Market Structures Essays (Examples)

Market Structures There Are Two Main Market

Market Structures

There are two main market structures in the market known as monopolistic competition as well as oligopoly. They fall between the extreme of real competition and pure monopoly. The two structures are vital because they provide descriptions of companies and industries that are found worldwide. The market structures differ as each one has different characteristics associated with either monopoly or oligopoly.

Oligopoly Market Structure

The first characteristic associated with oligopoly is there that there are a few, large companies that dominate the market. Another element is the production of identical commodities that are similar as well as significant obstacles to entry. The market structure is associated with interdependence of decisions regarding production within the market. Such a market where a small number of companies control the supply to a whole market (Papandreou 1999).Each company produces a similar product. The market structure does not only rely on the larger…… [Read More]

Market Structures A Memo Point

Point C:

Based on personal experience, one additional strategy and variation on the other given strategies is to examine the growth in Real GDP. When the GDP increases, a firm is likely to have enough extra capacity to increase production and sales and launch new products. Or, it can control its production and bide its time when the economy is in a recession.

In this case, during a period of overall economic expansion in the home country, a new advertising campaign that launches a new product that brands the product with a new image against the competitors, combined with a tie-in to the older product line, is one way to create a lasting inroad into the existing domestic market. Exploring possible international opportunities during a domestic recession, where inventory can be exported rather than sold domestically at a lesser price (tainting the image and driving prices down) is another key…… [Read More]

Market Structure Simulation Table and

ith respect to its operations, Verizon ireless is unparalleled. Indeed, it "is one of the strongest competitors due to the foundation of its large nationwide service area and strong customer base. ith two quarters of 1.9 million net additions, it has set the bar for competitors to reach." (B, 1)

This is based on a convergence of extremely visible advertising tactics via television, radio, billboard and sponsorship with a service quality that is unmatched. Boasting and demonstrating a wireless network which shows limited gaps in service reliability if any, Verizon is shown to be particularly competent in the area of wireless service quality. This is its most distinctive competency, with the fewest dropped calls recorded by its customer base and the most expansive calling area in the business.

Analyze how organizations in each market structure maximize profits.

As part of an oligopoly, Verizon possesses this distinction and is simultaneously part…… [Read More]

Market Structures Market Structure Is Described as

Market Structures:

Market structure is described as the institutional or organizational attributes and characteristics of a market. In most cases, the market structures mainly focus on the characteristics that impact the nature of pricing and competition through it's not important to major simply on the market share of the existing companies in a particular industry. Some of the most common market features include the number of companies, the nature of costs, market share of the largest companies, the vertical integration of the industry, product differentiation, customers' turnover, and the structures of buyers within the industry. Markets are usually divided or classified based on the composition of business and what it offers to the specific market. In contrast, the composition of the business is determined by the structure of market characteristics, which helps in determining the area and level of competition. The structured variables or characteristics are categorized as perfectly competitive,…… [Read More]

Market Structures Table Compare the Four Market

Market Structures Table

Compare the four market structures by filling in the table.

Perfect competition

Monopoly

Monopolistic competition

Oligopoly

Example organization

Hair Shampoo Companies

Saudi Arabian Oil

Cereal companies

Cell phone companies

Goods or services produced by the organization

Hair products

Oil and gas

Breakfast cereals and comparable products

Cell phones

Barriers to entry

Chemistry knowledge

aw materials few

Technology

Number of organizations

Many

Few

Few

Few

Price elasticity of demand

Is there a presence of economic profits?

yes yes

Based on the details available to you in the strategic plan, marketing overview, market surveys, and other material, how does the organization compete in the marketplace? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the firm as indicated by the marketing surveys completed by their customers?

Kudler is a company which is strongly devoted to pleasing their customers. The company constantly pushes itself to engage in the highest level of though…… [Read More]

Market Structures Principles of Microeconomics Eco 365 Principles

Market Structures

Principles of Microeconomics

ECO/365 Principles Microeconomics

Differentiating Between Market Structures

Cadillac Automotive

Cadillac Automotive is a U.S. based automobile manufacturer that manufactures luxury vehicles. The company is owned by General Motors. Cadillac originally used to make carriages. The company sells in more than three dozen countries with its major operations centered in North America. It is regarded as the second oldest automobile manufacturer in U.S. after GM marque Buick. The industry Cadillac operates in is highly lucrative and money making (SWOT analysis of General Motors, 2013). The luxury cars do not make money by mass production rather by selling on premium prices. Here is the analysis of industry Cadillac serves in and a discussion of its market structure (Automotive Strategy, Planning & Analysis: IHS Automotive, 2013).

Market Structures

The market structure tells the way business is done in an industry. The market structure can be of four basic…… [Read More]

Differentiating Between Market Structures

Market Structures

Simulation Table

Perfect Competition

Monopoly

Monopolistic Competition

Oligopoly

Open Source Software

Microsoft

Apple

Health Care Insurance

Goods/services

Linux (O/S)

Operating System

O/S, Devices

Insurance

Barriers to Entry

Medium

Number of Organizations

Few

Few

Medium

Few

Price Elasticity

Limited

Medium

Economic Profit

Limited

Apple Inc. -- Market Structure

There are different perspectives in which to view Apple's market structure since they operate in so many different markets. One perspective could be from an internal approach, in which the organization could be perceived as somewhat monopolistic since their hardware and software is "closed" sourced. Apple protects its proprietary hardware and software and does not willingly provide their source code to unapproved developers. Therefore, it could be said that Apple has monopoly control over the goods, services, and software that will work with its products. This allows the organization to charge a considerable premium for many of its products; especially the…… [Read More]

Regulation and Market Structures Industrial or Economic

egulation and Market Structures

Industrial or economic regulation can be defined as an act of government or a governmental body to regulate an industry in its entirety. Commonly the most regulates sectors include, the airline industry, banking sector, rail and road, and television broadcasting. The main aim of taking such regulatory measures is for the agency to take closer look (to monitor) on the industries' price and products to ensure that such industries do not start a monopoly and take advantage of consumers, unfortunately such regulatory bodies at times have been prone to working close they with those industries they are purportedly regulating, they in the long run end up working for the industry and legally raise prices, prevent completion and consumers in the end suffer.

