Exxon Mobil Essays (Examples)

ExxonMobil

Domestic Environment

The oil industry in the U.S. serves as the foundation for virtually the whole economy. The U.S. has largely exhausted its own domestic oil supply so it must rely primarily on foreign sources. New technologies have allowed the extraction of the oil that still remains in the U.S. Offshore drilling and oil reserves that are only accessible by hydraulic fracking represent the two best examples of controversial extraction methods. The oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico represents very clearly the risks associated with off-shore extraction. Furthermore, hydraulic fracking and the use of shale reserves have also been meet with a lot of resistance for their environmental risks.

Global Environment

The global environment for oil and gas has changed significantly in just the last few years. The conditions have been created by an increase supply in oil. These supply increases have largely come from technological developments that…

References

Doshi, V., & Corrigan, J. (2015). 2015 Oil and Gas Trends. Retrieved from Strategy &:  http://www.strategyand.pwc.com/perspectives/2015-oil-gas-trends 

Krauss, C. (2015, July 31). Exxon and Chevron Report Worst Quarterly Results of Current Decade. Retrieved from The New York Times:  http://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/01/business/energy-environment/exxon-mobil-chevron-q2-earnings-oil-prices.html 

The Economist. (2015, September 25). The perils of relying on the sticky stuff. Retrieved from The Economist:  http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21663235-persistent-low-prices-threaten-entire-region-perils-relying?zid=298&ah=0bc99f9da8f185b2964b6cef412227be

Exxon Mobile

ExxonMobil is the world's largest publicly traded international oil and gas company (ExxonMobil, N.d.). The industry is multifaceted and is composed of many different segments -- everything from the exploration of oil, the refinement process, and the transportation via ship, tanker, or pipeline. The oil and gas is of critical importance to the world's economy because there are many other industries are directly dependent upon these fuels. For example, oil can be used as a raw material to produce many other goods. Furthermore, oil and gas are the preferred fuel for the world's transportation system that is responsible for moving goods and services globally, which has also become increasingly important as the world has rapidly become more globalized.

John Galbraith challenged much of the conventional wisdom associated with classical economics (Economist View, 2006). One of his criticisms deal with what he refers to as the dependence effect. This…

References

Economist View. (2006, April 30). John Kenneth Galbraith's Contributions to Economics. Retrieved from Economist View:  http://economistsview.typepad.com/economistsview/2006/04/john_kenneth_ga.html 

ExxonMobil. (N.d.). About Us. Retrieved from Exxon Mobil: http://corporate.ExxonMobil.com/en/company/about-us

Ford, K. (2004, April 22). Rostow's Stages of Development. Retrieved from NVCC:  http://www.nvcc.edu/home/nvfordc/econdev/introduction/stages.html 

Kolmes, S. (2011). Climate Change. Enviornment, 33-37.

Mobil in Aceh

In the 1970s, stakeholders included Pertamina and the Indonesian government, Mobil and its employees and their families, the people of Aceh, the NGOs and activists active in Aceh. Many of these stakeholders remained through the 1980s and 1990s. The activists and pro-independence factions remained, the Indonesian government and military was more active in response. The local Acehnese were still among the major external stakeholders. The balance of who was more important may have shifted somewhat, mainly because the locals began to feel that the profits of Mobil's operations in Aceh were not being distributed properly.

The five claims are of varying degrees when it comes to how realistic they are. Mobil knows this. Using a road that the company built a long time ago means nothing, but using Mobil's equipment and facilities is very meaningful. Mobil's relationship with the Indonesian government needs to change as the result…

One set of concepts from each area was utilized to explain how the situation at Grand Bois may have come about. The end goal of the authors was to "provide business practitioners, ethics teachers, and readers interested in corporate conduct with insights useful in understanding why managers may act the way they do."

It could be argued, according to Hamilton and Berken (2005), that Exxon managers had made a sound business judgment, based on facts that were not known, at the time. The industry still contends that the majority of exploration and production waste contains no harmful compounds, and that for this reason the disposal techniques that are used at the Grand Bois facility were not only cost effective, but also environmentally safe.

Just because the exemption of this waste for hazardous materials was brought about by political lobbying does not mean that it is not scientifically or justified.

Oftentimes,…

References

Beschorner, T. (2006). Ethical theory and business practices: The case of discourse ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 66. Retrieved December 1, 2006, from ProQuest database.

Bowen, M. & Power, F. (1993 Apr). The moral manager: Communicative ethics and the Exxon Valdez disaster. Business Ethics, 3(2). Retrieved December 1, 2006, from Business Source Complete database.

Call for an extra Exxon Valdex payout. (2002). Disaster Prevention and Management, 11(3). Retrieved December 1, 2006, from ProQuest database.

Carson, S. (2006 Mar). Gert's moral theory and its application to bioethics cases. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal, 16(1). Retrieved December 1, 2006, from ProQuest database.

Exxon Mobile Analysis

Industry Background

Exxon Mobile operates in the oil and gas industry which is one of the most valuable industries in the world. Oil fuels much of our modern lives and allows us the mobility granted by the automobile and the infrastructure that allows for easy transportation. Within the industry, ExxonMobil is the world's largest publicly traded international oil and gas company (ExxonMobil, N.d.). The industry is multifaceted and is composed of many different segments -- everything from the exploration of oil, the refinement process, and the transportation via ship, tanker, or pipeline. The industry as a whole can be thought of as containing three primary components: upstream, midstream, and downstream. The oil and gas is of critical importance to the world's economy because there are many other industries are directly dependent upon these fuels. For example, oil can be used as a raw material to produce many…

References

ExxonMobil. (N.d.). About Us. Retrieved from Exxon Mobil: http://corporate.ExxonMobil.com/en/company/about-us

Kolmes, S. (2011). Climate Change. Enviornment, 33-37.

OSHA. (N.d.). OSHA's Efforts to Protect Workers. Retrieved from United States Department of Labor: https://www.osha.gov/oilspills/

Saeverud, I., & Skjareseth, J. (2007). Oil Companies and Climate Change: Inconsistencies between Strategy Formulation and Implementation? Global Environmental Politics, 42-45. Retrieved from Global Environmental Politics.

Exxon Mobile and Game Theory Analysis

ExxonMobil is the world's largest publicly traded international oil and gas company that operates in an industry that is dominated by several large firms (Exxonmobil, N.d.). On the international level, there are barriers to entry that make it difficult for new entrants to emerge, the product is considered a commodity, and as a result many have argued that this industry most likely follows the oligopoly market structure. The oil and gas industry as a whole is made up of three main types of activities in either upstream, midstream, or downstream industry segments which include such functions as exploration, extraction, transporting unprocessed raw materials, processing the materials in refineries, and further downstream conversions which will eventually lead to the finish products.

The oil and gas industries is arguably the most important industries in the world given the fact that it fuels much of the energy…

Works Cited

Castillo, L., & Dorao, C. (2013). Decision-making in the oil and gas projects based on game theory: Conceptual. Energy Conversion and Management, 48-55.

