JC Penny Makeover
Background on U.S. Department Stores and Background on J.C. Penney

Dr. Robert Tamilia (Marketing professor at the University of Quebec at Montreal) explains that the department store in America not only "…revolutionized the retail store," and the shopping experience, and the available of products and promotional techniques, the department store contributed in a major way to the evolution of "...hiring practices and inventory control procedures" (Tamilia, 2002, p. 3). Moreover, Tamilia writes that the department store was one of society's more "democratic institutions" and besides offering customer services that had previously been unheard of (restaurants, restrooms and reading rooms) the department store in America "…liberated women and gave women their rightful place in society."

In fact, the author continues, because of department stores, jobs became available for women that "opened career opportunities" in various professional fields and department stores "…changed society's values in accepting that women could go and shop…...

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Works Cited

D'Innocenzio, Anne. (2012). J.C. Penney slashing prices on all merchandise. Associated Press.

Retrieved July 10, 2012, from  http://www.usatoday.com .

Girard, Kim. (2012). Is JC Penney's Makeover the Future of Retailing? Harvard Business

School. Retrieved July 11, 2012, from  http://hbswk.hbs.edu .

JC Penny is an iconic American brand that has catered specifically to the middle class for generations. This strategy upon inception was beneficial, as JCP was able to operate in the great depression. Through use of a "Fair Price" model, customers flocked to JCP for its value orientation. This allowed the company to grow even in the midst of the great depression. However, capitalism evokes change even in the most well run businesses. JCP quickly found competition for other, more focused department stores such as Sears and Wal-Mart. JCP has now been forced, through competitive pressures, to re-evaluate its cooperate and business strategy. This has become particularly true since the great recession, as consumers are still not completely confident about their future purchasing behavior.
Analysis

Below is a SWOT analysis of JCP relative to peers in the industry. As a retailer focused on the middle class, JCP has a vast amount of…...

Organizational Behavior
The Transformation of JC Penny for the New Century

Organizational behavior is the study of how the actions of individuals, groups, and structures influence the behavior of an organization. Organizational culture refers to the characteristics that define the organization and make them unique. Organizational culture refers to communication styles, management styles, interaction styles, policies and procedures, as well as the manner of dress within the organization. Organizational culture influences organizational behavior in many ways. Organizational behavior produces outcomes that lead to the success or failure of the business. This research will explore that organizational behavior of the JC Penny Company.

Many studies on organizational behavior focus on the failures of the business in relation to organizational behavior. However, this research takes a different approach and will focus on a company that is been around for 100 years. It will explore organizational behavior within the JC Penny Company and how it has…...

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References

Anderson, G. Culture Change Part of Penney's Plan to Succeed. March 28, 2006. [online] Available from:   Accessed April 29, 2012.http://www.retailwire.com/discussion/11310/culture-change-part-of-penneys-plan-to-succeed .

Buchanan, D. 2004. Organizational Behaviour: An Introductory Text. Financial Times / Prentice Hall.

Chaneta, I. n.d. Organizational Behavior. Journal of Comprehensive Research 8 (13), pp. 13.

Damas, J. And Schendel, R. 2012. JC Penny Re-brands…again. Labelscar. The Retail History Blog. [online] Available from:   Accessed April 29, 2012.http://www.labelscar.com/retail-stores/jcpenney-2012-new-logo 

JC Penney:
J.C. Penney Company, Inc. is a holding firm with the main operating subsidiary known as J.C Corporation, Inc. The company sells accessories, family apparel and footwear, beauty products, home furnishings, and fine and fashion jewelry in its department stores in America and Puerto ico. Since its inception, this company has grown to become a major retailer that operates approximately 1,106 department stores by the beginning of 2011. The business of this firm basically consists of selling their products and services through the numerous stores and its online business strategies. This growth has resulted in the company to be ranked as America's largest department-store retailer and catalog business.

Mission, Vision, and Primary Stakeholders of J.C. Penney:

The vision of J.C. Penney Company, Inc. is to become America's shopping destination for inventing great styles at reasonable and attractive prices. This vision is centered on the company's long-range growth initiatives that consist of four…...

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References:

Bartholomew et. al. (2007, June 1). J.C. Penny Company, Inc. Equity Valuation and Analysis.