Social regulation on the other hand includes those regulations associated with the environmental control, healthy and safety regulations, restrictions on labeling and advertising. There…… [Read More]

Kudler Option Differentiating Between Market Structures Table

KUDLER

Option

Differentiating Between Market Structures Table

Compare the four market structures by filling in the table.

Perfect competition

Monopoly

Monopolistic competition

Oligopoly

Example organization

Grocery stores

Utility companies

Cable companies

Automobile companies

Goods or services produced by the organization

Indistinguishable from others unique

Very unique

Fairly unique

Barriers to entry nonexistent

Virtually insurmountable high

Relatively high

Number of organizations many few

A small group

Price elasticity of demand

Highly elastic none

Relatively inelastic

Relatively inelastic

Is there a presence of economic profits?

negligible yes yes

Kudler Fine Foods Virtual Organization:

The firm's strategic plan and marketing overview

Kudler Fine Foods is a purveyor of fine, gourmet and all-natural foods. It has a relatively small array of stores in the state of California. All stores offer products to customers that desire something out of the ordinary in their food selections. Kudler stocks wines, cheeses, and specialty items as well as…… [Read More]

ISP Market Changing Market Structures and Competitive

ISP Market

Changing market Structures and Competitive Forces in the Internet Service Provider (ISP) Industry

The Internet went from being practically unheard of in the 1980s and early 1990s to being accessible in most of the homes and even on the phones of many people in the developed world just twenty years later. During that period of time, the industry of providing this access to consumers, the Internet Service Provider or ISP industry, has gone through many significant market changes. As the ISP market and industry has changed structure, there have been practical and financial effects on consumers as well as on the ISP companies and other related businesses, and indeed it is hard to imagine an industry with more significant volatility in the past two decades. The following pages will explore this volatility -- both the specific market changes and their impact -- as a means of exploring the…… [Read More]

Market Structure of Subway Sandwiches at the

Market Structure of Subway Sandwiches

At the national level, Subway operates in a nearly perfectly competitive market: there are a number of franchise competitors (Blimpee, Quiznos), regional chains, and independent establishments, and supermarkets Market barriers are reasonably low (a food truck can offer sandwiches and compete with a local Subway), consumers have a high degree of buying power (there is a low commitment level when buying a sandwich) and there are many available substitute goods. However, in some areas, competition may be less 'perfect' depending on the availability of other establishments where people on a quick lunch break can eat. Although there still may be many possible options, such as bringing lunch, the location and lack of competitors can make it easier for a Subway to thrive within a certain area.

Q2. What type of competition does your firm face? Who are some competitors? (Even if you said your firm…… [Read More]

Market Structure and Pricing Strategies

market structures in detail and analyses the pricing strategies that the firms have to undertake when they operate in different regimes. The case study on Toyota is considered next, which indicates that firms competing in various structures does not only have to focus on price and quantity ceteris paribus, they also have to consider external and internal variables that have a bearing on these decisions.

Introduction to Market Structures

Market structures are important parts of economic theory as they model market behavior that can help economists explain activities in industry with ease. Market structures, hence are basically models that define market behavior with respect to certain criteria so that it becomes simpler to compare events in real life to the postulated scenario as described in theory in order to be able to determine casualties and to define optimal strategies that firms operating in different market structures can use.

There are…… [Read More]

Market Structure You Believe Wal-Mart

Mergers can also help at least come domestic companies become competitive with international ones. Mergers potentially free up increased money for research and development.

Yes, it is possible for mergers to be beneficial overall. There is no blanket yes or no judgement that applies to whether or not mergers are beneficial. They are generally beneficial if the above conditions are met along with the following conditions: There remains sufficient competition that the newly formed company cannot enforce monopolistic conditions and that there remains freedom of entry into the market sector for new firms.

3. Why are competitive markets considered more efficient than monopolistic markets? Give economic reasons. Give a real-live example of a market that tends to be competitive and one that tends to be monopolistic. Describe characteristics that support your classification. Is there evidence of efficiency or inefficiency in either of the markets you describe?

Competitive markets are considered…… [Read More]

market'structure and economics

Elasticities & Market Structure

There are many different factors to consider when making strategic decision such as the one that Autoedge currently faces. The board of directors needs to consider many different implications that might occur if the company decides to relocate its manufacturing to the United States. If the company manufactures its products domestically, then one possible implication might be that this could add value in terms of consumer perceptions. Although it seems that the "Made in the USA" brand maybe a secondary consideration for many consumers, there is some evidence that it does actually add substantial value to products and services. For example, one study found that (Schurenberg, 2012):

"In a study of consumer perceptions of clothing made in the United States vs. that made in China, Jung Ha-Brookshire, an assistant professor at the University of Missouri, found that when offered a choice between a shirt made in…… [Read More]

Managerial Decision Making and Market Structure

Market Structure and Managerial Decision Making

The objective of this paper is to discuss the concept game theory in the competitive market environment where there are two or more firms competing against one another. The paper cites the examples of Nash equilibrium, prisoner dilemma, and dominant strategy. Moreover, the paper discusses the theory of perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic market and theory of oligopoly. (Bhat, and au, 2008).