ExxonMobil. (N.d.). About Us. Retrieved from Exxon Mobil:  http://corporate.exxonmobil.com/en/company/about-us 

Roy, A. (2003). Game Theory in Strategic Analysis. Journal of Management Research, 127-138.

Exxon Corporation is a multi-national American oil and gas corporation. It has its roots in the John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company established in 1870. In November 30, 1999, Exxon and Mobil merged and became ExxonMobil. ExxonMobil keeps its headquarters in Irving, Texas. From Rockefeller to ExxonMobil, the company has developed and chosen vertical integration (the combination in one company of two or more stages of production normally operated by separate companies (450)

) across the entire supply chain including upstream and downstream directions to encourage and facilitate exchange of information. Constant and effective communication aids in improving sales strategy, promote efficiency, and minimize costs on a local, regional, and global scale. Although, based on the events of the Baton Rouge location, ExxonMobil does not seem to realize the importance of communication on all scales.

The first scale analyze is the global scale. The industry is characterized by globalization of…

In October 2005, EXXON had to pay a $8.7 million civil penalty, while at the same time spending $9.7 million on community environmental projects. In my opinion, these are unnecessary costs that can be eliminated in the future with an adequate financing for research and development in environmental protection and pollution reduction.

The marketing segment also needs an increased attention in 2006. For example, on the gasoline market, EXXON brands such as Mobil or Esso are already well-known throughout the world. Nevertheless, the specificity of the industry brings about the necessity to constantly promote these brands. How is an Esso gas station different from a Shell or Texaco one? EXXON needs to think out marketing campaigns deemed to bring out the main competitive advantages over other companies on the market: excellent service, better quality gasoline (going hand in hand with the spending in research and development in this segment, previously…

Bibliography

1. Exxon Mobil to spend $571m upgrading refineries. Reuters. October 2005. On the Internet at  http://www.financialexpress.com/fe_full_story.php?content_id=105423 

2. Blum, Justin. Exxon Mobil's first quarter earnings shoot up. Mail Tribune. April 2005. On the Internet at  http://www.mailtribune.com/archive/2005/0429/biz/stories/04biz.htm 

 http://www.exxonmobil.com /corporate

However, they are worth considering on the long haul. Since the oil and gas reserves are suffering from a chronic shortage, a major company such as Exxon should think strategically and expand into this area. The discussion is more complex, in the sense that intensive research and development efforts are needed to both improve the above mentioned alternatives and to discover new sources of energy.

Exxon Financial esults

Due to the high crude-oil and natural gas prices, in the context of a busy hurricane seasons in the Gulf of Mexico, Exxon has reported record figures for 2005, mounting up to $36 billion in net income and 31% return on average capital.

Source: Exxon Mobil 2005 Company eport

The results Exxon reported for the 2005 fiscal year are impressive:

record earnings of $36 billion, up 46%;

net income per common share of $5.76;

net income to average shareholder's equity of 339%…

References

Armstrong, M. 2003, Human resource management practice, (9th ed.), Kogan Page Limited, London

Litle, J. 2005, Get Rich - While Exxon Goes Broke, Retrieved Online from URL:  http://news.goldseek.com/DailyReckoning/1162413657.php 

Logan, A. And Grossman D. 2006, ExxonMobil's Corporate Governance on Climate Change, Ceres & the Investor Network on Climate Risk

Maxwell C. And Feshbach B., Energetic Discussion, Retrieved Online from URL:  http://www.weedenco.com/welling/archive/li/v06i04lilogo.asp

Three -- Steel Dynamics, Alcoa and IE DuPont fell in excess of 6% for the week. The drop in the first two can be attributed to weakness in commodities. The other outlier was Pfizer, which was the only stock to gain this week, up 0.49%. Even fellow pharmaceutical firms JNJ and MRK dropped, indicating specific strength in Pfizer, most likely tied to merger talks. Most stocks in the portfolio, however, roughly tracked the market, which slumped on generally discouraging sentiment with regards to economic recovery, spurred by weak new home sales and durable goods sales, two key economic indicators (Perman, 2009).

Stock

Close Sept 18

Close Sept 25

Return

STLD

17.85

16.61

-6.95%

XOM

69.81

68.7

-1.59%

AA

14.04

13.08

-6.84%

DIS

28.44

27.62

-2.88%

MRK

31.88

31.25

-1.98%

PFE

16.32

16.4

0.49%

MMM

74.65

73.8

-1.14%

KO

53.83

52.97

-1.60%

JNJ

60.72

60.62

-0.16%

DD

33.77

31.74

-6.01%

Dow…

Works Cited:

All stock quotes from MSN Moneycentral. Retrieved September 25, 2009 from  http://moneycentral.msn.com/home.asp 

No author. (2009). Stock index futures point to higher open. Reuters. Retrieved September 25, 2009 from  http://news.moneycentral.msn.com/provider/providerarticle.aspx?feed=OBR&date=20090925&id=10373441 

Gibson, Nevil. (2009). Wall Street Stocks Fall as Fed Keeps Interest Rates Down. National Business Review. Retrieved September 25, 2009 from  http://www.nbr.co.nz/article/wall-street-stocks-fall-fed-keeps-interest-rates-down-111655 

No author. (2009). Merck Seeks EU Approval to buy Schering-Plough. Associated Press. Retrieved September 25, 2009 from  http://news.moneycentral.msn.com/ticker/article.aspx?symbol=U.S.:JNJ&feed=AP&date=20090921&id=10408829

A large body of literature has treated many different aspects of these influences on Asia, Europe and the United States (Busser & Sadoi, 2003). The importance of the study relates to the current trends taking place in Libya where aggressive steps have been taken in recent years to normalize relations with the international community. For example, Libya opened up its programs to develop weapons of mass destruction to international scrutiny and renounced terrorism as a political tool (Libya, 2010). Moreover, the country's political leadership has been equally forthcoming in its efforts to normalize their relations with Western nations since 2003 (Libya, 2010). More recently, Libya has been removed from the U.S. State Department's list of states that sponsor terrorism in 2006 and in 2008, Libya joined the United Nations as a nonpermanent member on the UN Security Council during the 2008-2009 term (Libya, 2010).

Other signs that clearly point to…

References

About us. (2010). Mobil. Retrieved from  http://www.exxonmobil.com /Corporate/about.aspx.

Al-Waha Oil Company overview. (2010). Al-Waha Oil Company. Retrieved from http://www.

wahaoil.net/company_overview.htm.

Announcement of oil discovery. (2010, July). National Oil Corporation. Retrieved from  http://en.noclibya.com.ly/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1423& ;

isk Management Plan for Exxon Mobil

A risk management process is a systematic application of management policies for the purpose of identifying, analyzing, evaluating and mitigating any possible risks within an organization. The following paper focuses on formulation of risk management plan for Exxon Mobil, one of the world's most renowned oil and gas companies. The risks would be identified and selected applicable to this firm and after their evaluation, a risk treatment plan would be advised.