Retrieved December 17, 2011, from  http://mmoore.ba.ttu.edu/ValuationReports/Summer2007/JC-Penney.pdf 

"J.C. Penney Company, Inc." (2010). Commission File Number 001-15274. Retrieved from United States Securities and Exchange Commission website:  http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1166126/000119312511081412/d10k.htm#toc142811_12 

"J.C. Penney Company, Inc. Summary Annual Report" (2010). Annual Reports.com. Retrieved December 17, 2011, from http://www.annualreports.com/HostedData/AnnualReports/PDF/jcp2010.pdf

JC Penney's New Pricing Strategy
J.C. Penney was founded in 1902 by James Cash Penney, and by 1907 he had purchased full interest in three locations, moving his company headquarters from Wyoming to Salt Lake City in 1909. By 1912, there were 34 stores in the ocky Mountain State areas. By 1928 Penny's had opened 1000 stores and by 1941 had 1600 stores in all 48 states. Penny's began national advertising in 1956, offered in-store credit cards in 1959, and acquired The Treasury discount stores in 1962. By 1963 it issued its first catalog, expanded to Alaska and Hawaii, acquired Thrift Drug and by 1969 was a major feature in most American cities. By James Penney's death in 1971, the company had revenues of over $5 billion and peaked with 2,053 stores in 1973 jcpenney.com; Mattioli, 2012).

etailing in the 21st century demands far different strategies than ever before. etailing has changed,…...

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REFERENCES

www.jcpenney.com

D'Innocenzio, A. (January 27, 2012). J.S. Penney Slashing Prices on All Merchandise. USA

Today. Retrieved from:  

management styles used by JC Penney's management and pros and cons of each era of management. The paper begins with a general introduction of the management and then by answering the questions asked. The paper also evaluates company's management styles and problems faced by the company. Importance of innovative management style and a suitable style for JC Penney is also considered in the given paper.
Management

Penney being one of the 'largest retailers in the United States of America' was founded in the year 1902 by James Cash Penney. At its inception the company owned three departmental stores. The company now owns and operates a chain of more than 1050 department stores in the country. (Hoover's Company Profile, 2014) Throughout the period of more than a century of its operations the company has witnessed many changes in management and operations, all directed at making the company and its stores widely accepted…...

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References

Bhasin, K. (2013). JC Penney's Senior Management Team Knows There's Only One Way Out Of This Mess. Business Insider, 18th March.

Bhasin, K. (2013). Inside JC Penney: widespread fear, anxiety, and distrust of Ron Johnson and his new management team. Business Insider, 22nd February.

Chernev, A. (2012). Two questions haunting J.C. Penney. Retrieved from:   [Accessed: 25 Jan 2014].http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-08-13/two-questions-haunting-j-dot-c-dot-penney 

Daft, R.L. (2012). Management. Australia: South-Western.

Financial Statement Analysis
Basically, these ratios tell a lot about the two companies. It takes half a second to realize that Kohl's is the better investment, since JCP is losing money in heroic fashion. JC Penney not only lost a lot of money last year, but has lost money for the past three years. Its revenues are down substantially in that time, with a collapse in 2013. A quick Google search tells all about the massive marketing missteps that have crippled JC Penney. The stock price is low, but that is because this is not a growth story.

The current ratio highlights the liquidity of the company, and both are well above the 1.0 threshold normally considered a sign of trouble. While Kohl's earns a better profit margin, both companies have a health gross margin. The issue over at Penney is that its net margin is a staggering loss. To put it…...

JC Penney Acquiring Kohl's
Kohl's Financials

Often, a firm that is taken over is struggling financially. One of the reasons is entirely pragmatic -- a struggling firm likely has a lower stock price, making the takeover more affordable. Over the past four years, Kohl's has seen its revenues flatline. evenues were $19.2 billion in FY 2016. The company's cost of goods sold is steady as well, at 63.8%. So in that sense, Kohl's is a very stable firm financially. This stability should actually mean that its stock price fairly accurately reflects the present value of future cash flows, making it difficult for the acquiring firm to earn profit from the transaction, given that they have to pay a premium to Kohl's shareholders.

The company has seen its selling, general, and administration expenses increase gradually over the past couple of years, which has resulted in shrinking operating income. The operating profit margin was 9.8%…...

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References

Kohl's 2015 Form 10-K. Retrieved January 17, 2017 from  http://corporate.kohls.com/investors/financial-information 

MSN Moneycentral: Kohl's (2017) Retrieved January 17, 2017 from  https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/stockdetails/financials/fi-126.1.KSS.NYS 

Vasel, K. (2016). JC Penny, Kohl's, Macy's and Sears sued over misleading prices. CNN. Retrieved January 17, 2017 from  http://money.cnn.com/2016/12/09/pf/price-scheme-jcpenney-kohls-sears-macys/

justification report provides recommendations to Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, which is a media empire that provides insights into a company's relations with its stakeholders, especially customer and shareholders. The firm is a diversified media and merchandising company that was founded in 1997 by Martha Stewart. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia is classified into four business segments i.e. Internet, Merchandising, Publishing, and Broadcasting media platforms product lines. As a result, the firm's business holdings incorporate various print publications, e-commerce websites, and radio and television programming. The founder of the company served as its chairperson, president and Chief Executive Officer until the ImClone Insider Trading saga occurred, which resulted in her forceful resignation. The resignation was fueled by the fact that the Securities and Exchange Commission agreed to prohibit Stewart from serving in any capacity that would revolve around preparing, auditing, and disclosing fiscal results and information of a publicly traded company.
In…...