Game Theory

The game theory is a type of situation where the rewards or payoff given to any player depends on the action of the other players. The interdependence between two or more firms is referred as a game theory, and the rewards earned by a firm is known as a payoff, and the payoff matrix assists in analyzing the interdependence between firms. A duopoly is an interdependence between two players that may result in a game theory. However, a relationship between two…… [Read More]

Nordstrom Market Structure the Market Structure of

Nordstrom

Market Structure

The market structure of the retail industry is that of monopolistic competition. As its name suggests, monopolistic competition is an environment composed of a large number of firms each with a portion of the market. The firms in this type of market structure have similar products but they are differentiated in some way. Nordstrom's for example has private brands that only Nordstrom's can carry. These brands include Hotel Collection sheets, Martha Stewart cookware, Psycho Bunny for men, INC brand clothes for women, and much more. Even though these product offerings may be similar to competitors in regards to color or value proposition, they are differentiated by the fact they are only offered at Nordstrom's locations. Furthermore, there are many firms competing within the retail environment. For example, Nordstrom's must compete with JC Penny, Target, Wal-Mart, Dillard's, Sears, internet stores, and many other outlets. All of these competitors…… [Read More]

Lacoste Market Structure of Lacoste Inc Market

Lacoste

Market structure of Lacoste INC.

Market structure

According to Michael Porter's Five Forces analysis, five external pressures shape the apparel market of which Lacoste is a part. Lacoste is a high-end sports clothing manufacturer, famous for its pocket 'crocodile' logo. However, despite the durability of the brand, Lacoste faces a number of challenges. The bargaining power of suppliers, the bargaining power of consumers, the threat of substitutes, barriers to entry, and degree or rivalry between competitors can all impact the high-end clothing market (Michael Porter's five forces analysis, 2011, Quick MBA)

Effect of new companies entering the market

Within the high-end sports clothing market, barriers to entry are moderate. It takes a tremendous degree of organizational might to achieve the status of Lacoste, and the company is large enough to operate on economies of scale. However, smaller, more 'boutique'-oriented firms can also produce high-end sports clothing for customers within…… [Read More]

Mcdonald's Market Structure Mcdonald's 2010 Is One

McDonald's Market Structure

McDonald's (2010) is one of the most recognizable brands around the world. It is the world's largest food chain and has more than 32,000 locations in more than 110 countries. Operating it's own brand, McDonald's franchises its brand to local business people; approximately 70% of McDonald's restaurants are franchised. As of 2009, 80% of McDonald's restaurants were franchised business with the remaining 20% being were company-operated. McDonald's serves more than 47 million customers on a daily basis and employs upwards of 1.5 million people. The chain has adapted to cultural regions and offers items such as the Teriyaki Mac in Japan, substitutes lamb for beef in India, and offers variants of the Filet-O-Fish in China ("Fast Food Market Share," 2011).

McDonald's functions as an oligopoly in the burger themed fast food franchise industry. An oligopoly occurs when few firms dominate the market. For example, in the Spanish…… [Read More]

Generic Strategies for Consolidation and an Explanation of Market Structure

Marketing

Consolidation Strategies and Market Structure

Consolidation

Business may need to adopt a strategy of consolidation. he financial pressures in healthcare organizations have been noted as increasing the occurrence of consolidation (Goldstein, 2012). here are different consolidations strategies available, the choice of strategy should depend in the firms own situation and the general macro-environmental conditions as well as opportunities that exist. Berkowitz (2010) outlines four potential strategies; divestment, pruning, retrenchment, and harvesting. Each may be considered individually.

Divestment occurs where a business unit or product line is sold. A firm may decide that a particular business unit or product is not profitable, or does not add sufficient value. If the division or product range is profitable, it may be perceived as having a high opportunity cost; investment in one business/product may be tying up capital that may be used elsewhere (Morris, Devlin, Parkin, & Spencer, 2012). If a division is…… [Read More]

Economic Analysis of Supply and Market Structure of Healthcare Industry

Product or Service Supplied
The product supplied to patients is generic pharmaceuticals. “A generic drug is a pharmaceutical drug which is equivalent to a brand-name product in dosage, route of administration, strength, quality, Kinetics, and its intended use. It may also refer to any drug which is marketed under its chemical name without advertising” (Moin, 2016). The importance to the customer is an issue of affordability: the patient has to incur fewer out of pocket expenses in order to pay for crucial prescriptions in order to fulfill the needs of their chronic diseases or conditions. Generic drugs are essentially the ones that are comparable to their brand-name twins. “They are comparable in terms of the dosage, effectiveness, and intended use. Generics are important because they are essentially a less-expensive alternative to their brand-name counterparts. This, of course, is expected to be important to those who are ultimately picking up the tab, governments,…… [Read More]

Market Model Patterns of Change Market Model

Market Model Patterns of Change

Market Model Pattern of Change

The market model industry I research on is the rental movie industry, which the Blockbuster video was the dominant product. This industry has undergone through gigantic market change over many years. Hollywood video is the national competitor; however, they often compete with the local and regional movie rental industries. The use of the new technology has significantly led to the competition among different companies. The market model pattern of change shows that the industry has competitors or not, also, the costs in the company.

Explain the industry and outline the overall wave of change of the specific market structure

The Blockbuster video once dominated the movie rental industry; this has changed enormously due to the competition in the entertainment market. The evolution of the new technology has led to multiple competitions and has changed the consumers' purchase of the rental…… [Read More]

Market Model Patterns of Change

Over the last few years, the government has exerted more control on the insurance industry by controlling premium rates meaning the industry has become less competitive on pricing. In addition to this, through Obamacare, the government has set requirements for healthcare insurers which have significantly reduced their medical loss ratio Dinan 396.

