Mergers And Acquisitions Essays (Examples)

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Merger & Acquisitions
MEGE AND ACQUISTION

Merger and Acquisition

Merck & Company Inc. is an American pharmaceutical company operating in different countries globally. The company is one of the world largest manufacturers of drugs by revenue and market capitalization, and the company offers different products such as vaccines, prescription products, consumer products and animal products. Its operative business is being operated by MerckKGaA where 30% of the shares are publicly traded and the Merck's family owns 70% of the company interests. Merck operates four different business divisions such as Consumer Health (over-counter pharmaceuticals), Merck Serono (biopharmaceuticals), Merck Millipore (pharmaceutical research & technology products) and Performances Materials (high-tech chemicals). (Merck, 2011). Typically, the company Consumer Health division offers quality products globally and its brands are available in countries in the North and South America, Europe, African and Asia. Over the years, the company has long known to improve people's health and well-being and the….

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and corporate restructuring are a big part of the corporate finance world. Every day, Wall Street investment bankers arrange M&A transactions, which bring separate companies together to form larger ones. When they're not creating big companies from smaller ones, corporate finance deals do the reverse and break up companies through spinoffs, carve-outs or tracking stocks.
Not surprisingly, these actions often make the news. Deals can be worth hundreds of millions, or even billions, of dollars. They can dictate the fortunes of the companies involved for years to come. For a CEO, leading an M&A can represent the highlight of a whole career. And it is no wonder we hear about so many of these transactions; they happen all the time. Next time you flip open the newspaper's business section, odds are good that at least one headline will announce some kind of M&A transaction.

Sure, M&A deals grab….

Mergers and Acquisitions
As a CEO, you are trying to acquire a foreign firm. The size of your firm will double, and it will become the largest in your industry. What does your firm do and what does the foreign firm you are trying to acquire do? Where are the firms based?

Before any M&A proceeding should occur. An analysis of the macroeconomic factors and industry related factors should be conducted. In this particular M&A case, as CEO, my primarily job is chief risk officer. Here, I do not want to overpay for a company with underlying operational issues that I am oblivious too. The M&A team must first place a value on the business that corresponds to the synergy or business enhancements it will provide. This figure must also include a margin of safety in order to prevent overpaying for the company in question. For example, if the underlying business is….

Mergers and Acquisitions
The most recent worldwide economic meltdown that began in 2007 decimated the auto industry. Chrysler and GM were two of the 'big three' that did not escape without filing bankruptcy and restructuring; shedding thousands of jobs and debts in the process. Ford managed to escape this fate and the accompany government take-over but also suffered tremendous loss in terms of sales and employees. At the height of the recession sales of U.S. vehicles had plummeted by nearly a third; with GM falling by 45%, Ford 30% and Chrysler 35% (BBC News online, 2009).

If anyone was projecting the recession; their warnings went unheeded while investing continued at breakneck speed until the economy sputtered to a standstill. It resulted in some formidable takeovers including the loss of the Jaguar and Land over luxury brands by Ford to Tata Motors Ltd. (TML). The former is known for its luxury passenger cars….

Merger and Acquisition
Mergers and Acquisitions

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) is an aspect of business strategy dealing with the amalgamation of two or more companies of similar entities or buying, selling or dividing different companies. Despite several common features of M&A, there is still a distinction between the two concepts. Merger is the amalgamation of two businesses of equal or nearly equal sizes; however, acquisition is the takeover of entire business of small firms by big firms. Similar to other industry, M&A has become a valuable tool that healthcare sector use in driving sustainable clinical and financial outcome. "Healthcare mergers are increasingly being considered as a possible solution to creating sustainable and patient-centric service models." (Carter, 2011 P. 3). If done right, merger and acquisition is a tool that healthcare provider employ to enhance competitive market advantages.

Fundamental objective of this paper is to investigate how the merger and acquisition strategy could assist….

International mergers and takeover processes are positively influenced by efficient control by the parent country which may lead to the formation of a direct link between protection of investors and a companies' access to debt financing (La Porta et al., 1998 as cited in Martynova and enneboog, 2008). Martynova and enneboog in the year 2007 explained that debt financing is directly related to merger and acquisitions across the border (Martynova and enneboog, 2008).
Lastly, a major chunk of the findings identified that the impact of the comparative size of transactions, ways of paying, free cash flow, strategies of diversifying, hostility, variations in economic development, proximity, stock price run up and the association with language are some of the factors that need to be considered by both the target and the bidder company (Martynova and enneboog, 2008).