The customers want to watch out the promotional offers, and a recent survey showed that in many cases it would take discounts of up to 50% to persuade customers to make a purchase (Business Insider, 2012). Therefore, rather than appreciating the more consistent everyday low prices, the JC Penney customers have seen the move as taking away their opportunity to purchase goods on promotional offers. The result has been significant, in the first quarter alone the company saw revenue drop by 20%, with the firm losing 10% of their customers (Bickle, 2012). The strategies continue to struggle, with the 2012 revenues amounting $17,260 million, compared to $17,759 million in 2011, the result of 2012 was the lowest revenue in the last five years (Morning Star, 2013). This has had an undeniable negative impact on the company stock, following an initial gain of the strategy was announced, the firm has…...

Tax Liability
A preview of capital structure issues

In regards to the overall business environment, capital structure has profound implications of the business, irrespective of its industry. For one, a firm's capital structure is then the composition or 'structure' of its liabilities. For example, a firm that sells $40 billion in equity and $160 billion in debt is said to be 20% equity-financed and 80% debt-financed. The firm's ratio of debt to total financing, 80% in this example is referred to as the firm's leverage. This leverage has implications on the entire firm. For example, leverage in many respects is a double edges sword. On one hand, leverage can amplify gains for firms. However, if used incorrectly, leverage can also amplify loses. As such, firms must be cognizant of its capital structure as complacency can hinder overall business performance. Debt and equity financing, can have a profound implications on the business overall.…...

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References:

1) Myers, Stewart C.; Majluf, Nicholas S. (1984). "Corporate financing and investment decisions when firms have information that investors do not have." Journal of Financial Economics 13 (2): 187 -- 221

2) Baker, Malcolm P; Wurgler, Jeffrey (2002). "Market Timing and Capital Structure." Journal of Finance 57 (1): 1 -- 32.

3) Lyandres, Evgeny and Zhdanov, Alexei, Investment Opportunities and Bankruptcy Prediction (February 2007) Available at SSRN:  http://ssrn.com/abstract=946240 

4) Timmer, Jan (2011). Understanding the Fed Model, Capital Structure, and then Some.

Technology has fundamentally changed the manner in which business, commerce, and networking are conducted. Innovations related to data analytics and artificial intelligence have expanded the realm of possibilities for a range of industries from automobiles to energy. With these revolutions come a host of uncertainties as well. Forecasting the future has simultaneously become more predictable but more uncertain. Likewise, technology has become more secure but also much more dangerous. With each new iteration of technology, new advances in products, goods and services emerge. This has ultimately ushered in a new wave of prosperity not seen since the industrial revolution, where nearly all market participants are impacted. Through these innovations however, it is important for consumers to be cognizant of the impacts of artificial intelligence on information and security management (Li, ).To begin, as noted in the introduction, technology has altered nearly every industry across the world. To better understand in…...

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References 1. Shenzhou. Simultaneous management and service together to create a shield of financial security. Electronic Finance, no. 8, pp. 90-91, 2017.2. Zhao Yingqiu. Chongqing Business Management Department adopted innovative measures to improve the information security management level of the financial industry. The era of financial technology, vol. 024, no. 003, pp. P.59-61, 2016. 3. Tang Xianyong. Innovating confidentiality management and strengthening information security management. The era of financial technology, vol. 024, no. 002, pp. 66-67, 2016. 4. Lu Ruiyun. On the Security Control Strategy of Financial Informationization in the New Era. Journal of Shijiazhuang Railway Vocational and Technical College, 016, no. 004, pp. 73-75, 2017. 5. Zhao Hai, Chen Fang. Research and Practice of Electronic Payment Information Security Management System. Information Security Research, vol. 005, no. 006, pp. 534-541, 2019. 6. Hu Di. Research on financial innovation and wealth management in the context of internet finance. Chi Zi, vol. 000, no. 030, pp. 66, 2018. 7. Zhu Jianming, Wang Xiuli, Lin Zheng, et al. Information security 4-3-3 multidimensional teaching system for the cultivation of innovative talents in financial management. Education Teaching Forum, vol.234, no. 48, pp. 92-93, 2015. 8. Chen Li. Internet finance needs more attention to information security. New Financial World, vol. 000, no. 012, pp. P.44-44, 2015. 9. Li Jian. Information Security Management of Internet Finance of Finance Companies. Financial Economy (Theoretical Edition), vol. 000, no. 007, pp. 139-140, 201610. M. Mustapha, S. J. Lai et al., “Information technology in audit processes: An empirical evidence from malaysian audit firms,” International Review of Management and Marketing, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 53–59, 2017.11. K. Roundy, M. Dell’Amico, C. Gates, M. Hart, and S. Miskovic, “Systems and methods for providing integrated security management,” Mar. 26 2019, uS Patent App. 10/242,187.2