The second factor that affects the degree of competitiveness of the industry is the number of companies operating in the industry. This has been the major reason for the hundreds of mergers in the industry since this is the major driving factor for changes in market share. The last factor is government-provided health insurance. The government provides insurance plans which create significant competition for the private companies Vanness and olfe 101()

The productivity measures that can be developed are the number of health insurance consumers, average cost of providing medical cover and price of health insurance premiums. The…… [Read More]

Market Leadership Report Final Project

Office Depot started its operation five years after Staples. The company has aligned its business strategy to target increasing its market share through business policies similar to those undertaken by Staples Inc. The company is locally owned and faces difficulties in capital expansion to be able to roll more distribution outlets similar to Staples. This has incapacitated the company in acquiring economic of scale in operation. The company currently controls 27% of the total market shares in regions where Staples operates. Office Max is a foreign company that has been in operation for the last 8 years. The company traces its roots in Australia where it controls the largest proportion of office paper supply. In the region, the company has captured 8% of the market share in distributing paper products majorly. The company targets to acquire the market for paper distribution this being where the larger proportion of stationary demand…… [Read More]

Market Model Patterns of Change Sir Madam Answers

Market Model Patterns of Change

Sir/Madam, answers attachment page. But write a APA format, citing quotations a APA format. answers fits 3 pages.

The operating system software industry that was dominated by Microsoft was a monopoly till quite some years back when other players came into the market and disrupted the monopoly. These players include Linux with their various operating system software such as edhat and Ubuntu and Apple with their Macintosh operating system.

The general pattern of change in this particular market model was that of monopoly to oligopoly. There are several short-run and long-run behaviors in the monopoly and oligopoly market models. In monopoly, there is only one market player who has full control over the market. However, in oligopoly, there are several market players who hold different market shares depending on their marketing strategies, brand awareness, product specification, product diversification, etc. Soberman & Gatignon, 2005()

The short-run…… [Read More]

Market Consists of All Firms

Market power can exist when there are substantial barriers to entry into the indus-try. Expectations about incumbent reactions, incumbent advantages, and exit costs all can serve as entry barriers.

The extreme case of a firm with market power is monopoly, where the industry con-sists of only one firm. Here, industry and firm demand curves are one and the same. In contrast to competitive markets, consumers pay more than marginal cost and the firm earns economic profits. Output is restricted from competitive levels. With a monopoly, not all the potential gains from trade are exhausted.

Monopolistic competition is a hybrid between competition and monopoly. It is like mo-nopoly in that firms under both market structures face downward-sloping demand curves. Market power comes from differentiated products. Examples include the toothpaste, golf ball, tennis racket, and shampoo markets. The analyses of output and pricing policies are similar in the two cases. The difference…… [Read More]

Market Patterns One Industry That Has Shifted

Market Patterns

One industry that has shifted in the past few years in terms of its structure is the smartphone operating system market. A few years ago, most of the early smartphones were based around proprietary operating systems. Palm and Blackberry dominated the market. Apple joined the industry with the introduction of the iPhone, but more recently other firms have entered the market as well, including Google (Android), indows, Symbian and other systems. The market has moved from a stable oligopoly of four firms basically between two firms into a market that is much closer to monopolistic competition. However, there is the risk that as operating systems shake out, the market could return to an oligopoly of just three operating systems (est & Mace, 2007).

In the short-run, firms in this industry will seek to gain market share through differentiation. The products are slightly differentiated from each other -- they…… [Read More]

Market Model Changes the Medtech or Medical

Market Model Changes

The medtech, or medical technology, industry is a large and intensely competitive industry that produces highly innovative medical devices for hospitals and other healthcare facilities in the effort to save lives and improve health for patients (Research, 2012). It is spread across different segments including, cardiology, oncology, neuro, orthopedic, and aesthetic devices. It relies largely on aging baby boomers, high unmet medical needs, and increased incidence of lifestyle diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.

The industry is being challenged by pricing concerns, hospital admissions and procedural volume, uncertainty concerning healthcare reform, Medicare reimbursement issues as agencies are looking for cost reduction measures, and regulatory overhang. There is a rise in patients deferring treatment in elective procedures. "One factor aligning economic and clinical forces: in the U.S., the number of medical practices owned by hospitals grew from 25% in 2005 to 50% in 2008" (practice, 2011).…… [Read More]

Market Analysis of House of Fraser House

arket Analysis of House of Fraser

House of Fraser was founded in 1891 by James Arthur in Glasgow. Originally a drapery shop, the store quickly expanded and by the end of 1891, the entire Fraser family was investing in the company. At this point, the store was renamed to Frasers & Sons. Over time, the store expanded from selling draperies to selling clothing, shoes and other department store apparel.

The company has continued to grow through the purchase of smaller companies. In 2005, House of Fraser aquaired Jenner's department store and in 2006 it took over Baugur. In 2008, the company had three new openings in London, Belfast and Bristol. The company continues to grow and is a ripe competitor.

House of Fraser is ranked high in the market overall with its six major competitors being arks & Spencer, John Lewis, Harrods, Debenhams, Selfridges and Fenwick. John Lewis is by…… [Read More]

Structure Constrains Growth Bounded Rational

404). They found that complexity especially in hierarchical organizations strongly determines success of design choice outcomes, especially when endogenous adaptation in different modules delivers "local performance improvement" (Ethiraj and Levinthal, 2004, p. 404). This is based on H.A. Simon's 1962 model of organizations, products and technology as complex, evolving systems where some choices constrain decision-making in the lowest levels, and also "near-decomposability" (Ethiraj & Levinthal, 2004, p. 404), the argument that intermodular interaction becomes clustered over time between "isolated subsets of interactions" (Ethiraj & Levinthal, 2004, p. 404). Specific units interact more than others, i.e. partnering is not uniform across all departments.