The respective analysis brings value to the overall text in mainly two ways. Firstly, the….

Perhaps the biggest struggle entities face aside from legal rules and regulations that may be different between the target and bidding company (Galpin & Herndon, 2001) is the integration of two company's organizational cultures and beliefs (Daniel & Metcalf, 2001). Most H Managers and strategic planners argue that people are the most important part of any organization. When two companies merge and incorporate a group of people with differing cultures and identities, many companies find it difficult to change the culture and identity one company has relied on for so long in a way that allows for integration of the bidding company's organizational culture (Daniel & Metcalf, 2001).
Conflict always arises in mergers and acquisitions, but cultural conflict is often more prevalent when M&as involve international trade and relationships. To help manage cultural differences, each company must focus on collaborating with one another to discover the similarities and differences that….

Creating an economy of scale can prove difficult, and the new, larger entity can be unwieldy. Again, using stock to finance the deal can be its downfall "a booming stock market encourages mergers...Deals done with highly rated stock as currency are easy and cheap, but the strategic thinking behind them may be easy and cheap too." ("Mergers and Acquisitions: hy They Can Fail," 2006, Investopedia)
Financial risks of merging with or acquiring an organization in another country and how those risks could be mitigated

Globalization," defined as "the arrival of new technological developments or a fast-changing economic landscape that makes the outlook uncertain are all factors that can create a strong incentive for defensive mergers. Sometimes the management team feels they have no choice and must acquire a rival before being acquired. The idea is that only big players will survive a more competitive world." ("Mergers and Acquisitions: hy They Can….

Similarly, the simple fact is that with a merger nothing remains static forever -- growth cannot occur unless flexibility occurs.
Some flexibility is required here, and there may be times when transfers will need to be solidified.

Technology

In most cases, systems and technology will improve based on greater efficiencies. However, it is also likely that basic input and programs will require change and flexibility as well -- what two companies use exactly the same system in exactly the same manner?

This issue may interfere with the efficiency of individual department for the short-term. However, the phase period of merging should allow for adequate time to learn about their new positions, technical needs, etc.

Quality

Both organizations are committed to the highest quality possible; it is in their respective strategic plans. It is important to focus on ways to improve quality, not interagency competitiveness.

The bottom line needs to be quality of goods and/or services --….


ibliography

Amos Web Dictionary, Gloss arama, Merger, http://www.amosweb.com/cgi-bin/awb_nav.pl?s=gls&c=dsp&k=merger, last accessed on February 28, 2007

Wikipedia, the Free Online Encyclopedia, Mergers and acquisitions, Due Diligence, Procter&Gamble, http://en.wikipedia.org/,last accessed on February 28, 2007

CNN Money, Results of Weekly Pole, 2005, Chris Isidore, P&G to buy Gillette for $57, CNN Money, January 28, 2005, http://money.cnn.com, last accessed on February 28, 2007

Procter&Gamble buys Gillette to Form the World's iggest Consumer Products Group, FinFacts Ireland, usiness&Finance Portal, January 29, 2005 http://www.finfacts.com/cgi-bin/irelandbusinessnews/exec/view.cgi?archive=2&num=292,last accessed on February 28, 2007

Christine Spivey Overby, George Lawrie, Procter&Gamble buys Gillette, Forrester Research, January 28, 2005, http://www.forrester.com/Research/Document/Excerpt/0,7211,36326,00.html, last accessed on February 28, 2007

James M. Kilts, Answers.com, usiness iographies, 2007, http://www.answers.com/topic/james-m-kilts, last accessed on February 28, 2007

Andrew Caffrey, Investors ack Gillette, International Herald Tribune, usiness, June 29, 2005, http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/06/28/business/gillette.php, last accessed on February 28, 2007

Chris Isidore, P&G to buy Gillette for $57, CNN Money, January 28, 2005 http://money.cnn.com/2005/01/28/news/fortune500/pg_gillette/,last accessed on February 28, 2007

Procter&Gamble Acquires Gillette, CS News,….


Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on the Health Care Workforce

Workers in health care, because of the conversion of health care into a commercialized business in many respects, have found themselves exposed to the same opportunities and problems that face workers in the rest of the working world. Because of the fact that certain types of health care workers are in high demand, many of these workers will quickly switch jobs and be more likely to expose the organizations to staffing shortages unexpectedly. Additionally, from the viewpoint of the employers, mergers and acquisitions often create massive layoffs or pay cuts, due once again to the view of health care as a business rather than public service (Ginsburg, 1996).

Also, the bottom line to consider, in addition to all of the affects on the health care workforce, is the impact that the workers pass along to the patients.

Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on….

06 or 56.1% to $2.95 while Zhone shares fell down to $2.90 or 18%. Yet, of the new company, Zhone shareholders will own 63.2% and Paradyne shareholders will own 36.8%. (Zhone to Buy Paradyne in Stock-Swap Deal, Says 2Q)
Even the Paradyne seniors are being retained and the Chairman and Chief Executive as also the Chief financial Officer will remain as consultants for a period of two years. The analysis by financial experts showed that Zhone will lose 2 cents per share on total revenue of $29.3 million. The earlier performance had been also bad with a loss of 6 cents per share on sales of $21 million. Paradyne stated that its performance will improve, but analysts say that the results will be a loss of 1 cent per share and revenue of $27.3 million and this was down from an income of 1 cent and $24 million which it got….

he most popular amongst these options is satellite television. Satellite television can be advantageous to consumers because there are more stations available to choose from and the price is the same or similar to that of cable television companies.
Most recently the Internet has changed the manner in which people access the news, communicate with one another, and watch television programs. As a result cable television companies have attempted to adopt new business models that often involve mergers and acquisitions. hese mergers and acquisitions can take place between cable television companies to create a larger cable television company or between cable companies and telephone/Internet service providers. Some of the largest mergers have taken place between cable companies and high technology companies. here are a number of variables that can determine the success of a merger.

Cable television is a major industry in the United States and throughout the world. According to….

One specific phase that the author uses that can be applied to RBS is that innovations may force banks into decisions that are micro-functional, but macro-dysfunctional. In the case of RBS, leadership focus on reductionist metrics that offered increases in efficiencies in certain business functions, however by focusing on micro-functional areas of improvement the organization lost perspective on the macro benefits or losses incurred by a more comprehensive analysis. Furthermore, when examining possible herding behavior by industry executives, if these executives became focused on achieving the same competitive advantage through short-term gains in micro-functional areas and this behavior could potentially spill over and produce a flood of similar behaviors industry wide. Hence, which ever metric became the prefer analysis tool by executives or speculators could influence an entire industry and shift the industry toward inefficiencies.
Governmental Boundaries

The final perspective in which this paper will reflect upon in this particular case….

Mergers and Acquisitions
The energy sector was the largest with the most merger and acquisition activity in terms of total value which was disclosed according to PricewaterhouseCoopers (Investopedia, 2011). There were two acquisitions that were particular interesting in this industry. The first was Alpha Natural Resources, Inc. acquisition of Massey Energy for over eight billion dollars. This acquisition is interesting because Massey Energy was the company that owned the Upper Big Branch Mine in est Virginia that experienced an explosion and twenty nine miners were killed. The unfortunate accidents made the operating procedures and lack of safety standards transparent to investors and the stock value plummeted making it a target for Alpha Natural Resources.

Massey Energy was known for a long history of safety violations and other regulatory violations and the FBI actually launch a criminal investigation regarding potential negligence regarding the management of the mine ( Source atch, 2012). It is….

