Engineering
Essays

Leadership theories continue to evolve as the complexity, nature and scope of organizations shift from command-and-control structures to more agile frameworks for managing change. The pace of disruptive innovation is accelerating, forcing reliance on the latest theories of leadership to keep organizations competitive in rapidly changing markets. The intent of this analysis is to evaluate the traditional, contemporary and emerging leadership theories and interpersonal forms of power. Unifying these factors by defining the profile of the ideal leader is also completed in this analysis, highlighting the most effective leadership characteristics and patterns in their specific roles. An organization has been selected, Cisco Systems, to evaluate these theories against. In addition, organizational stressors are also discussed in addition to strategies to managing them so an organization can still attain optimal performance. The five conflict management styles are also discussed in addition to potential barriers to communication, with recommendations on how to overcome them. Analysis of Traditional, Contemporary and Emerging Leadership Theories Traditional leadership theories stressed the concept of the "great man" or leader who was given the role based on behavioral traits and their ability to create and sustain teams' progress towards goals. These "great man" theories also relied on external observation of traits; there was little advanced screening of personality traits or the innate perceptions of highly effective leaders (Fitzgerald, Schutte, 2010). Traditional leadership theories progressed rapidly beyond only the observable traits of a leader and seeing them as innate to the belief that leadership could be mastered as a skill (Buffinton, Jablokow, Martin, 2002). This shift in leadership theories marked the transition of this field from traditional to contemporary research. With contemporary theories, leadership is seen as a skill that can be taught (Purvanova, Bono, 2009). The research of Dr. Max Weber on the traits of charismatic leaders and the contingency theories of Dr. Fred Fielder (Maslanka, 2004) are the foundation of contemporary theories of leadership. These foundational concepts set the foundation for the rapidly emerging leadership theories that are in use today. The inclusion of Emotional Intelligence (EI) and charismatic leadership into a common framework was first completed by researchers James McGregor Burns and Bernard Bass, who created the transformational leadership theory (Maslanka, 2004). One of the most powerful aspects of this theory is that it includes both the behavioral and cognitive aspects of leadership behavior, while also showing how adoption of the five factor model created can also increase leadership effectiveness (Judge, Joyce, 2000). Of the many emerging leadership theorists adding knowledge to this field, Dr. Bruce Avolio and Fred Luthans continued to expand on these leadership theories and show the potential for EI-based leadership models to positively impact corporate financial performance (Fitzgerald, Schutte, 2010). Defining the Ideal Leader The ideal leader at Cisco Systems is one that combines communication and collaboration skills with the ability to create and sustain team progress towards challenging goals. The best leaders at Cisco systems also have the ability to create self-efficacy in their subordinates along with accountability both to each other and to results. In this respect, Cisco's top leaders have strong transformational leadership skills combined with EI-based insights into hwo best to modify their own leadership approaches to meet the directional needs of their group (Purvanova, Bono, 2009). Combining the attributes or qualities of individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation and idealized influence, Cisco's top leaders have a strong foundation of transformational leadership skills (Judge, Joyce, 2000). What makes these leaders different than many others in the high technology industry is their ability to also combine interpersonal forms of power as well. These include coercive power, reward power, legitimate power, referent power and expert power (French, Raven, 1959). Of these, Cisco's top leaders are most effective when they use expert power and referent power, two elements often found in high technology companies given the nature of their business models. Both of these types of power are highly effective in moving new product ideas along to fruition and financial profitability. For Cisco, the pace of new product introductions must continually improve if they are to stay up with their global competitors. Cisco's leaders are given the responsibility for making new product launches contribute a large percentage of profits in any given financial quarter. This is how Cisco ties transformational leadership skills, expert and referent power to financial results. All of these activites revolve around innovation adn new product development.

This is a similar paradigm to the disciplines of communications and women's studies. First, while both can be broad disciplines, communications is certainly the grander of the two with literally hundreds of sub-disciplines. Communication studies deals with human communication, animal communication, mass media, speech communications, rhetoric, communication arts, journalism, public relations, computer-related communications and new media, and the flexibility of how messages are sent and received in any number of disciplines.

Global Warming and Social Philosophy: Practical and Ethical Issues in the Face of Climate Change

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¶ … oif columns in architecture extends from the ancient Egyptians and the Greeks and Romans to its modern usage in both public and private constructions and building. The various forms and styles, such as the classical…

Production of buses accounts for less than 1 percent of the motor vehicle industry. Though their production is low, they are extremely beneficial when it comes to transportation of 12 or more passengers. This paper examines the bus manufacturing process and how the process can be made efficient in order to minimize losses.

Balancing increasingly complex requirements for new software applications with the constraints of costs, time and resources has made the use of software development lifecycles invaluable. The reliance on software development methodologies is increasing as shortages of programming expertise are leading to many companies relying on virtual project development teams (Batra, Xia, VanderMeer, Dutta, 2010). Virtual teams and the new reality of software development being global in scope are strong catalysts for the continued adoption and best practices of software development lifecycles (Cecil, 2004). The intent of this analysis is to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of three dominant software development lifecycle methodologies including the Iterative Enhancement Life Cycle Model, the Prototyping Software Life Cycle Model and the Waterfall Software Development Lifecycle.

Qantas is the world's second oldest airline. Founded in the Queensland outback in 1920, it is Australia's largest domestic and international airline and is recognized as one of the world's leading long distance…

The key drivers in the global automotive industry are competition, fuel prices, the global economy as a whole and the economy of the U.S. And Europe in particular, and trade barriers/domestic economic policy.

Airplane and other man-made flying objects are some of the most advanced machines around. They achieve speeds and altitudes that even a few decades ago were thought to be impossible.