Thus arise multiple, unique interactions within the complex firm that allows for complex evolution (Simon, 1962, ctd. In Ethiraj & Levinthal, 2004, p. 404). This becomes problematic to predict, as an empirical phenomenon that develops organically. Numerous researchers had described possible designs of various complexity, but choosing which…… [Read More]

Market Entry the Introduction of

com. In case of several companies, enhancing customer relationships is among the most capable features of e-commerce. However, whereas the Internet has presented the consent of a novel method to draw and communicate with the customer, hardly few enterprises have discovered a method to efficiently manage interactions with their customers on the Internet. (David, 2000)

The real skill is involved in making the device suitable to accomplishment of the business strategy and also makes profit persistently. (Howard, 1999) This makes McGrath and Heiens to describe the failures of Internet startups as a moot testimony that "the Internet is a tool, not a panacea" and that a "sound business strategy is always a prerequisite for success" Therefore, even though many successes have appeared to day on the Web in the online industry and in the digital forms in general still more are to be explored for accomplishing long-term goals of the…… [Read More]

Market Competition and Regulation the

Of course, this is a good thing for customers on short-term, but is negatively affects other companies on the market. This is because smaller competitors and especially those that intend to enter the market addressed by IBM find it at least difficult to provide product prices in accordance with those provided by IBM. These smaller companies do not have the ability of reducing their production or operating costs, which does not allow them to introduce competitive prices on the market. This way, they are clearly disfavored by IBM's position and market power.

In addition to this, in a field like it, it is imperative to make continuous investments into the research and development activity. This requires significant capital amounts from these companies. The investment levels that IBM reaches cannot be reached by many of these companies. This makes it difficult for these companies to keep up with IBM and its…… [Read More]

Market Analysis and Marketing for

For this type of customers, Diesel should create a special line of clothing items, different from the one for the primary target customers. For the primary target customers the central piece is the jeans. For the secondary target customers Diesel designers should combine jeans with other clothing items that are best suitable for 25-35 aged customers, that have good jobs and that are present in high social circles. For the secondary target customers the price should be significantly higher than the price for the primary target customers. The secondary target customers are trying to buy a certain status together with the clothing items they buy, so the higher the price of the clothes, the higher the status they are achieving. Other than this, the price should reflect the work invested in creating these clothing items, which require extra care for the secondary target customers.

As mentioned above, the communication strategy…… [Read More]

Market Potential and Forecast Analysis

The assumptions of industry structure and pricing are based on the market shares of the leading competitors in the motorcycle market including Harley-Davidson with 65% and Honda with 12.9%. There are over 40 different manufacturers of motorcycles globally who comprise the remaining 22% of the worldwide market (Murphy, 2008). Gaining distribution for a new motorcycle model will be challenging given the concentration level of competitors in the market. As motorcycles are considered discretionary purchases, they are influenced by the consumer sentiment index, the level of per capita disposable income, the downstream demand for motorcycle dealership and repair, and the available time consumers have for using them (Diamond, 2008). All of these factors are taken into account in the factoring of both the baseline motorcycle industry forecast and the hybrid motorcycle forecast as well.

Sales and Unit Forecasts

Using exponential smoothing and an average sale price of $9,100, the forecast for…… [Read More]

Market Failure and Public Policy

Government intervention can also extend to public goods that cause the private-decision rule to fail in terms of the efficiency rule.

According to Julianle Grand (1991, p. 426), externalities are the focus of market failure, in that they focus on a third party, otherwise uninvolved in the transaction, that is affected by production or consumption. Grand distinguishes between the benefits and costs to such third parties; where the former entails a positive effect to the third party and the latter a negative effect. Markets can then fail when a lower level of activity occurs in the market than is socially efficient, while an overprovision of activity with external costs will also result in greater activity than is efficient.

Grand also mentions increasing returns to scale (Grand, 1991, p. 427), which entails that the average production costs fall with the increase of the production scale. This could lead to market monopolization…… [Read More]

Market Efficient Respect Set Information Impossible Makes Abnormal Profits

Market Efficient espect Set Information Impossible Makes Abnormal Profits

Market Efficient

In his work, Fama argued that given the massive use of resources by the brokerage firm to conduct studies on trends in the industry, the effects of changes in interest rates on corporate balance sheets and expectations of managers and/or political analysts of the companies should be able to systematically beat a generic portfolio with the same risk characteristics.

Since, according to Fama, professional in every situation, the analyst has a fifty percent chance of beating the market; although its specific capabilities did not exist he would beat a lot of the market. The analyst did "help" the market to be efficient if all the investors, in fact, would hold portfolios composed of stock indices, would open up significant opportunities for professional traders to take advantage of the situation. But the movement of traders to that "new market" would…… [Read More]

Structure and Function of a Military Model

Structure and Function of a Military Model and the Sociological Aspect of the Military

The objective of this work is to describe and discuss the structure and function of one of the six military models and analyze the military as a social institution explaining the relationship impact of social institutions.

The military model that will be reviewed in this work in writing is the Institution/Occupation Model reported to be the model, proposed first in 1977 by Charles C. Moskos. This model involves the identification of "a set of polarized empirical indicators…ranging from an Institutional to an Occupational format of military organization." (Caforio, 2006) In the first proposal of Moskos, there are two "ideal types of armed forces & #8230;defined that can be considered mutually exclusive to some extent." (Caforio, 2006) The original proposal or Moskos was revised and such that made the provision of a "new interpretation that considered the…… [Read More]

Market Orientation and Healthcare Case

3. How the quality of service changed and why?

The quality of service increased significantly as all practices areas of the hospital better aligned to the cultural norms, values and needs of each ethnic population represented by the segments served. The quality also increased because the staff also began to better understand the unique needs of the patients being served, with more emphasis on interpersonal communication than had been the case in the past. This personalization aspect of leadership works both ways; the hospital staff had a much better appreciation and understanding of the unique needs of the population they were serving, and the potential patients and customers developed familiarity and trust with the providers. The next step for the hospital is to create a means to continually evaluate the level of satisfaction they are delivering to patients. The hospital could use the SEVQUAL metrics to evaluate the level of…… [Read More]

Market Opportunity Analysis Broadly Speaking

Access the organization's resources to actually deliver what it offers -- does the organization really have the resources, human or otherwise, to achieve this new idea?