Executive Summary and IntroductionThe retail industry is undergoing fundamental change as it relates to business operations. Advances in technology, product offerings, logistics, and data have all creating significant headwinds for incumbent retail players. From a technology perspective, the internet has provided consumers with much more pricing power then in prior business cycles. Consumers have many more options to cater to their demands. As such retailers have lost significant pricing power as it relates to product offerings. The advancement of technology has all be eliminated information asymmetry which allowed retailers to prosper for so long. In addition, as more competitors enter the market, they are no longer restricted by geographic and logistic boundaries (Agrawal, 2009).Changing consumer shopping habits have also created large shifts in how products and services are delivered to consumers. Customers are now willing and much accepting of online orders. Advances in logistics have allowed companies such as amazon…...

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References: 1. Agrawal N, Smith SA (2009a). Mulit-location inventory models for retail supply chain management. In: Agrawal N, Smith SA (ed) Retail supply chain management. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science. Springer, Boston, MA Berman, Barry (2013) Retail Management?: a strategic approach. International ed of 12th revised ed. Harlow: Pearson/Education.2. Dawson, J. (2000) ‘Retailing at century end: some challenges for management and research’, The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 10(2), pp. 119–148. doi: 10.1080/0959396003423253. Groothedde B, Rujigrok C, Tavasszy L (2005) Towards collaborative, intermodal hub networks: A case study in the fast moving consumer goods market. Transport Res Part E 41(6):567–5834. Reynolds, J. (2000) ‘eCommerce: a critical review’, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 28(10), pp. 417–444. doi: 10.1108/09590550010349253.5. Varley, Rosemary (2003) Principles of Retail Management. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.2

The exponential growth of the Internet has also served as the catalyst for the growth of highly collaborative, interactive forums and platforms on which Delphi-like brainstorming can be accomplished (Decker, Wagner, Scholz, 2005). Conversely many of the external relationships companies have and that are essential to understanding how the strategic planning process will impact an organization lend themselves to quantification. An example of this level of quantification of external factors is the use of frameworks for evaluating the performance of supply chains over time, a process area that can be highly quantified through the use of maturity models and measurements of performance over time (Gilmour, 1999). Both of these extremes, qualitative data analysis through the use of techniques including writing of scenarios, brainstorming and the Delphi technique to the extremely quantitative, both require organizations to have a fairly high level of interprocess maturity and development to be able to…...

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References

Josh Bernoff, Charlene Li. (2008). Harnessing the Power of the Oh-So-Social Web. MIT Sloan Management Review, 49(3), 36-42.

Reinhold Decker, Ralf Wagner, Soren W. Scholz. (2005). An internet-based approach to environmental scanning in marketing planning. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 23(2/3), 189-199.

Qi Fei, David L. Olson. (2007). Web services composition strategy in enterprise systems. Human Systems Management, 26(1), 53.

B. Johansson, F. Sudzina. (2008). ERP systems and open source: an initial review and some implications for SMEs. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 21(6), 649-658.

Business Dispute
The nature of disputes in business is varied and in some instances they come because of the wrong performance of people. Let us take the case of Mr. Coughlin who retired from Wal-Mart in January finally gave his resignation from the board of directors on March 25th. According to Wal-Mart there was a pattern of expenses account abuses by him, as also the use of incorrect invoices for getting reimbursement of expenses. This action has been accompanied by the sacking of a few other employees also. The investigation into the matter is being carried by the U.S. attorney for the Western District of Arkansas. The matter is also being investigated by Wall Street Journal and they feel that Mr. Coughlin often forced his subordinates to create false bills so that he could get payments for his personal expenses from Wall-Mart. He is now 55 years old and this mode…...

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References

Bandler, James; Zimmerman, Ann. (8 April, 2005) "A Wal-Mart Legend's Trail of Deceit." Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from Accessed on 23 May, 2005http://www.mindfully.org/Industry/2005/Wal-Mart-Coughlin8apr05.htm

Franke, Diane. "5 tips for better business cases." (Sept. 20, 2004) Retrieved from   Wal-Mart 2002 Accessed on 23 May, 2005http://www.fcw.com/fcw/articles/2004/0920/pol-5tipsbiz-09-20-04.asp 

Fishman, Charles. (December, 2003) "The Wal-Mart You Don't Know." Retrieved from   Accessed on 23 May, 2005http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/77/walmart.html 

"Wal-Mart Loses Unpaid Overtime Case." (20 December, 2002) Retrieved from   Accessed on 23 May, 2005http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/12/20/national/main533818.shtml