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His argument is that the two extreme sides are opposed by nature hence they exist in a state of "civil war." The third part of the soul is identified as the "spirited part" which is "far from being [appetitive], for in the civil war in the soul it aligns itself far more with the rational part" (Plato: book IV).
The healthy soul is the one where reason, assisted by spirit, rules over desire, be it for food, sex, etc. A healthy soul - according to Socrates - means that the individual is just inside and out, in the sense that on the one hand, the individual will be ruled by reason thus he will be just on the inside, and on the other, he will be just on the outside because someone who is ruled by reason cannot rob or cheat: "Both together will they not be the best defenders of the whole soul and the whole body against attacks from without; the one counseling, and the other fighting under his leader, and courageously executing his...
Also, Socrates claims that similarly to a healthy body, a healthy soul is something we should all strive for. Moreover, he provides a definition of virtue as the well-being of the soul "Then virtue is the health and beauty and well-being of the soul, and vice the disease and weakness and deformity of the same?" (Plato: book IV)
Socrates does not impose his vision upon us; he is merely challenging the way we perceive the surrounding world, raising some questions regarding the legitimacy of democracy as opposed to Plato's ideal state as well as the connections between the structure of the soul and of the ideal city: "Must we not then infer that the individual is wise in the same way, and in virtue of the same quality which makes the State wise?" (Plato: book IV)
Plato. The Republic. The Internet Classics Archive. Web site: http://classics.mit.edu//Plato/republic.html
The healthy soul is the one where reason, assisted by spirit, rules over desire, be it for food, sex, etc. A healthy soul - according to Socrates - means that the individual is just inside and out, in the sense that on the one hand, the individual will be ruled by reason thus he will be just on the inside, and on the other, he will be just on the outside because someone who is ruled by reason cannot rob or cheat: "Both together will they not be the best defenders of the whole soul and the whole body against attacks from without; the one counseling, and the other fighting under his leader, and courageously executing his commands and counsels?" (Plato: book IV). Also, Socrates claims that similarly to a healthy body, a healthy soul is something we should all strive for. Moreover, he provides a definition of virtue as the well-being of the soul "Then virtue is the health and beauty and well-being of the soul, and vice the disease and weakness and deformity of the same?" (Plato: book IV)
Socrates does not impose his vision upon us; he is merely challenging the way we perceive the surrounding world, raising some questions regarding the legitimacy of democracy as opposed to Plato's ideal state as well as the connections between the structure of the soul and of the ideal city: "Must we not then infer that the individual is wise in the same way, and in virtue of the same quality which makes the State wise?" (Plato: book IV)
Plato. The Republic. The Internet Classics Archive. Web site: http://classics.mit.edu//Plato/republic.html
Plato -- Life and Works Plato was born in Athens circa 425 BC, just after the onset of the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta. He lost his father at an early age, but through his mother's marriage to a friend of the leading statesman and general of Athens at the time, Plato became affiliated with some of the most influential circles of a city enjoying a Golden Age. The early
Finally, Socrates comes to the idea of knowledge as true judgment accompanied by "an account," meaning evidence or reason. In this context, knowledge would mean not only believing something true, but also having a reasonable justification for that belief; in other words, this definition proposes that knowledge means knowing a true thing and knowing why that thing is true. However, even here Socrates has a problem with the definition,
Plato and Aristotle Metaphysics The idea of metaphysics is a complex idea that focuses on expanding beyond the mere realities of physics within the natural world. In a sense, this goes "beyond physics," in that the study of metaphysics is "devoted to matters that transcend the mundane concerns" expounded by those of practical scientists such as Einstein and Heisenberg (van Inwagen, Peter). So in a broad term, "metaphysics" attempts to delve deeply
Plato's Philosopher King Plato and the Philosopher-King With the Allegory of the Cave, Plato expresses the notion that the best thing a philosopher can do is lead the people and that, in turn, a leader (king) must be a philosopher. Plato emphasizes this idea by equating the unenlightened citizens of his Republic to prisoners in chains (they are, in effect, chained by their ignorance of reality and transcendental truth). The philosopher is
He will be a servant to other servants. Without humility, however, the "servant" will become vain and proud; his vision of truth will likely become distorted by hubris. He will be no good to himself or to others. He will fight with other warrior-kings but for power and influence rather than for truth, beauty and goodness. Humility, in a sense, will keep him honest and in the light (even
Plato's Apology Discuss the main points of Plato's the Apology The Apology is based upon series of speeches that were made by Socrates in 39 BC. He was standing trial for corrupting the youth of Athens by not believing in the gods of the city. This is because he would often question various ideas in order to have a greater sense of understand and enlightenment. As a result, there were several main