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What is Journal?

A journal, in academic contexts, refers to a peer-reviewed publication in which researchers present original studies, reviews, and analyses across virtually every field of inquiry. Students encounter journal articles in courses ranging from nursing and public health to ethics, education, history, and social sciences. Working with journals teaches critical reading skills, because published research demands that readers evaluate methodology, assess the credibility of findings, and understand how authors position their arguments within broader scholarly conversations. The ability to locate, interpret, and respond to journal sources is foundational to undergraduate and graduate academic work.

The papers collected here reflect a wide range of approaches to engaging with journal sources. Many take a review or synthesis format, summarizing findings and implications from multiple articles on topics such as bilingual education, high school dropout rates among Native Americans, father absence and adolescent drug use, and oral health. Others focus on a single article or study, analyzing how researchers frame their data and what their conclusions support. Some papers extend into annotated bibliography form, evaluating sources on subjects like race, class, gender, and ethical issues in business management, while others connect journal research to professional practice contexts such as nursing or school counseling.

A strong essay engaging with journal literature requires a focused thesis that moves beyond summary toward analysis or argument — explaining not just what researchers found, but why those findings matter or where they fall short. Evidence drawn directly from the article's data, methodology, and stated implications carries the most weight. The most common pitfall is treating a journal article as simply true rather than as a constructed argument subject to scrutiny.

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Paper Doctorate
Leadership style practices and their impact on organizational success
It is often said a manager is what one does, and a leader is who one is. Leadership theorists, experts and practitioners agree that leadership, especially the turbulent 21rst century, is more driven by unanticipated change that strict, formal execution. Leaders who are effective today have the ability to keep their organizations agile, goal-focused and moving forward to attaining challenging objectives despite formidable obstacles and uncertainty. Transformational leaders in the 21rst century nurture and foster creativity and a high level of autonomy, mastery and purpose on the part of their teams (Cheung, Wong, 2011). The growing reliance on virtual teams and the need for creating and sustaining trust within them, transformational leaders are called upon to do more than just accomplish tasks, they are expected to lead entire teams beyond their current levels of performance to higher levels of achievement (Andressen, Konradt, Neck, 2012). The combining forces of greater economic pressure on organizations and the need for greater accuracy and speed in new product development is leading many organizations to create virtual teams that are thinly staffed with highly qualified professions, with many having over a decade of experience in their own fields (Andressen, Konradt, Neck, 2012). The role of the transformational leader has also changed markedly in the 21rst century as well. Now, leaders are expected to maintain teams at high performance levels while also ensuring they stay agile enough to respond to market fluctuations and changes in direction of their firms. To attain this level of agility, the best transformational leaders infuse a very high level of autonomy, mastery and purpose into their organizations, creating a culture of self-driven motivation and long-term learning (Cheok, Eleanor, OHiggins, 2012). It takes a transformational leader to be able to attain this very high level of performance however, a manager acting in an authoritarian or even transactional leadership style will not be able to accomplish this. The prerequisites and foundational elements of a transformational leader enable and accentuate a very high degree of autonomy, mastery and purpose. These foundational elements of transformational leadership have been proven through decades of research and empirical study, and have been underscored in importance due to the pace of severity of change occurring in the 21rst century with teams and what they are expected to accomplish.
Paper Doctorate
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Is a Legal
This paper provides an overview of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). It reviews a documentary based on the current environmental and political situation in the Delta region of Nigeria. The paper examines the activities that the oil companies engage in and their relationship with the local inhabitants. The paper review literature addressing the Niger Delta situation and offers recommendations on the path to CSR.
Paper Doctorate
Long-Term Care Settings, Ranging From Legal Issues
¶ … long-term care settings, ranging from legal issues typical of any care setting such as malpractice suits, accusations of negligence, licensing procedures and/or violations, etc., to issues that are more specific to…
Essay Doctorate
High School Students Are Receiving Poor Education
Many studies show that high school students are receiving poor education as regards financial literacy (e.g. NAEP, 1979). Mandell (1997), for instance, reports that high school students have an average score of 57% in terms of money management, savings and investment, spending and other areas of income. HS graduates, in other words, have weak financial literacy. Adults also, generally, are almost totally illiterate regarding retirement and investment decision-making. A study of 552 adult females found that 56% were ignorant about the fundamentals of investing (Chen & Volpe, 1998). What this study seeks to investigate is whether college students would have a better grasp of financial literacy than high school graduates have and whether this improved financial literacy is a result of their college experiences.
Paper Doctorate
The Shahnameh's influence on Turkish and Ottoman literature
This paper compares the Shahnameh with Turkish literature and classical Ottoman poetry. The main focus is on the oral versus written literary traditions. Another topic that is covered is the types of people who are depicted, and the many different influences that the Shahnameh has had on literature from Turkey.
Research Paper Doctorate
11th of September 2001 Two
¶ … 11th of September 2001 two planes crashed into the World Trade Center. The event was termed as 'day of reckoning' (CNN World News online news, Sept 2001). Never did the people of America realize that they'll be…
Research Paper Doctorate
Senior Isolation Today, Senior Citizens
Today, senior citizens typically live alone and often find themselves isolated from family and the community. Isolation may be caused by the death of a spouse or by the death of close friends and family members.
Paper Undergraduate
Ecommerce and Organizational Learning Improving
Making the most of e-commerce platforms and technologies in the context of an online university needs to include strategies for increasing operational performance across the courses offered to helping students attain the educational goals they are enrolled to achieve. From the strategic aspects of integrating e-commerce platforms into each departments' information systems, to the support for the many suppliers an online university relies on an e-commerce platform just have the ability to support a wide variation in business models and processes. The value of e-commerce platforms and technologies is in unifying diverse business models and making them more centered on and responsive to customers' needs (Chung-Shing, 2001). The greater the integration and cohesive experience delivered by an e-commerce system the greater the level of trust customers have in the services promised and products sold (Beatty, Reay, Dick, Miller, 2011). For an online university, all of these factors are critical to its success, from the back-office integration to the student experience online, and the inclusion of services to support both students and faculty. The intent of this analysis is to define strategies for improving both individual and organizational learning by using e-commerce. The ability to tailor individualized learning programs to students, a technique called scaffolding, is enabled with the latest generation of e-commerce technologies (Najjar, 2008). Combining e-commerce and e-learning shows significant potential in this area as well.
Paper Doctorate
Ritalin: An Unacceptable Choice While
While some researchers believe the drug to be a safe, effective treatment for ADHD, the prescribing of the drug to an untested population, the addictive nature of the drug, the potential for abuse in young children, and…
Research Paper Doctorate
Systems Thinking Is a Way
Systems Thinking is a way of analyzing how a company works in considerable depth. It looks at individuals, subgroups within the company such as departments, and the ways individuals and departments interact with each…