Establish the isk Context

Identifying the Context for isk Assessment

eviewing current organizational processes

Being in the gas and power marketing department of the company, there are certain risks applicable within my area of operation. In order to clearly determine those risks, first, a comprehensive look at Exxon Mobil's organizational processes along with a SWOT analysis is presented. The firm is dedicated to create and maintain an environmental policy that would protect the…

References

Bastian, B.L. & Tucci, C. (2010). An empirical investigation on the effects of political risk on technology strategies of firms, presented at Summer Conference 2010, London, 2010. London: Imperial College London Business School. Retrieved from http://www2.druid.dk/conferences/viewpaper.php?id=501908&cf=43

Exxon Mobil. (n.d.). About us: How we operate. Retrieved from  http://lubes.ExxonMobil.com/Lubes/about_how.aspx 

Green Peace. (2011). Risks and potential impacts of oil exploration in the Arctic. Retrieved from  http://www.greenpeace.org/international/Global/international/publications/climate/2011  / FinalArcticBriefing2011.pdf

Hirsch, A. (2011, June 17). Exxon Mobil accused of 'fraud' in Jacksonville gas spill trail. The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved from  http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/baltimore - county/bs-md-co-exxon-trial-closing-20110617-story.html

oyal Dutch Shell PLC

A Brief ecent History of oyal Dutch Shell PLC

eason Behind Choosing

Information Gathering and Accounting Business techniques

esult, Analysis, Conclusion & ecommendations

SWOT Analysis of DSP

Porter's Five Forces Analysis of the Chosen Company

Financial Analysis of DSP

Finance is the name of allocating the funds at a place from where the likelihood of receiving a good return is bright (Bragg, S2006). Organization is basically referred to a place wherein hundreds of people work together just to achieve a specific goal (Cinnamon, & Larsen, B.2006). The goal may be of two fold, like the goal can be economical or can be non-economical. According to the organizational officials and analysts, investment decisions are always tough to take as far as an organization is concerned (Cinnamon, & Larsen, B.2006). The economic decisions include ad hoc research, analysis and lots of study as well. The essence of risk…

References

Bragg, S (2006), Financial Analysis: A Control Guide, New York McGraw Hill Publications

Cinnamon, R & Larsen, B.H (2006), How to understand Business Finance, New York McGraw Hill Publications

Christian, G (2007), Econometrics & Financial Analysis, California John Wiley & Sons Professional Publications

Danial, L (2009), Financial & Business Analysis Techniques, New York McGraw Hill Publications

While Cadbury was initially vulnerable resulting in this take over, Kraft had to borrow heavily to afford the final price of 850p per share. In the coming months and years, Kraft will have to balance against recovering the money put into this acquisition (Wiggins, 2010). A risk, many British politicians and citizens alike fear will mean the end of their signature chocolate in an effort by Kraft to increase their profit margin quickly.

Case Study 2: Discussion

The Kraft acquisition of Cadbury is a corporate negotiation making headlines across the world both for the magnitude of the deal and the incredible hostility which marked the negotiations prior to the final signing of the agreement. Cadbury wound up in a financially vulnerable position after several strategically bold maneuvers ultimately resulted in a poor stock showing for the newly de- merged Dr. Pepper Snapple drinks company, and the reliance of Cadbury on…

References

1. "Exxon, Mobil in $80B deal." CNN Money official site. CNN, 1 Dec. 1998.

2. Beaudin, Guy. "Kraft- Cadbury: Making Acquisitions Work." BusinessWeek. 9 Feb. 2010.

3. "Mannesmann seals deal." CNN Money official site. CNN, 3 Feb. 2000.

4. "$58B bank deal set: J.P. Morgan agrees to buy Bank One in a deal that would combine two of the nation's biggest banks." CNN Money.com. 15 Jan 2004.

ExxonMobil (Xom)

Would you recommend that ExxonMobil use a single company- wide cost of capital for analyzing capital expenditures in all its business units? Why or why not?

To start with, a single company-wide cost of capital implies that the firm uses one general cost of capital as the discounting rate for all of the capital expenditures within its business operations irrespective of whether they come from different departments. The recommendation for Exxon Mobil is that it should not make use of a single company-wide cost of capital when analyzing capital expenditures for all of its business units. Instead, the company should make use divisional cost of capital for each business unit independently when undertaking an analysis for capital expenditures (California State University, n.d).

This follows from the consideration of aspect of difference in the levels of risks involved, in the different business units. For Exxon Mobil, as every business…

References

California State University. (n.d.). Firm-wide versus divisional cost of capital. Retrieved 2 September, 2015 from:  http://www.csun.edu/~vcfin003/divisionk.htm 

Kruger, P., Landier, A., & Thesmar, D. (2011). The WACC fallacy: The real effects of using a unique discount rate. Journal of Finance, Forthcoming.

Pratt, S. P., Grabowski, R. J. (2010). Cost of Capital: Applications and Examples. Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons.

For example, uiz (2006) points out that, "The role that EAPs play in attenuating these potentially disruptive issues is difficult to assess because companies zealously guard results of their programs from the public eye" (46).

Despite these constraints, though, it is possible to gauge the effectiveness of Mobil's EAP initiatives based on the typical costs savings realized by similarly situated enterprises. For instance, uiz adds that, "EAP providers contend that their services are a critical component in lowering the cost of health care and in bolstering productivity. EAPs can reduce absenteeism and tardiness by 10% and potentially boost productivity by as much as 25%" (46). In this regard, what is known about the company is that success rates between 70% and 85% have been reported by Mobil concerning the effectiveness of its employee assistance programs that have been targeted at reducing the incidence of substance abuse by company employees (Starr…

References

About us. 2010. Mobil. Retrieved from  http://www.exxonmobil.com /Corporate/about.aspx.

Austin, W.J. 2006, February. Employee Absence Poses New Legal Risks to Employers. Ward & Smith, P.A. Retrieved from  http://www.wardandsmith.com/news/articles/Employee_Absence.asp .

Avey, J.B., J.L. Patera & B.J. West. 2006. The Implications of Positive Psychological Capital

on Employee Absenteeism. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies 13(2): 42-

Vedanta believed that the company overall was undervalued; Hewitt was trying to avoid the loss of a major segment of business.

