder Abuse, and Why Our Laws are Failing a Vulnerable Population. St. John's Law Review, 82(1), 289-314

Collier, Elizabeth. (2005). Latent age discrimination in mental health care. Mental Health

Substance / Alcohol Abuse among the Elderly
Substance/alcohol abuse among the elderly 60 years and older

Alcohol and substance abuse among the elderly is a significant social problem, not only because people in this age group tend to have very permissive attitudes towards social drug and alcohol usage but also because the stressors that accompany aging may result in increases in drug or alcohol usage to problematic levels. While people may begin experiencing age-related problems in their 40s and 50s, it is not generally until their 60s that most people begin to experience significant physical or emotional challenges related to age. These challenges are often accompanied by major life changes, such as retirement, the death of a spouse or friends, relocation, and diminished physical and intellectual capabilities. These changes may mean a lack of access to the coping mechanisms that have traditionally served the individual, leading to a rise in other coping…...

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References

Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. (2012). Substance abuse among older adults: Treatment improvement protocol (TIP) series, No. 26. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 12-3918. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.

Finkelstein, E., Prabhu, M., & Chen, H. (2007). Increased prevalence of falls among elderly individuals with mental health and substance abuse conditions. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15(7), 611-619.

Folkman, S., Bernstein, L, & Lazarus, R.S. (1987). Stress processes and the misuse of drugs in older adults. Psychology and Aging, 2(4), 366-374.

Garland, E.L., Schwarz, N.R., Kelly, A., Whitt, A., & Howard, M.O. (2012). Mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement for alcohol dependence: Therapeutic mechanisms and intervention acceptability work. Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions, 12, 242-263. doi:10.1080/1533256X.2012.702638

patient was admitted due to a broken hip which required a total hip replacement (TH). This injury has required two weeks of in-hospital rehabilitation to this point, and Mr. Trosak will probably need more physical rehabilitation to completely recover from the injury. Since there are secondary concerns (such as some loss of cognitive function (text, 462)) after a fall, it will be necessary to monitor M. Trosak. The falling incident could also reoccur due to the fact that the patient resides on the second floor of his apartment building. It will be necessary to ensure that Mr. Trosak understands the risk of a recurrence, and that he has sufficient assistance.
Prior to being hospitalized for the fall, Mr. Trosak was not taking any prescription medication, and he has not had a physical examination for more than ten years. While admitted, the patient was found to have chronic hypertension, which is…...

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References

Smith, M., & Segal, J. (2011). Depression in older adults and the elderly. Retrieved from  http://www.helpguide.org/mental/depression_elderly.htm 

Vanwanseele, B. (2009). To rehab or not to rehab following a total hip replacement. Retrieved from  http://sydney.edu.au/research/opportunities/opportunities/561 

Text.

In addition, epinephrine injection should not be used when women are in the second stages of labor. Furthermore, because the effects of this drug on pregnant women remain unclear, pregnant women should only use epinephrine injection when the risks to the mother outweigh the potential risks to the fetus (product insert).
hat not to do when taking this medication:

Although there are no specific recommendations provided by the manufacturer, patients who use this drug should be aware of the possible side effects and avoid strenuous activities that will cause additional increases in blood pressure or heart rates. Take it easy after using this drug!

In addition, patients should avoid using the same injection site repeatedly since it can adversely affect skin integrity (product insert).

You may experience the following side effects following an injection:

Headaches, fear, and hearts palpitations (these side effects are more common in patients who suffer from hyperthyroidism).

You may also experience…...

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Works Cited

Albertine, Kurt H. Anatomica. Willoughby,

NSW: Global Book Publishing Ptd

Ltd.

