TS Eliot REVISED "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" by T.S. Eliot is indefeasibly a Modernist masterpiece. Yet how do we know it is modernist? Let me count the ways. Modernist poetry is often marked by complicated or difficult disjunctions in tone -- "J. Alfred Prufrock" which is capable of moodily swinging from the depressive lows of "I should have been a pair of ragged claws / scuttling across the floors of silent seas" to the manic highs of "I shall wear white flannel trousers and talk upon the beach / I have heard the mermaids singing, each to each." Modernist poetry is often international in character and although in May of 1917, T.S. Eliot published Prufrock and Other Observations, his first collection of verse, in London, Eliot was not an Englishman but an American, and his poem uses Italian in the quotation from Dante that serves as epigraph and invokes characters from Shakepseare in the text. Finally another aspect of Modernist poetry is the disjunctive style, and I can prove this with reference to the irregular line lengths and rhyme schemes which Eliot imitates here from the French model of Jules Laforgue. Since these are the hallmarks of Modernist Poetry, I have shown that "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" is Modernist.

Modernist Poetry is marked by social and cultural displacement. Such social and cultural displacement was not unfamiliar to Eliot, however, even before the outset of his literary career and his permanent move from the United States to Britain. Likewise "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" begins as a transatlantic dramatic monologue spoken in Prufrock's voice, addressed to an imaginary companion or perhaps directly to the reader:

Let us go then, you and I,

When the evening is spread out against the sky

Like a patient...

Alfred Prufrock" -- which suggests solid if not stolid bourgeois propriety, and a stranger to these slightly raffish and downmarket locales Prufrock invokes. It would appear that Prufrock envisions an escape from the suffocating politesse of his own social milieu, summed up in the deadpan quasi-refrain repeated twice in the poem's opening: "In the room the women come and go / Talking of Michaelangelo." This shows the social and cultural displacement of Modernism.
I have said that Modernism is allusive, and now I hope to show that "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" is allusive and therefore Modernist. To a certain extent, a "love song" is always easier for a spontaneous and passionate personality to express, rather than a fellow like Prufrock. We know, from the numerous allusions in the text, that Prufrock (no less than Eliot) is learned enough to drop coy references to the Classical poetry of Hesiod ("the works and days of hands"), Shakespeare's Twelfth Night ("the voices dying with a dying fall"), and the New Testament ("I am Lazarus, come from the dead.") This allusiveness is one of the chief hallmarks of Eliot's verse, and also helps to establish its Modernist bona fides: when one of the great foes of Modernism, the American poet and critic Yvor Winters, came to attack Eliot it was for this willingness to engage in referentiality beyond what the actual narrative described. Winters called Eliot's method one of "pseudo-reference," in which the poet makes "reference to a non-existent plot." To a certain degree this is true of…