Overall, merger and acquisition activity has been relatively slow in recent years. However, firms are still trying to find ways to defend their position (GM, Hewitt) and other firms are attempting to creatively extract new value through their transactions (Exxon, a-B/InBev, Vedanta). As long as there are shifting environmental considerations and new opportunities to exploit, firms will continue to seek out merger and acquisition activities.

orks Cited:

McClure, B. (2010). Mergers and acquisitions. Investopedia. Retrieved March 14, 2010 from http://www.investopedia.com/university/mergers/default.asp

Espinoza, J. (2009). Merger pays off for AB InBev. Forbes. Retrieved March 14, 2010 from http://www.forbes.com/2009/03/05/inbev-quarter-profits-markets-equity_drinks.html

Daily, M. & Driver, a. (2009). Exxon Mobil to buy XTO Energy in big U.S. gas bet. Reuters. Retrieved March 14, 2010 from http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE5BD28G20091214

Reuters. (2010). Vedanta eyes aluminum unit spinoff. The Economic…

Works Cited:

McClure, B. (2010). Mergers and acquisitions. Investopedia. Retrieved March 14, 2010 from  http://www.investopedia.com/university/mergers/default.asp 

Espinoza, J. (2009). Merger pays off for AB InBev. Forbes. Retrieved March 14, 2010 from  http://www.forbes.com/2009/03/05/inbev-quarter-profits-markets-equity_drinks.html 

Daily, M. & Driver, a. (2009). Exxon Mobil to buy XTO Energy in big U.S. gas bet. Reuters. Retrieved March 14, 2010 from  http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE5BD28G20091214 

Reuters. (2010). Vedanta eyes aluminum unit spinoff. The Economic Times. Retrieved March 14, 2010 from  http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international-business/Vedanta-eyes-aluminium-unit-spin-off-Report/articleshow/5683287.cms

ExxonMobil

Even though investment prospects vary radically across businesses and industries, one would anticipate the manner of assessing financial returns on investments to be properly even. In this case, Exxon Mobil has its investments not only in the natural gas resources sector but also in chemicals and downstream business operations. Cost of capital also referred to as weighted average cost is basically the required rate of return that ought to be generated on an extra or additional investment for the market value of the company to actually remain the same. So what approach should Exxon Mobil take in determining its own cost of capital for generating new capital investment decisions (Jacobs and Shivsdasani, 2012)?

Firstly, it is imperative for Exxon Mobil to ascertain the difference that is there between the cost of the department and the cost of the firm itself. This is for the reason that the cost of…

References

Jacobs, M. T., Shivdasani, A. (2012). Do You Know Your Cost of Capital? Harvard Business Review.

Pratt, S. P., Grabowski, R. J. (2010). Cost of Capital: Applications and Examples. Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons.

This is important, because physics has allowed the combustible engine to provide the world with a cost effective solution for traveling long distance. Sadly, the electric car can only be used for short to medium distances. Then, there is another potential problem that could be developing with the lithium batteries that are used, where China control 95% to 100% the resources for these batteries (lithium). This is problematic because they could restrict how much they are exporting (which they already have) to ensure that there is enough supply for the country to meet its own internal demand. (ryce 2010)

Despite this dire news, there are increased effort within the industry to support the use and development of such new technologies, to work in conjunction with the combustible engine. An example of this support for such technologies can be seen by the fact several oil companies hold the patents on several…

Bibliography

2011 Volt, 2010, Chevrolet. Available from: [25 April 2010].

Exxon Mobil, 2010, Yahoo Finance. Available from: [25 April 2010].

Exxon Valdez Facts, 1999, Oceana. Available from [25 April 2010].

Fuel Efficiency Standard, 2009, MSNBC. Available from: [25 April 2010].

Pay-Offs and isks of Capital Investments

The decision of whether an investment project can be accepted or denied as part of a company's growth initiative will involve the ascertainment of the investment's rate of return generated by the project. Nonetheless, the rate of return is influenced by specific factors of the company or project that make the decision acceptable or unacceptable. For instance, when we talk about a charitable project, most often it is not approved by the rate of return, but rather on the desire of the business to foster good will and contribute by giving back to the community. Through capital investment decisions, managers of a particular organization create accountability and measurability to determine the long-term economic aspect of the project and the project's financial profitability (Baker & English, 2011).

An example of an investment capital made by an organization was when Exxon Mobil, acquired XTO esources. The…

Reference List

Baker, K. & English, P. (2011). Capital Budgeting Valuation: Financial Analysis for Today's Investment Projects. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.

Mikesell, J. L. (2014). Fiscal Administration: Analysis And Applications for the Public Sector (ninth Ed.). Boston, MA: Wadsworth.

Environmental Hazards as a Consequence of Crude Oil/Natural Gas Exploration, Transportation, Refining and Storage

Ever since crude oil was first successfully drilled in the U.S. In Titusville, Pennsylvania, in 1859, the demand for oil has only been increasing over the years in countries all over the world. (Camden, 1883) Crude oil, from which various petroleum products are obtained, is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon component found trapped in rocks below the earth. The word "petroleum" means "rock oil" or "oil from the earth." Natural gas is another form of hydrocarbon that is also found in nature. oth crude oil and natural gas have excellent combustibility and are good sources of energy. Crude oil is not used in the extracted form; but it is refined to obtained products such as gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), naphtha, kerosene, gas-oil and fuel oil. Secondary products during the purification of crude oil are obtained are…

Bibliography

Associated-Press, and Reuters. World's Biggest Oil Rig Sinks. 2001. CNN. Available:

http://www.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/americas/03/20/brazil.rig.02/.August 2, 2004.

AWMA. Oil Spills - a Fact Sheet. 2000. Air & Waste Management Association. Available:

 http://www.awma.org/education/oilspills.htm . August 1, 2004.

Oil & Gas Management

An Analysis of OPEC's Pricing Strategy: Has Saudi Arabia underestimated the resilience of U.S. shale oil?

The global environment for oil and gas has changed significantly in just the last few years as a new set of market conditions have been created that can be defined by an increase supply in oil. These supply increases have largely come from technological developments that have allowed for new forms of oil to extract such as shale oil which has in turn reduced the dependence on the cartels and Middle Eastern oil (Doshi & Corrigan, 2015). There have also been changes in the demand due to technology development as well. Engines and efficiencies have reduced the total demand for oil per user despite the fact that the number of total oil and gas users have increased rapidly in the developing world.

The oil industry serves as the foundation for…

References

Agnihotri, G. (2015, October 7). Decoding Saudi Arabia's Strategy In Its Oil Price War. Retrieved from Oil Price:  http://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/Decoding-Saudi-Arabias-Strategy-In-Its-Oil-Price-War.html 

Carroll, J. (2015, September 18). Shale Bargains. Retrieved from Bloomberg Business:  http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-09-18/exxon-said-to-be-on-the-hunt-for-shale-bargains-in-west-texas 

Doshi, V., & Corrigan, J. (2015). 2015 Oil and Gas Trends. Retrieved from Strategy &:  http://www.strategyand.pwc.com/perspectives/2015-oil-gas-trends 

Egan, M. (2015, November 23). Oil crash sparks OPEC revolt against Saudis. Retrieved from CNN Money:  http://money.cnn.com /2015/11/23/investing/saudi-arabia-opec-revolt-oil-prices/

A. (RECOPE, S.A), based on Costa Rica. There is also the Columbian nationalized oil conglomerate operating under the name Empresa Colombiana de Petroleos (ECOPETROL). oth of Chevron's largest global competitors are nationalized by the nations they operate in, which make pricing and market execution strategies in these specific countries difficult. In addition, there are significant cultural differences between the U.S. And these countries as well. As a result, there continues to be a strong push towards creating more co-ownership of oil refineries, production centers and operations between U.S..-based companies working in the area and national governments. In the case of the razilian government, who approached Chevron about such an arrangement in 2008 specifically for partnership with Petroleo rasileiro S.A., Chevron declined to enter into a nationalized-based alliance with the company and nation and instead sold the assets of their refineries to rasileiro S.A. instead (Wall Street Journal, 2008). In Mexico,…

Bibliography

Arun Agrawal, Maria Carmen Lemos. (2007). A Greener Revolution in the Making? Environmental Governance in the 21st Century. Environment, 49(5), 36,38-45. Retrieved January 10, 2009, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 1286913401).

