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Explanation
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What is Explanation?

Explanation as a mode of academic writing appears across virtually every discipline, from biology and economics to history, theology, and technology. Rather than arguing a position or narrating events, explanatory writing prioritizes clarity — breaking down complex systems, processes, or phenomena so that a reader can genuinely understand them. This makes it a foundational skill in English composition courses, where students learn to present information in structured, accessible ways regardless of subject matter.

The papers collected here reflect the broad range of contexts in which explanation is required. Some take a scientific or technical approach, such as examining how LASIK surgery works or identifying the symptoms caused by exposure to mercury and arsenic. Others explain organizational structures, business strategies, or economic paradoxes like the diamond-water problem studied in microeconomics. Still others address social, legal, or cultural subjects — from reciprocity within the Iroquois Confederacy to the traditions of the Catholic faith — demonstrating that explanation adapts to whatever situation or subject demands it.

A strong explanatory essay begins with a clear sense of scope: identify precisely what needs to be understood and why it matters to the reader. Evidence carries weight when it is specific and well-sourced — definitions, data, examples, and step-by-step reasoning all serve the goal of genuine understanding. The most common pitfall is confusing explanation with argument; an explanatory thesis states what something is or how it works, not what the writer believes about it. Keeping that distinction sharp ensures the writing stays focused on illuminating rather than persuading.

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Research Paper Doctorate
Environmental politics and policy frameworks
¶ … Water" by David James Duncan which commends the author in his elaboration of the importance of the ecological system in lieu of our human needs.
Paper Undergraduate
Insights from literature of art
My essay focuses on the leadership insights and qualities of Atticus Finch in Harper Lee's novel "To Kill a Mockingbird that was published in 1960. Atticus Finch is a widowed attorney and father of two small children.
Case Study Undergraduate
Chaney Allen Cognitive Behavioral Therapies
One approach that has gained a great deal of attention, particularly in the treatment of substance abuse, is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Originating with classical conditioning and operant learning, combined…
Paper Undergraduate
Genesis Comparing and Contrasting Genesis
One of the most taboo topics, even in our own society, is the question of what constitutes incest. In Genesis, this topic is addressed not once, but twice in Genesis 12 and Genesis 20.
Research Paper Undergraduate
Blindsight: What Accounts for Blindsight:
cortical preservation or subcortical routes?
Paper Undergraduate
Assessment and Special Education
IQ tests have been used to measure low intellectual ability ever since Binet and Simon produced their original test IQ test in 1905. IQ is viewed as a measurable construct and the concept of intellectual disability has been viewed as a measurable entity since the development of these tests. However, the assessment of IQ is fraught with inaccuracies. These measurement errors can effect who gets what resources, who is placed in the proper environment, and in some states who lives and dies. It is time for a standardized IQ measure that is used across all situations to measure intellectual disabilities.
Research Paper Doctorate
Immortality of the Soul in the Phaedo
Such dialogues as the Republic, the Phaedrus, and the Symposium make clear that Socrates has certainly reflected on the demonstrability of the immortality of the soul prior to his death day.
Research Paper Doctorate
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) Virtually
Virtually all women of childbearing age know that the female menstrual cycle can bring mood swings. Called "Pre-menstrual Syndrome" (PMS), it is accepted as a fact of life by most women and is frequently the punch line…
Paper Doctorate
Growing Demand for Functionally Superior Protein Gives
Research Intent: To heat a certain proportion (5%) of whey protein isolate (WPI) at a specific temperature (50.C) at a very rapid rate (1 minute). I would contrast that with heating 5% of WPI at 70.C. And use a third control group of heating another 5% of WPI at 90.C. Objective: To determine whether there is a difference in foaming properties when the WPI is heated at three different rates of speed and to note whether there is improvement in foaming property at a certain speed rate.
Paper Doctorate
Medical case studies and clinical analysis
This paper solves the following cases scenarios: Case A: Mrs Patrick is a 52 year old female, complaining of aching pain in her knees. She also complains of stiffness in her knee joints, esp. on waking up in the morning since past 1 month. She has noticed the stiffness increases after sitting for longer periods without moving her legs. Both the knees are swollen and painful. She mentioned that last winter, she had developed a sudden swelling and redness in her fingers. The joints were painful and she could not do any household work like washing or cleaning dishes then, as it increased the pain. She was given some painkillers to help with the pain. After this, the pain and swelling would come and go at irregular intervals through out the year. She also mentioned that after the first episode, her fingers have always been a little bit stiff. Upon interrogating about her family history she said her mother died of disability due to rheumatoid arthritis. Her elder brother suffers from gout. Her father is still very healthy and energetic at the age of 95 years. Physical appearance: She is extremely overweight, short stature. She weighs 95kgs and is about 151cms tall. She walks with the help of a walking stick and has difficulty when climbing stairs. Physical examination: Both knee joints are swollen and there is restricted movement. The range of movement is restricted. Her fingers have painless stiff nodosities in the interphalangeal joints. Crepitus can be felt in the left knee upon examination. Vital signs: Test Result Normal range Blood pressure 130/90 mm of Hg (110/70 – 130/90) mm of Hg Pulse rate 80, per minute 60-100 per minute Respiratory rate 14 per minute 12-16 per minute Temperature 36.9 ?C 36.6 – 37.2 ?C Case : Mrs. Thomas is 35 years old physical trainer at "Health First Fitness center" since past 5 years. Recently she has been complaining of pain and numbness in her hand and fingers. She describes it as "pins and needles" with burning and tingling sensations. Mrs Thomas is a mother of two young girls and is pregnant with her third child. She mentioned that she suffered from similar pains during her first pregnancy, but the pain was alright after that. She is three months' pregnant and is on insulin for Gestational diabetes. Her hands are slightly puffy in the morning. She gives a past history of falling from a swing at the age of 13 and she had to wear a collar for about 2 weeks. No neurological damage occurred because of the fall and she has had no neck or arm pain since then. On examination: Hands: slightly puffy Joints: normal Range of Movement. Thenar eminence is wasted bilaterally Sensory examination: touch sensation in the thumb, index and middle finger of both hands is altered. Sustained wrist flexion, for about 1 minute reproduces her symptoms of numbness of the hands