5. Access technology -- is there market readiness of technology sufficient -- are technologies adaptive, or in place, that will allow this idea to flourish -- is it the right time?

6. Specify Opportunities in pragmatic and concrete terms- if launched, what are the actual benefits the organization would bring to the offering to achieve a win-win situation in the market?

7. Access opportunity attractiveness using as many resources available as possible -- in order to move forward, the company must assess the market's financial, technological, and competitive situations in a way that is realistic to the event (Stevens, 2006).

By doing this type of robust analysis, the organization is able to move from the ideation stage, through the client decision process as to…… [Read More]

Market Research at Kudler Foods

As the elasticity of demand for their products is flat Kudler could easily increase prices on new products and consumers would still buy them. They are missing out on a major opportunity to drive up profitability as a result.

Customer's Preferences for Selection and Unmet Wants

Large-scale retailers often rely on a framework of research to define the preferences and unmet wants or needs of customers by segment and audience (Thompson, Stanton, 2010). This framework impacts everything from the planograms used for laying out retail stores to the definition of pricing and discounting, including seasonal specials on given products (Thompson, Stanton, 2010). Kudler most likely does not have one of these for even the commercial chef market yet, and as a result is missing out on a very significant revenue opportunity. The use of these frameworks can greatly simplify supply chain coordination, store planning, and the development of store promotions.…… [Read More]

Market Failure Running Page Government

They see alternatives and their consequences as costlier and pay very little attention to them. Rationality exists less in public than in private organizations. A public agency's ends often compromise incompatible interests and neither occasionally nor accidentally. Conflict becomes inevitable and the end-system goes haywire. And the end-systems of public organizations are much more complex than those of private ones. The more complex, the harder to institute courses of action, the more results to evaluate, and the greater the chance to sacrifice some ends for other ends. It would be most helpful to find detailed case studies of organizations sharing a common concept so that they can be compared. From the comparison may develop a plan and rational choice (ranfield).

Planning in the Public Domain

Friedmann (1987) introduced the three concepts of rationality as market rationality, social rationality and a combination of these two. Market rationality derives from a philosophy…… [Read More]

Market Research at Kudler Foods Market Research

Market esearch at Kudler Foods

Market esearch at Kudler Fine Foods

The catalyst of any successful business is the ability to quickly translate customer data in its many forms into a competitive advantage (Perreault, Cannon, & McCarthy, 2008). For Kudler Fine Foods, they have many opportunities to learn from their customers and grow their core business in the process. The intent of this analysis is to evaluate how the many concepts, frameworks and structures of market research can be used to augment and strengthen the store's ability to serve existing customers and gain new ones.

etailers especially need to be cognizant of how to best to coordinate all the market research functions in a concerted and focused base of knowledge which can be used for making insightful, intelligent strategic decisions (Perreault, Cannon, & McCarthy, 2008). For retailers this focus needs to include the complete customer experience from an authenticity and…… [Read More]

Market and Mixed Economies Both

Because of the free-price system, trading exists in various degrees thus causing a lack of organized trading system. Issues also indicate that market economy creates monolopies that threaten the competitiveness of goods and services. Therefore, the solution to such problem that market economy critics find is to support mixed economy because they need a structured and organized system of trading. But what can a mixed economy provide to the economic condition of a nation? To the proponents of mixed economy, this system can prevent unstable economic conditions because the economic system is controlled. A mixed economy presents both the faces of a free-market and capitalism where people have the right to choose which type of economic system they wish to implement in trading. Additionally, even if free-market also exists in a mixed economy, it is still limited which therefore continues to present a controlled economic condition.… [Read More]

Market Value of Commercial Property

It is however important to come up with an integrated proactive management of real property in order to cover most of the risks that affect this market sector.

The requirement for the integrated property management

So as to achieve the required alignment between the strategic decisions of a business and other elements like the organization structure, enabling physical environment and work processes, it is necessary that organizations come with clear methods of managing their property. Proactive management of real estate/corporate property is one of the ways of ensuring that the property is not at risk. It however demands that very clear strategic positions are taken by senior management with clarity of the expected deliverable in measurable terms.

Fig.2 Proactive real estate management

Source

Source: Then (1996).

Conclusion

The market value of commercial property has been fluctuation over time. The last three years has however seen it suffer a heavy hit…… [Read More]

Structure of Higher Education Why

..

Question: How might current models of academic organization and governance better adapt to these voices?

Today, universities around the nation have omen's Studies and African-American studies programs and departments, and Latino and Gay Studies departments in some institutions of learning as well. Undergraduate and graduate organizations advocate for these interest groups. Yet one critical shortfall remains that has a seismic, often silent impact upon the representational nature of the university -- financial aid. ere more scholarships available, the diversity of most colleges would increase exponentially. Yet except for a few select, well-endowed institutions such as Harvard that can offer children from families with incomes of less than $40,000 full scholarships, schools often can extend little financial support than access to the increasingly dry well of credit (Harvard announces new initiative aimed at economic barriers to college, 2004, Harvard Gazette). Students from poorer backgrounds may fear burdening themselves with debt…… [Read More]

Market for Toscani's in Parramarra

The segmentation recommended in this marketing plan includes the following:

Ensure that locals (there is an advantage to the restaurant's site) become regulars.

Differentiate the "Italian" notion for those who want something different from "standard," "middle of the road" Italian fare.

Come up with very targeted marketing which ensures focus on the three target customer groups:

Those living/working within a well-defined radius

Those who may know the restaurant from other experiences in Australia

Spur-of-the-moment tourists who see the restaurant and walk in.