Chevron, (2008). SEC Filings by Chevron. Retrieved January 10, 2009, from Chevron Investor Relations Web site:  http://investor.chevron.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=130102&p=irol-sec&secCat01.1_rs=11&secCat01.1_rc=10 

Amber Corrin (2008, November). Chevron Sells Marketing Interests in Kenya, Uganda. Global Refining & Fuels Report, 12(22), Retrieved January 10, 2009, from ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry database. (Document ID: 1593172881).

Joanna Franco (2008, March). Chevron Sanctions Four Refinery Upgrade Projects. Octane Week, XXIII (11), Retrieved January 10, 2009, from ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry database. (Document ID: 1455081191).

Management Styles

Fool-proofing a service operation.

In the banking industry, a significant service industry in any country, optimized operations are essential to ensure that the public has maximum confidence in the operators of this industry. ank of America and its operations have been selected for discussion in this study. The bank has grown tremendously in the past few years. CEO, Ken Lewis realized that the bank could gain a wider market share and customer base if it was able to streamline its operations and the level of service. Incorporating concepts of process management was considered essential to the improvement process. (Cox and ossert, 2005) Some of the tools such as six-sigma were used to ensure that a high level of quality was maintained in the service that the provided to the customer.

ank of America recognized that customer satisfaction was paramount in ensuring that the customer was loyal and would…

Bibliography

Anonymous. "Starbucks - Taking on the World." Strategic Direction 20.7 (2004): 13-15.

Coffeeresearch.org. Starbucks and Transfair USA Enter into Breakthrough Alliance to Promote Fair Trade Certified Coffee. 2000. August 5, 2005.

Cohen, Don. "Managing Knowledge in the New Economy." Conference on organizational Learning. Chicago: The Conference Board, LLC, 1998.

Cox, Daniel, and James Bossert. "Driving Organic Growth at Bank of America." Quality Progress 38.2 (2005): 23-28.

Regulating Oil and Gas Drilling and Transport

The American economy runs on energy produced from oil, coal, natural gas, hydroelectric power, nuclear power and renewable sources like solar and wind energies. In fact according to a report in the Congressional Research Service, oil provides the United States with 40% of its total energy needs. It is used in myriad ways, providing "…fuel for the transportation, industrial, and residential sectors" (Ramseur, 2012). Because of the great need for energy to fuel the American economy, oil in "vast quantities" enters the country and moves through the country by ships and by pipelines, Ramseur explains in the Congressional Research Service. Hence, it is inevitable that some spills will occur, and they certainly do occur, notwithstanding the attempts by the industry to conduct its business safely.

The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) reports that the U.S. consumed 6.87 billion barrels (about 18.83 million barrels…

Works Cited

American Petroleum Institute. (2012). Energy Security. Retrieved February 15, 2013, from http://www.api.org.

Barkham, Patrick. (2010).Oil spills: Legacy of the Torrey Canyon. The Guardian. Retrieved February 14, 2013, from  http://www.guardian.co.uk .

Griffin, Catherine. (2013). European Satellite Confirms Arctic Ocean is on Thin Ice, Global

Warming Strikes Again. Science World Report. Retrieved February 15, 2013, from  http://www.scienceworldreport.com .

Finance

My portfolio was constructed out of six stocks that are all market leaders. I was looking at mutual funds but could not find beta information so I went with all stocks. Each stock has a beta, which reflects the risk that company has, specifically how the stock moves in line with the market. This is not a causal relationship, just corollary -- the asset does not "react" to the market, it moves in line with investor expectations about its future, and the beta simply measures how those moves correspond with moves in the broad market.

In this paper, I outline the portfolio, along with the individual betas for each security, and the weighting of each asset in the portfolio. One of the important steps in portfolio management is the calculation of the portfolio beta. This is simply the weighted-average of the individual betas within the portfolio. A chart is…

References

Investopedia. (2014). Beta coefficient. Investopedia. Retrieved April 29, 2014 from  http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/beta.asp

capital covers a number of elements regarding a company's investment and return rates. A company's cost of capital is essentially the rate of return on capital invested in the company and "the market's required rate of return on that invested capital" (4). Cost of capital covers both debt and equity capital considerations. It covers the costs of the returns from those capital investments given external market and industry factors. Companies that use a combination of both debt and equity to finance their operations use the weighted average cost of capital, which is basically an averaged number of the debt and equity resources.

There are a number variables that Exxon Mobil (XOM) should consider when determining the cost of capital for making new investment decisions. First and foremost, executives need to ensure that any investment decisions are ultimately adding value for shareholders. To do this, the company would need to understand…

Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) has been the most important source available concerning the direction and status of capital markets in the United States for more than a century (Hora & Jalbert, 2009). The DJIA is comprised of the leading publicly traded equity issues which are reported in virtually all major newspapers and news reports in the U.S. as well as other industrialized nations (Hora & Jalbert, 2009). Despite this preeminent position in the financial industry, there remains a lack of understanding on the part of many consumers concerning how the DJIA is calculated or what the results of these calculations actually mean. To help fill this gap, this paper reviews the relevant literature to provide an overview and history of the DJIA and how it is calculated and its constituent components. Finally, a critical evaluation of the DJIA compared to other financial indexes is followed by a summary of…

References

Differences between the DJIA and S&P 500. (2016). Investopedia. Retrieved from http:/ / www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/130.asp.

Forde, J. P. (1986, July 10). Market slide this week was just a 'correction.' (Dow Jones Industrial Average loses 80 points in 2 days). American Banker, 151, 3-5.

Haensly, P. J. & Jiranjan, T. (2001, Summer-Autumn). Tracking error in the Dow Jones Industrial Average versus alternative market indices: New evidence. Quarterly Journal of Business and Economics, 101-104.

Hora, S. C. & Jalbert, T. J. (2009, September 1). The Dow Jones Industrial Average in the twentieth century - Implications for option pricing. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal, 10(3), 17-21.

S. Lukoil's American operations are also a reflection of the development process that the company is experiencing globally. The success of the exploration and development of oil fields in the near future will determine the long-term viability of the company in the U.S.