Barlow, David H. Anxiety and Its Disorders:

older patients over the age of 80 due to complications in health such as dementia and depressive symptoms, do not go for additional follow-ups. Yes, the authors explain repeated in person visits help better identify risk factors. There is no obvious research question however they do highlight the use of a study to confirm the hypothesis of whether or not repeated in person follow-ups help with problems experienced as patient's age. "We hypothesized that the type of visit would be related to key demographic, lifestyle, health and function characteristics and that the oldest aged participants would have the poorest retention for in-person visits, particularly clinic visits" (Strotmeyer et al., 2010, p. 697). This is a directional hypothesis because the retention rates are directly associated with increase in age. It is a simple hypothesis because it directly states a cause and effect. The hypothesis was tested and it revealed in-home…...

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References

Strotmeyer, E.S., Arnold, A.M., Boudreau, R.M., Ives, D.G., Cushman, M., Robbins, J.A., Newman, A.B. (2010). Long-Term Retention of Older Adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study: Implications for Studies of the Oldest Old. Journal of The American Geriatrics Society, 58(4), 696-701. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02770.x

The Argument -- She Could be Given a Transplant

I could not find a prohibition against liver transplants for those 70 or over, but there is a good deal of information in the literature supporting transplants for older people. In the PubMed section of the National Institutes of Health a study of 1,446 "consecutive liver transplant recipients was conducted" and 241 elderly patients (over 60) in that group were compared with younger counterparts. The conclusion: "Low-risk elderly patients fare as well as younger patients after liver transplantation" (Levy, et. al, 2001).

Meanwhile, Dr. Gerald S. Lipshutz, assistant professor of surgery at the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California reports the results of the findings at the orld Transplant Congress in 2006. In a study of 62 patients (Group I) between the ages of 70-79 that had received liver transplants -- compared with a group of 864 patients getting…...

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Works Cited

Flaman, Paul. "Organ and Tissue Transplants: Some Ethical Issues." St. Joseph's College, the University of Alberta. Retrieved June 23, 2011, from   (2001): 1-14.http://www.ualberta.ca/-pflaman/organtr.htm .

Kahn, Katherine. "Age Alone Does Not Affect Outcome of Liver Transplant in Elderly."

Medscape Medical News. Retrieved June 24, 2011, from   (2006): 1-2.http://www.medscape.com .

Levy, Marlon, Somasunder, Ponnandai S., Jennings, Linda W., Jung, Ghap J., Molmenti,

1. The impact of technology on the nursing profession
2. The role of emotional intelligence in nursing practice
3. The importance of evidence-based practice in nursing
4. The ethical dilemmas faced by nurses in healthcare settings
5. The challenges of caring for elderly patients in nursing homes
6. The role of cultural competency in providing nursing care
7. The impact of nursing shortages on patient care
8. The importance of effective communication in nursing practice
9. The role of nursing leadership in improving patient outcomes
10. The benefits of interdisciplinary collaboration in healthcare settings.
11. The role of nursing education in shaping the future of....

Key Factors Contributing to Surgical Site Infections in Obstetrics and Gynecology Patients
Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant complication in obstetric and gynecological (OB/GYN) surgery, leading to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and healthcare costs. Understanding the key factors contributing to SSIs is crucial for implementing effective prevention strategies.
1. Preoperative Factors:
Diabetes and obesity: Impaired wound healing and immune function increase the risk of infection.
Smoking: Nicotine constricts blood vessels, reducing oxygen and nutrient delivery to the wound.
Malnutrition: Inadequate nutrition compromises immune function and wound healing.
Vaginal infections: Preoperative colonization of the vagina with pathogens can increase the risk....

Of course! Here are some potential essay topics related to health nursing:

1. The role of nurses in promoting health and preventing illness
2. The impact of technology on health nursing practices
3. Cultural competence in health nursing
4. The importance of collaboration and teamwork among healthcare professionals
5. Mental health nursing: addressing the stigma and promoting awareness
6. The ethical considerations in health nursing practice
7. The challenges and opportunities in gerontological nursing
8. Evidence-based practice in health nursing
9. The role of nursing in managing chronic diseases
10. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health nursing practices and patient care

I hope these topics help you deepen your....