Cost structure of industry (especially whether variable cost is a small or large proportion of the normal selling price, and whether there are significant economies of scale of production, importance of transportation costs etc.),

The relative margins earned by restaurants vary from zero to 10% of total sales. Price discounts may be attractive to customers, but can have a dramatic impact on the bottom line if not properly…… [Read More]

Market Economics Discuss the Role

To ensure that none of this was taking place, many state regulatory commissions would set prices and monitor the industry. Then, during the 1980's is when deregulation would occur, as many economists felt that they were stifling economic growth. As a result, the different laws were changed, allowing for electric producers to have greater freedoms in: setting prices and determining how it would be distributed. With a host of electric companies, beginning to own others producers in different states and they began to actively trade it. This is important, because it shows how the overall level of government regulation would be reduced. Yet, the various state regulatory commissions would still be able to maintain oversight and control inside their borders. As a result, there was a reduction in the overall amount of regulations, while allowing certain controls to remain in place. When you put these different elements together, this meant…… [Read More]

Economic Analysis New Electronics Market Analysis Competitor

Economic Analysis

New electronics market analysis

Competitor analysis is a tool used in marketing as well as strategic management whereby an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of an organizations both current and potential competitors is done. A useful technique in carrying out a competitor analysis is the construction of a competitor array. This is done through various steps first identification of the industry that the organization wants to venture into. This encompasses the scope and nature of that particular industry (Abahe.co, 2011). The second step involves the determination of competitors for the intended product. The third thing is identifying customers and the benefits they expect from the organization. It is also crucial to find out the key factors of success in the industry. Through this analysis the organization acquires both defensive and offensive strategic context so that it identifies threats and opportunities that are present. Competitor analysis is therefore…… [Read More]

Game Theory Does Explains Market

c) Mutual Interdependence: This assumption is based on the relationship between two or more individuals where one person depends upon the other for economic interest or benefit. When making a decision one has to consider the effect of his or her decision to the partner. This is common in the Perfect competition -- pure market phenomenon.

With the assumptions above the game theory helps in developing a perfect competition among the consumers.

Goal theory in perfect competition market

It tends to describe market structure based on assumptions which are non-existent, most market systems are imperfect, however the long run and short run situations can help in holding the assumption to be true based on the equilibrium, price and output.

Basic assumptions required for conditions of pure competition to exist as below;

Many small firms: Each producer producing a significant percentage in the total output in the market hence has no…… [Read More]

Current Market Conditions

Whole Foods: Current market conditions

Market structure

The supermarket industry is highly competitive. However, Whole Foods has been able to garner a market advantage through specialization. Whole Foods is a national chain but offers exclusively organic items to customers, thus conveying additional value for a specific yet rapidly-expanding demographic of customers. Growth in the organics market remains strong, even though it experienced a downturn after the recession. "According to the Organic Trade Association, U.S. sales of organic food and beverages have grown from $1 billion in 1990 to $24.8 billion in 2009. That's 18.4% growth annualized over 19 years" (Beyers 2011).

As well as health-conscious consumers, Whole Foods also offers a wide array of international, gluten-free, peanut-free, and other specialty items. It is a relatively large chain, although still dwarfed in size by major national supermarket retailers like Wal-Mart. Thus, the market structure is that of a competitive market, with…… [Read More]

Future Market Condition Analysis

Dell Computer Future Market Condition: Outlook & Analysis

Market structure

At present, the current structure of the PC market is a market structure closer to one of perfect competition, with a very buyer rather than seller friendly focus. Many buyers and sellers and a high level of price volatility characterize the PC industry. However, no market is a textbook definition of any market structure. Although there are many products in the PC industry, they are not all exactly similar in nature and with many substitutes, and there are higher barriers to industry entry than in other competitive market structures -- thus this state of perfect competition is somewhat limited. (Investopedia, 2005) But overall, Forbes Magazine has said the PC market growth will moderate in 2005 due to a lack of significant new product introductions in a too-competitive marketplace. ("Market Share," 2005)

Impact of New Competitors

No new competitor has quite…… [Read More]

Corporate Business Marketing Structure Analysis of the

Corporate Business Marketing Structure

Analysis of the Sony Corporation's Market Structure

Sony Corporation is a leader in consumer and professional electronics around the world. It is a company founded in Japan in 1946 with headquarters in Tokyo, Japan. Sony produces a variety of products such as cameras, headphones, speakers, and more. Sony Corporation also generates a great deal of income in the entertainment industry, distributing media such and film and television. It is a brand recognized for quality worldwide. This is a company that makes business partnerships that are prudent and profitable. Japanese cultural and economic histories influence and contribute to Sony's market structure and general success.

Sony is heavily involved with audio recording and engineering technologies. It is possible to construct and supply and high caliber, professional recording studio using only Sony products. This corporation has an outstanding reputation for its cameras. Sony produces numerous consumer cameras, lenses, and…… [Read More]

Ford Future Market Conditions The

Price elasticity of demand

Traditionally, large ticket items do not have a great deal of elasticity in terms of price, because they are viewed as necessary goods, although they are not as elastic as a supermarket item one can 'stock up' on in bulk when it goes on sale. Car demand can be somewhat elastic in the sense that people can elect not to buy a new car, purchase a used car, or lease a model until prices decline -- there are market substitutes that can be cheaper, if the car market prices goods too high, as Ford was pricing its vehicles too high, and producing too many high-cost vehicles. Also, the price of compatible goods like gas can impact the choice of vehicle consumers chose to purchase. The Toyota Prius' popularity grew with the price of gas.

A g.

Competitors

Ford's North American operations lost $1.6 billion in 2006,…… [Read More]

Microeconomic Study the Market for

However the restaurants collectively are considered to be a luxury good to those within the market. We feel that our brand is a normal good in this market as our cuisine is specific to the taste of the clientele represented by the demographic. Additionally, our decor and quality distinguish our establishment from what are deemed to be the lower quality establishments in the area that would normally represent the 'competition'.