Oil exploration and extraction has always been a risky business. Significant deposits of crude oil will have to be identified for any petroleum company to stay as a significant player in any region of operation. Lukoil is a relatively new operation when compared to the other established players such as ExxonMobil, Shell and P. In addition, there are also many international companies such as Saudi's Aramco, Venezula's PDVSA and razil's Petrobras that enjoy the benefits of being a state run organization and not being subjected to the regulations that are faced by private organization. Constant fluctuations of the oil market have probability made this industry the most…

Bibliography

BBC, 2000. Russia in first U.S. corporate takeover. Accessed from the World Wide Web on May 20, 2007  http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/1005160.stm 

Lukoil, 2007. General Information. Accessed from the World Wide Web on May 20, 2007  http://www.lukoil.com/static_6_5id_29_.html 

Lukoil, 2007. Exploration. Accessed from the World Wide Web on May 20, 2007  http://www.lukoil.com/static_6_5id_253_.html 

Mosnews, 2005. Russia's Lukoil to Modernize Oil Terminal in New Jersey

Bargaining power of customers: Our main question here is whether al-Mart customers can walk away from buying a product at al-Mart and find it cheaper elsewhere. For the most part, the answer is no. al-Mart has built its reputation by providing products at a considerably lower price than its competitors (Is al-Mart good, 2005). Certainly, customers can try to find lower prices at other retailers; and the proliferation of the Internet also allows customers to visit several e-commerce retailers. However, al-Mart's ability to keep prices at rock-bottom, coupled with the fact that it has such dominant market share in America, means that the bargaining power of customers has been trending downward.

Bargaining power of suppliers: By most accounts, the bargaining power of suppliers is poor - al-Mart holds all the cards. If a supplier wants to sell to the U.S. retail market, it has to sell through al-Mart, given the…

Works Cited

Bhatnagar, Parija (2004). "The K-Mart-Sears deal." Nov. 17, 2004. Retrieved Oct. 19, 2006 from the CNN Web site at  http://money.cnn.com /2004/11/17/news/fortune500/sears_kmart/.

Fishman, Charles (2003). "The Wal-Mart you don't know." Retrieved Oct. 19, 2006 from the Web site for Fast Company at  http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/77/walmart.html .

Gallagher, Scott (2004). "Business level strategies." Retrieved Oct. 20, 2006 from the Web site for James Madison University at http://216.109.125.130/search/cache?p=business-level+strategies&fr=yfp-t-501&toggle=1&ei=UTF-8&u=falcon.jmu.edu/%7Egallagsr/WDFPD%2520-%2520Business.pdf&w=business+level+strategies&d=LlNaGpIFNgHG&icp=1&.international=us

Global Ethics Office (2006). Retrieved Oct. 19, 2006 from the Web site for Wal-Mart at  http://walmartstores.com/GlobalWMStoresWeb/navigate.do?catg=8 .

According to Oil Daily (2003), "coming off a disappointing 2002, BP announced a series of management changes on Thursday that could portend an imminent, major shift in the company's business strategy, and possibly provide clues about who might succeed John Browne as chief executive down the road." (OD, p. 1) Evidence suggests a company striving to shift its orientation internally to match changes in its role in the broader marketplace. The case study goes on to lay out a host of HR training strategies that demonstrate BP's commitment to greater personnel consistencies across all of its global holdings. Thus, the expected result underscores the primary rationale that more explicitly pronounced HR principles will bring greater quality assurance and consistency to all of BP's operations.

Conclusion:

The resolution of this case study is that following a period of healthy and aggressive expansion fully justified at the time of its occurrence, BP…

Works Cited:

America HR (AHR). (2009). BP and Hewitt Renew HR Outsourcing Deal. HROA.org.

Griffiths, K. & Shah, S. (2005). Business Analysis: BP Face Litigation Risk After Massive Refinery Fire. The Independent.

Oil Daily (OD). (2003). BP Youth Movement In Effect After Rough 2002. Goliath.

Rogan, M. (2003). The Transformation of BP. London Business School.

Keystone XL Pipeline Project Should Not Go Forward

The Canadian gas and oil corporation known as TransCanada would like to build a new pipeline from Alberta, Canada, to Texas; the pipeline, 2,000 miles of it, would carry some of the dirtiest crude oil (tar sands oil) known in the world into the United States to be refined and used domestically as fuel for transportation and other uses. The problem with this project -- besides the fact that tar sands oil is extremely foul and causes the release of a horrendous amount of greenhouse gases when burned -- is that a break or even small leak in the pipeline could devastate ecosystems, ruin existing water systems, and in the process jeopardize the health of Americans. This paper is vigorously opposed to the development of this controversial pipeline for a number of reasons that will be spelled out in the narrative.

hat's…

Works Cited

Bendavid, Naftali, and Hook, Janet. "GOP Ties Reducing Payroll Tax to Pipeline." The Wall

Street Journal. Retrieved December 8, 2011, from  http://online.wsj.com .

Hargreaves, Steve. "Keystone oil sands pipeline construction in doubt." CNN Money. Retrieved December 9, 2011, from  http://money.cnn.com .

Natural Resources Defense Council. "Tar Sands Pipelines Safety Risks." Retrieved December 9,

Innovation

Apple Inc.

Apple is a classic example for the modern business world of a company that bases a significant proportion of its strategy on innovation. Most all of its products are innovative by some measure while a few of their product offerings have been revolutionary. There are two events that have occurred recently that make an examination of Apple an especially interesting event. The first is that the co-founder and the commonly known Apple visionary, Steve Jobs, has recently stepped down as the company's chief executive and shortly after he passed away (Sherr, 2011). Another headline that was recently reported on the major media channels recently is that Apple had passed up Exxon Mobile to become the world's most valuable company in regards to its total net worth (Market Data Staff, 2011).

Apple's strategy of innovation is built into its product design. Apple doesn't manufacture the products it sells…

Works Cited

Lipschutz, N. (2011, June 1). Netflix's Formula for Innovation. Retrieved from The Wall Street Journal:  http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2011/06/01/netflixs-formula-for-innovation/ 

Market Data Staff. (2011, September 26). Apple, Exxon Mobil: Money Flow Leaders (AAPL, XOM). Retrieved from The Wall Street Journal:  http://online.wsj.com /article/SB10001424052970204422404576595212893665894.html

Sherr, I. (2011, October 18). Apple to Close Some Retail Stores Wednesday During Jobs Memorial. Retrieved from The Wall Street Journal:  http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2011/10/18/apple-to-close-some-retail-stores-wednesday-during-jobs-memorial-sources/

The spirit of competition also negatively impacted the manner in which employees communicated. The lack of specific definition as well as the highly isolationist company mentality ultimately resulted in a communication breakdown which prevented the effective running of the company.

