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What is Journal?

A journal, in academic contexts, refers to a peer-reviewed publication in which researchers present original studies, reviews, and analyses across virtually every field of inquiry. Students encounter journal articles in courses ranging from nursing and public health to ethics, education, history, and social sciences. Working with journals teaches critical reading skills, because published research demands that readers evaluate methodology, assess the credibility of findings, and understand how authors position their arguments within broader scholarly conversations. The ability to locate, interpret, and respond to journal sources is foundational to undergraduate and graduate academic work.

The papers collected here reflect a wide range of approaches to engaging with journal sources. Many take a review or synthesis format, summarizing findings and implications from multiple articles on topics such as bilingual education, high school dropout rates among Native Americans, father absence and adolescent drug use, and oral health. Others focus on a single article or study, analyzing how researchers frame their data and what their conclusions support. Some papers extend into annotated bibliography form, evaluating sources on subjects like race, class, gender, and ethical issues in business management, while others connect journal research to professional practice contexts such as nursing or school counseling.

A strong essay engaging with journal literature requires a focused thesis that moves beyond summary toward analysis or argument — explaining not just what researchers found, but why those findings matter or where they fall short. Evidence drawn directly from the article's data, methodology, and stated implications carries the most weight. The most common pitfall is treating a journal article as simply true rather than as a constructed argument subject to scrutiny.

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Paper Undergraduate
Diversity During the Last Decade
During the last decade (or two) the American workforce has become much more politically correct than it was during the late 20th century. Citizens have also become more sensitive to advertising, marketing or societal…
Paper Doctorate
Spectacle of Musical Theatre
Musical theatre has existed in some form for centuries. Theatre is an art form that allows many emotions to be expressed through acting and music. While talented performers are most responsible for being characters to…
Paper Doctorate
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for OCD
OCD & Cognitive Therapy (CT)/Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP)
Research Paper Undergraduate
Omid\'s Story the Power of Family Centered Care
This paper discusses the FCC or family-centered care of patients. This is a treatment method wherein the family is encouraged to participate in decision-making for their children. It has been proven that the more family members are involved in a patient's care, the higher the quality of care that the patient will receive, and the more likely they are to recover.
Essay Doctorate
The role of luck in business success: an entrepreneur case study
Bill Gates is an alpha-pack leader entrepreneur for the ages. He is certainly not the only major leader of his time or of United States history, but the mark he has left on the industry and on the country is immeasurable. This report also includes introspection and a summary of lessons learned both during and before this report was assembled.
Paper Undergraduate
Marketing Plan for a Home-Based Desktop Publishing Business
Marketing Strategy for KitKat Desktop Publishing
Essay Doctorate
V codes as supplemental diagnostic classifications in cancer chemotherapy
V codes are provided as supplemental categories under the ICD-9-CM classification system (Ingenix Staff, 2010). They are intended to be used for situations when the patient seeks care for something other than a disease…
Essay Doctorate
Security Monitoring Strategies Creating a Unified, Enterprise-Wide
For an enterprise-wide security management strategy to be successful, the monitoring systems and processes must seek to accomplish three key strategic tasks. These tasks include improving situational awareness, proactive risk management and robust crisis and security incident management (Gellis, 2004). With these three objectives as the basis of the security monitoring strategies and recommended courses of action, an organization will be able to withstand security threats and interruptions while attaining its objectives. Beginning with the internal systems including Accounts Payable, Accounts Receivable, Inventory, General Ledger, and Human Resources, monitoring needs to be designed to capture strategic threats at the operating system and application level to be effective (Nagaratnam, Nadalin, Hondo, McIntosh, Austel, 2005). Each of the applications in these areas of enterprise software is designed to be used in the context of user's roles and information needs. Restricting access to sensitive information by role as defined in these applications is critical to the monitoring of resources and their effectiveness in delivering value to the organization (Gordon, Loeb, Tseng, 2009). Creating a governance framework hat can provide for enough role-based flexibility while monitoring overall performance is critical for an organization to keep accomplishing its goals while also staying secure (Khoo, Harris, Hartman, 2010). Often the many internal systems of a business are integrated into a common enterprise-wide information platform. Many organizations use Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system to unify these many systems into a single system of record to make security management and monitoring more cost-effective (Gellis, 2004). For the many internal IT systems that require IT monitoring, integrating them into a common system of record is also critical as it allows for auditing of cross-system and intra-system transactions. Too often organizations fail in their security monitoring strategies by allowing silos of systems to dominate their overall IT architecture (Nagaratnam, Nadalin, Hondo, McIntosh, Austel, 2005). By applying security monitoring at both the strategic IT level including the system of record and at the role-based access level of each application, organizations can attain a 360-degree level of system monitoring compliance and threat assessment. Having an integrated system security structure also allows for more effective risk management strategies including the ability to isolate and act on security incidents more effectively than siloed systems allow for. Each of the mission-critical systems within a business, encompassing Accounts Payable, Accounts Receivable, Inventory, General Ledger, and Human Resources rely on integration with systems and processes external to the company as well. Integrating to systems outside the organization also present risks to the entire organization as well. These external integration links, whether automated through the use of advanced system technologies or defined through the use of logins and passwords, must be monitoring and audited as well (Gellis, 2004). The risks and need for security are amplified by the use of Internet-based marketing, sales and e-commerce systems (Kesh, Ramanujan, Nerur, 2002). Monitoring of these applications is more challenging as they are open to the public. The first area of monitoring is on security authentication and attempts to break into sales, marketing and e-commerce systems through the use of password generation or cross-scripting attacks (Thompson, 2004). E-Commerce systems are increasingly relying on mobile platforms and support for smartphones running the Apple iOS and Google Android operating systems, both of which can be successfully broken into by hackers (Ghosh, Swaminatha, 2001). The monitoring of Internet-based customer facing systems including e-commerce need to be tracked at the transaction, application, and customer profile privacy levels to be effective (Desai, Richards, Desai, 2003). All of these factors need to be taken into account within a broader network monitoring strategy of inbound Internet traffic in an attempt to find patterns of intrusions that are most likely to occur (Hong, Park, Young-Min, Park, 2001)
Essay Doctorate
Hygiene Proposal World Health Organization, (2007) Estimates
Objective of this project is to develop the implementation plan to carry out the hand hygiene policy within the hospital setting to reduce the incidence of health care-associated infections. The proposal will implement the sensitization of healthcare providers towards adherence of new policy. Successful hand hygiene policy will be achieved through the implementation of multiple actions to address the behavioral barriers.
Paper Doctorate
Term paper proposal on textbook subject matter and research plans
Drug and substance abuse is one of the most serious dilemmas in the world today. One aspect of the issue is the growing number of teenage drug users and the increasing incidents of prescription drug abuse. According to the statistics of the National Institute on Drug Abuse prescription drugs misuse is far greater than the abuse of narcotics. Among teenagers alone, accepted cases of drug use increased from 27 to 30 percent in a year between 2001 and 2002. The actual number is also reported to have increased by one percent (The Evening Standard 2004) but prescription drug abuse is rated higher then narcotics abuse. As in 2010 prescription drugs intake stood at 2.4 million one third of which were users between 12 and 17 years of age (National Institute on Drug Abuse, n.d.).