The additional features of our establishment also yield a luxury restaurant as the market deems the bathroom as an important feature in distinguishing a market friendly and luxurious restaurant experience. In many countries it is that way, the food itself does not distinguish the restaurant, as one can ostensibly obtain a great, world-class meal from many restaurants. Indeed, the restroom experience is what qualifies a restaurant as being luxurious or not luxurious.

The market structure that best characterizes the industry…… [Read More]

E-Commerce Markets and Hierarchy the

Southwest Airlines today exemplifies this positioning of being very market structured in its approach. The company's attributes also reflect Malone (1987) in that the costs of the product, for Southwest due to their foresightful purchase of oil futures, is low, and their costs of coordination are high as they expand across hub cities. Further, Southwest has to this point shunned being listed on websites for comparative shopping including Expedia.com.

What is fascinating to watch in the broader airline industry is the progression from market-centric organizational structures to more network-based. American Airlines and the One World Alliance are a case in point, as is the United Airlines efforts to align with networks of carriers. This progression away from high levels of independence towards a more network-centric approach to the industry is a direct result of increased costs of operation, more of a willingness to share in the collective risk to the…… [Read More]

2007 Potato Chip Industry Northwest Competitively Structured

2007, potato chip industry Northwest competitively structured long-run competitive equilibrium; firms earning a normal rate return competing a monopolistically competitive market structure.

Potato industry

The situation

The competitive business environment of today forces economic agents across the globe to develop and implement a wide array of strategies by which to respond to the challenges of the various stakeholder categories, such as competitors, business partners, employees, customers, the governmental and non-governmental institutions and so on. One particular means by which the companies address these new challenges is that of uniting their forces in order to combine their resources, market shares and capitals and as such become more profitable. Particularly, the economic agents engage in mergers and acquisitions as a means of consolidating leading positions within the market places.

Such a situation was observed within the potato chip industry in Northwest. Up until 2007, the industry was characterized by the presence of…… [Read More]

Expanding Hotel Business Market Plan

The hotel seeks to promote its strategic location and incomparable services to boost its sales to the majority of people and tourists visiting Southern California. Its proximity to central Loss Angeles also gives an advantage to the hotel to target the urban dwellers seeking recreation facilities outside the central city.

Marketing programs

Pricing of services and products offered by the Long beach hotel is under management and control of market conditions of demand and supply. Prices are elastic depending on the season of the year. During peak periods, prices for accommodation services range from $100 to $400. These prices aim to meet the demands of a bigger range of people. The prices vary depending on the capability of a customer. Price charge depends on the facilities available in the hotel rooms and other services that a customer may require such as dinner and breakfast. Charges such as $400 per night…… [Read More]

Finance the Market for Wireless

Therefore, while pricing strategies are different, most firms are seeking to differentiate themselves with features they believe will attract their target market, and the pricing reflecting the target market.

Question 2

If a firm such as Samsung wishes to reduce costs there are a number of approaches which may be utilized. Most manufacturers are already using outsourcing for manufacturing either the handsets or some of the components. Costs are often saved by going to firms in countries where there is the ability to makes gains of comparative advantages, especially in areas where wages and overheads are lower. China is particularly well-known as a manufacturing base, but to save costs it would be possible to move to even lower cost countries, such as the African states where there is a lower level of economic development. However, this may also have costs, as the staff may not be as skills and quality…… [Read More]

Botswana Bond Market the Development

Domestic debt is also needed for monetary policy purposes including for sterilizing inflows of foreign exchange." (Kahn, 2005) In addition bond markets assist in the provision of interest rates across the maturity spectrum and more efficient pricing of risk. y providing an alternative source of financing they reduce concentration of intermediation in banks. ecause lending can be hedged in the bond market, banks have the ability to lend longer." (Kahn, 2005) Kahn notes that PECC (2004) states general requirements for bond market development which include: (1) the simultaneous development of market width, market depth and market infrastructure; (2) effective coordination among government agencies; (3) close public-private sector partnership; and (4) regulation focusing on maintaining and enhancing transparency and the treatment of taxation. (Kahn, 2005) Kahn concludes by stating that if bond markets are to be development in SSA or in other emerging markets, the role of the state becomes critical,…… [Read More]

Apple Market Share Increase for Ipad 4

Apple needs to increase its market share for iPad 4.

Product outline

Apple Inc. is a well known technology firm that specializes in designing, production and selling of computers, mobile phones and music related devices. The most outstanding feature of Apple Inc. is the brand-perception as well as identification. Apple has built itself to become a cult-brand over the last decade with the strategy to invest and market iTunes, QuickTime and iMaclines working to fortify the brand loyalty hence the cult-brand formation. The short-term goals that Apple Inc. put in place are geared towards increasing the sales of the iPad which is one of the most recent products of Apple. Apple Inc. is a fairly large corporation with a huge startup capital base and a corporate culture that is inclined towards engineering and innovation. It is known to properly utilize the bureaucracies that exist and also possessing good customer culture…… [Read More]

Apple increase in market'share for iPad 4

Apple needs to increase its market share for iPad 4.

Product outline

Apple Inc. is a well known technology firm that specializes in designing, production and selling of computers, mobile phones and music related devices. The most outstanding feature of Apple Inc. is the brand-perception as well as identification. Apple has built itself to become a cult-brand over the last decade with the strategy to invest and market iTunes, QuickTime and iMaclines working to fortify the brand loyalty hence the cult-brand formation. The short-term goals that Apple Inc. put in place are geared towards increasing the sales of the iPad which is one of the most recent products of Apple. Apple Inc. is a fairly large corporation with a huge startup capital base and a corporate culture that is inclined towards engineering and innovation. It is known to properly utilize the bureaucracies that exist and also possessing good customer culture…… [Read More]