Knowledge Sharing: Mentoring and cross-training have been declining leading to less knowledge sharing and familiarization opportunities for younger less experienced staff. Section members lack the opportunity to share knowledge and to share in lessons learned. This enforced specialization of employees will ultimately result in poorer results. Cross discipline work is essential in the successful integration and most efficient use of employed experts (Forrester, 1971). It could potentially take months longer to reach a favorable outcome if indeed the most efficient and effective outcome is ever reached at all.

Compartmentalizing of Data and Ideas: There are silos / compartments of information that was not readily communicated across departments (ichmond, 2001). As…

References

1. Ackoff, R.L. 1981 Creating the Corporate Future. New York: John Wiley, and Son.

2. Ackoff, R.L., & Emery, F. 1972 On Purposeful Systems. Chicago: Aldine-Atherton.Beer, Stafford, Brain of the Firm. Harmondsworth: Penguin Press, 1967.

3. Boulding, K.E. 1956 The image, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press

4. Churchman, C. 1971 Design of Inquiring Systems. New York: Basic Books.

This was able to guarantee the company a steady and sustainable growth, encouraging a constant profitability over this period of time.

Further more, the company is well-known for its principles of improving its performances and attempting to be more efficient in everything it does. Throughout its existence, the American retailer has focused on implementing information technology techniques in almost all its activities as the common belief was that automatization drives lower costs, lower prices, lower inventory, shorter delivery time and so on. Following these principles religiously, Wal-Mart has become one of the most efficient players in the entire American market, not just in its industry. Efficiency then was logically driving higher productivity rates and increased profitability for the shareholders.

Part D Company Report

The American retail market is dominated by 3 major players: Wal-Mart, Target and Kmart (see table 2). In 2005, the WalMart's market share was 8.82% increasing 0.2%…

Bibliography

WalMart 2006 Annual Report. On the company's website, last retrieved on September 2, 2007

Fortune 500 (2007),  http://money.cnn.com /magazines/fortune/fortune500/2007/

Hale, T. (2004), "Understanding the Wal-Mart Shopper," Consumer Insight Magazine,  http://www2.acnielsen.com/ 

Lehman Brothers (2002), "Wal-Mart Stores - it's All About the Lil' Smokies!," Global Equity Research, www.lehman.com

Dell, HP, Microsoft, Exxon Mobil and Wal-Mart has emerged as the strong candidates in the international market, which has been possible only because the companies have avoided and curtailed the possible security risk either through strategy in which the focus has been to aver the security concerns either through provisions for the social welfare of the people in the region, or through relocation (Erik, 2004). The United States has therefore maintained its lead in the war of trade in the field of globalization with the weapons of research, technological advancement and services fully active and supportive.

ecommendations

It is proposed that the country should devise a strong security monitoring system which should be compatible to the economic and trade system and linkages of other countries, the government of the United States should not design its economic policies as per the security concerns prevalent in the certain regions, rather areas of…

References

Dell Champlin, Paulette Olson. The Impact of Globalization on U.S. Labor Markets: Redefining the Debate. Journal of Economic Issues. Volume: 33. Issue: 2. 2001. Association for Evolutionary Economics.

Kunihiko Imai. The Impact of Globalization on Civil Liberties: Asian vs. Non-Asian States. International Journal on World Peace. Volume: 19. Issue: 1. 2002. Professors World Peace Academy.

Erik S. Reinert. Globalization, Economic Development and Inequality: An Alternative Perspective. Edward Elgar Publishing. 2004. pp. 23-67.

Jonathan Michie, John Grieve Smith. Globalization, Growth, and Governance: Creating an Innovative Economy. Oxford University Press. 2001. pp. 103-129.

Apple's 2011 profits "are predicted to climb another $3 billion, or 22%, to $16.5 billion. The iPhone is still on fire. And the new iPad sold a whopping 3.3 million units in its first quarter on the market" (Cendrowski, 2010). While it is true that Apple is hardly an overlooked 'gem' and is a fairly mature state as a company, it is also true that it has many new 'hot' products. Apple continues to innovate, most notably with its recently-announced 'iCloud' service (Hughes 2011).

Part IV. Why you would recommend this stock at the price level? (Why it is undervalued for buying recommendation/overvalued for short selling recommendation?)

The announcement of the iCloud services is likely to mean expanded sales in the near future for Apple. "We notice that every time a new feature is added to iTunes (like TV and movie rentals), its utility value increases, which in turn drives…

References

Cendrowski, Scott. (2010, September). Should you buy Apple stock? Think twice.

Fortune. Retrieved June 1, 2011 at  http://money.cnn.com /2010/09/09/pf/apple_stock.fortune/index.htm

Hughes, Neil. iCloud Announcement. (2011, June 1). U.S. federal government ditches

Blackberry. Apple Insider. Retrieved June 1, 2011 at  http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/06/01/icloud_preannouncement_leads_wall_street_to_expect_big_things_from_apple_at_wwdc.html

He offered me $1,000 to set an appointment with the candidate. I refused to accept the bride, and as such, behaved in an ethical manner.

From a teleological standpoint, my decision was a positive one since it was made in the sense and the sake of the final goal, that is the preservation of a good reputation for the candidate. Also, the decision also empowered my personal morale. Still, the finality of the action was that the business man approached another campaign staff and the decision made impacted primarily myself, rather than the actual system of political bribes.

2.2. Personal ethics and deontological frameworks

At the level of deontological ethics, I also acted in full accordance with the specifications and moral expectations of the position I was occupying at the time. In other words, I acted based on the norms and rules of behavior applicable when acting on a campaign…

References:

Adam, D., 2009, ExxonMobil continuing to fund climate skeptic groups, records show, the Guardian,  

MICOSOFT: No terrorist is going to try to blow up Microsoft; no oil products are needed to run computer hardware and software; computers run the world of commerce; and Bill Gates owns a huge percentage of all things computer software-related, so the Microsoft steamroller is a great investment and not as vulnerable to world conditions as are the first two companies reviewed in this section.

One final conclusion: for EXXONMOBIL, albeit their fortunes can change because of the war and oil's vulnerability to war, their earnings for the 4th quarter of 2004 were their highest ever ($8,420 million), and they have friends in the White House in Bush and Cheney, so their financial picture remains very bright; for FOD, they experienced a $5 billion pre-tax profit from their "financial services" (auto loans) division, which is very impressive; moreover, car sales are booming and Ford will, in the near future, realize…

References

AllBusiness (2005). What Are Generally Accepted Accounting Principles? Retrieved February 8, 2005, at  http://www.allbusiness.com/articles/content/17954.asp .

Anderson, Curt. (2005). Microsoft Reports Record Revenue and Earnings. Retrieved February 9, 2005 from Microsoft Investor Relations Web site:  http://www.microsoft.com/msft .

Bruebaker, Gary H. (1999). A Question of Value. Government Finance Review, 15(3),

Ensman, Richard G. (1999). Accrual Basis vs. Cash Basis Accounting. Doors and Hardware, 63(10), 20-22.