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9 Pages
Business Proposal

Business

Mergers and Acquisitions

Words: 2337
Length: 9 Pages
Type: Business Proposal

Merger & Acquisitions MEGE AND ACQUISTION Merger and Acquisition Merck & Company Inc. is an American pharmaceutical company operating in different countries globally. The company is one of the world largest manufacturers…

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7 Pages
Essay

Business

Mergers and Acquisitions M& a and Corporate Restructuring

Words: 3256
Length: 7 Pages
Type: Essay

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and corporate restructuring are a big part of the corporate finance world. Every day, Wall Street investment bankers arrange M&A transactions, which bring separate companies…

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5 Pages
Essay

Business

Mergers and Acquisitions as a CEO You

Words: 1450
Length: 5 Pages
Type: Essay

Mergers and Acquisitions As a CEO, you are trying to acquire a foreign firm. The size of your firm will double, and it will become the largest in your industry.…

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11 Pages
Essay

Transportation

Mergers and Acquisitions the Most Recent Worldwide

Words: 4347
Length: 11 Pages
Type: Essay

Mergers and Acquisitions The most recent worldwide economic meltdown that began in 2007 decimated the auto industry. Chrysler and GM were two of the 'big three' that did not escape…

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6 Pages
Essay

Healthcare

Merger and Acquisition Mergers and Acquisitions Mergers

Words: 1932
Length: 6 Pages
Type: Essay

Merger and Acquisition Mergers and Acquisitions Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) is an aspect of business strategy dealing with the amalgamation of two or more companies of similar entities or buying, selling…

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9 Pages
Term Paper

Business

Mergers and Acquisitions Organizational Characteristics

Words: 3723
Length: 9 Pages
Type: Term Paper

International mergers and takeover processes are positively influenced by efficient control by the parent country which may lead to the formation of a direct link between protection of…

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4 Pages
Term Paper

Business - Management

Mergers and Acquisitions A Risk

Words: 1139
Length: 4 Pages
Type: Term Paper

Perhaps the biggest struggle entities face aside from legal rules and regulations that may be different between the target and bidding company (Galpin & Herndon, 2001) is the…

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3 Pages
Term Paper

Business

Mergers and Acquisitions An Overview

Words: 974
Length: 3 Pages
Type: Term Paper

Creating an economy of scale can prove difficult, and the new, larger entity can be unwieldy. Again, using stock to finance the deal can be its downfall "a…

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7 Pages
Term Paper

Business

Mergers and Acquisitions Organizational Culture

Words: 2466
Length: 7 Pages
Type: Term Paper

Similarly, the simple fact is that with a merger nothing remains static forever -- growth cannot occur unless flexibility occurs. Some flexibility is required here, and there may be…

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5 Pages
Term Paper

Business

Mergers and Acquisitions the Case

Words: 1693
Length: 5 Pages
Type: Term Paper

ibliography Amos Web Dictionary, Gloss arama, Merger, http://www.amosweb.com/cgi-bin/awb_nav.pl?s=gls&c=dsp&k=merger, last accessed on February 28, 2007 Wikipedia, the Free Online Encyclopedia, Mergers and acquisitions, Due Diligence, Procter&Gamble, http://en.wikipedia.org/,last accessed on February 28, 2007 CNN…

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3 Pages
Term Paper

Healthcare

Mergers and Acquisitions in Health

Words: 896
Length: 3 Pages
Type: Term Paper

Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on the Health Care Workforce Workers in health care, because of the conversion of health care into a commercialized business in many respects, have found…

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4 Pages
Term Paper

Business

Mergers and Acquisitions the Situation

Words: 1596
Length: 4 Pages
Type: Term Paper

06 or 56.1% to $2.95 while Zhone shares fell down to $2.90 or 18%. Yet, of the new company, Zhone shareholders will own 63.2% and Paradyne shareholders will own…

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4 Pages
Thesis

Film

Mergers and Acquisitions Play an

Words: 1160
Length: 4 Pages
Type: Thesis

he most popular amongst these options is satellite television. Satellite television can be advantageous to consumers because there are more stations available to choose from and the price…

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9 Pages
Case Study

Economics

Mergers and Acquisitions Case Study

Words: 2446
Length: 9 Pages
Type: Case Study

One specific phase that the author uses that can be applied to RBS is that innovations may force banks into decisions that are micro-functional, but macro-dysfunctional. In the…

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2 Pages
Term Paper

Education - Computers

Mergers and Acquisitions the Energy Sector Was

Words: 603
Length: 2 Pages
Type: Term Paper

Mergers and Acquisitions The energy sector was the largest with the most merger and acquisition activity in terms of total value which was disclosed according to PricewaterhouseCoopers (Investopedia, 2011). There…

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