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Job characteristics theory was first introduced by Hackman and Oldham. Later on the basis of this theory, a job characteristic model was proposed which is also known as JCM. The theory focuses on five job attributes which helps in motivating the employees and make them feel satisfied at their job. The five job characteristics are as follows: 1- Task Identity refers to the task assigned at job that has a defined beginning and an end. This enables a worker to have a complete idea about the job procedure and the set criteria for job evaluation. 2- Autonomy is the level of freedom permitted to the employee at his or her job. It counts whether an employee is allowed to make changes in the schedule of work and its method or he/she is required to take permission from the higher staff for it. 3- Skills Variety refers to the variety of talents and skills required at the job. It tells whether an employee just has to perform the repetitive tasks or different things. 4- Task Significance means if the job of an employee has any worth in an organization or not. Does the job make substantial impact over the organization or society or it is just an ordinary one. 5- Job Feedback refers to the organizational procedure of letting employees informed about their performance at job regularly. (Hackman & Oldham, 1976, p. 250-279)

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