From the point-of-view of the variation and flexibility of the species such cultivated woody crops rank as no more than cornfields. While the tree farms are conveniently be stretched on the private lands, national forests those are considered priceless reservoirs of most of the biological diversity of the nation cannot expand so easily. The commercial logging is considered as the greatest danger for survival of the national forest system. The timber sales are growingly concealed beneath the post fire recovery and fire prevention missions, forest health initiatives and restoration programs. (Endangered Forests: Endangered Freedoms)

Wetlands disappearing

Declining wetlands and reservoir construction are having spectacular influences on a global scale. (the Importance of Wetlands and the Impacts of eservoir Development) the data of USF & WS reveals that the United States added 2.3 million acres in ponds and inland mudflats during the period of mid 1950s and mid1970s. The country added…

References

Acid Rain -- a Contemporary World Problem. Retrieved at http://www.geocities.com/narilily/acidrain.html. Accessed on 3 February, 2005

Acid Rain: Do you need to start wearing a rain hat? Retrieved at  http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/acidrain.html . Accessed on 3 February, 2005

Barney, Gerald O. The Whole World in Our Hands. SF Chronicle. 31 December, 2000. Retrieved at http://www.mindfully.org/Sustainability/in-Our-Hands.htm. Accessed on 3 February, 2005

Bryant, Peter J. Biodiversity and Conservation: A Hypertext Book. Retrieved at http://darwin.bio.uci.edu/~sustain/bio65/lec05/b65lec05.htm. Accessed on 3 February, 2005

Business Dispute

The nature of disputes in business is varied and in some instances they come because of the wrong performance of people. Let us take the case of Mr. Coughlin who retired from Wal-Mart in January finally gave his resignation from the board of directors on March 25th. According to Wal-Mart there was a pattern of expenses account abuses by him, as also the use of incorrect invoices for getting reimbursement of expenses. This action has been accompanied by the sacking of a few other employees also. The investigation into the matter is being carried by the U.S. attorney for the Western District of Arkansas. The matter is also being investigated by Wall Street Journal and they feel that Mr. Coughlin often forced his subordinates to create false bills so that he could get payments for his personal expenses from Wall-Mart. He is now 55 years old and this…

References

Bandler, James; Zimmerman, Ann. (8 April, 2005) "A Wal-Mart Legend's Trail of Deceit." Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://www.mindfully.org/Industry/2005/Wal-Mart-Coughlin8apr05.htm Accessed on 23 May, 2005

Franke, Diane. "5 tips for better business cases." (Sept. 20, 2004) Retrieved from  http://www.fcw.com/fcw/articles/2004/0920/pol-5tipsbiz-09-20-04.asp  Wal-Mart 2002 Accessed on 23 May, 2005

Fishman, Charles. (December, 2003) "The Wal-Mart You Don't Know." Retrieved from  http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/77/walmart.html  Accessed on 23 May, 2005

"Wal-Mart Loses Unpaid Overtime Case." (20 December, 2002) Retrieved from  http://www.cbsnews.com /stories/2002/12/20/national/main533818.shtml Accessed on 23 May, 2005

An American who spent sometime in Germany recounted his experience [Will Higher Gasoline Prices Inspire Lifestyle Changes, 2001] of energy prices in that country, "When I lived in Germany, the price of gasoline went from the equivalent of $2.50 per gallon to $3.25 per gallon over night. The Bundesregierung had added another $0.75/gallon gas tax, in addition to the existing $2.00 per gallon gas tax. (That's right: $2.75 out of every $3.25 per gallon was Federal taxes.)," He remembered the effect on prices on his use of transport, "I used the public transport system, easily the best in the world."

This is the direction our country will have to go too. Do we allow this country to be totally dependent on imported oil? Should we keep gasoline prices low to prevent development of alternatives or take necessary steps now to create a change in the present Gas Guzzling life style?…

Roberts, P., Bad Sports, Harper's Magazine. April 2001

Snead, M.C. And Martinez, R.D., Energy Prices and the Oklahoma Economy, Center for Applied Economic Research, Oklahoma State University, September 2004

Yetiv, S.A., America benefits from high oil prices, retrieved from Internet on 21st May 2006,  http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060206/news_mz1e6yetiv.html , February 6, 2006

ur place work . 4. 2 detailed examples organizations u friedmans theories applied.

Two of Milton Friedman's main points referred to the belief that all companies had the primary objective of registering profits, and also that it was normal and natural for unemployment to exist to a specific degree; it if were to be entirely eliminated, inflation would be created.

As opposed to Friedman's view, Archie Carroll believes that the primary scope of the economic agents in that of operating in a socially responsible manner. Additionally, the more modern economist states that the focus of corporate social responsibility is the natural response to the evolution in the society and the growing need of business agents to balance the needs of their multiple stakeholders (Carroll, 1991).

3.

If one were to select the principle to implement within the workplace, this would be the emphasis on corporate social responsibility, due to the…

References:

Carroll, A., (1991). The pyramid of corporate social responsibility: toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders. Business Horizons. July-August

2012. Exxon Mobil. Source Watch.  http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Exxon_Mobil  last accessed on August 17, 2012

Website of Ben and Jerry's Homemade Holdings Inc.,  http://www.benjerry.com  last accessed on August 17, 2012

TransCanada is fighting people that are worried more about aesthetics and ideals rather than benefits to the consumer (TransCanada, 2013).

3.2 The significance of organization to issue and vice versa (330 words)

In the end, the issue that faces TransCanada is selling the pipeline to the public effectively enough, as well as to the populations that can green-light the project, so that the project goes forward and thus allowing TransCanada to deliver oil more efficiently and quickly than is currently possible given the current oil transportation infrastructure that exists. This is especially true given the advent of oil sands and fracking in the United States as well as parts of Canada (Koring, 2013). The gist of the issue is that many people support the pipeline but some are concerned and many of the people that are averse to the project are politicians that are trying to push green energy and/or…

References

AlexGPR.com. (2013, March 30). PR Tip #264: Use Scope: Alex G. Alex G. Retrieved March 30, 2013, from  http://www.alexgpr.com/2011/06/scope/ 

BLS.gov. (2013, March 30). Public Relations Managers and Specialists: Occupational Outlook Handbook: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved March 30, 2013, from  http://www.bls.gov/ooh/management/public-relations-managers-and-specialists.htm 

Burdeau, C. (2012, January 8). BP Ad Campaign Following Gulf Oil Spill Deemed 'Propaganda' By Some. Breaking News and Opinion on The Huffington Post. Retrieved March 30, 2013, from  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/08/bp-ad-campaign-gulf-oil-_n_1192600.html 

ENS. (2013, March 4). Keystone XL Pipeline Gets Upbeat Analysis From State Department | Environment News Service. Environment News Service. Retrieved March 30, 2013, from  http://ens-newswire.com/2013/03/04/keystone-xl-pipeline-gets-upbeat-analysis-from-state-department/