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During the construction process, dead loads "can be accurately calculated," (Brannigan: 15). Yet, live loads are much harder to plan for. Carefully planning for the planning of these types of considerations in building design has been crucial. ecent fire codes have begun to implement live load constrictions. All of these elements can have an effect on the health of a structure during a disaster like a fire.
Constructing smart means preventing disaster and maintaining structure quality through a multitude of disasters. Through proper adherence to fire codes, which have been created in order to prevent disasters, and intelligent design practices, buildings have a chance against the harmful disasters which plague cities and towns everywhere.
eferences
Brannigan, Frances L. (2007). Brannigan's Building Construction for the Fire Service. Jones & Barlett
Carr, obert F. (2009). Health care facilities. Whole Building Design Guide. etrieved August 23, 2009 at http://www.wbdg.org/design/health_care.php.
Conway, Brian. (2009). Office building. The Planning Site,….
The fires burned "out of control" on six of the lower floors at #7 which seriously damaged the floor framing on several floors. hen a main girder on the 13th floor "lost its connection to a critical interior column that provided support for the long floor spans" on the east side of #7, that caused the 13th floor to collapse and from there on down it was like a domino effect down to the 5th floor (Stein).
In 2005 NIST published its research on 22 collapses of buildings resulting from fires. Looking specifically at the building materials used on those 22 collapses, the NIST research revealed: 7 buildings were built with concrete; 6 were built using structural steel; 5 were built with brick/masonry; 2 buildings were built using wood; and in the remaining 2 buildings it was unknown as to what materials were used (Beitel, 2005). .
Thirteen of those collapsed….
Building Codes
In modern building construction, there are numerous codes and regulations that contractors and builders are compelled by law to follow. Though different states and municipalities have variation in their particular regulatory regimes, there are some standard guidelines that all state and local governments must abide. First, regulations require buildings to be structurally sound; that is, in the case of fire or disaster, buildings and homes must be able to withstand the shock of a sudden fire or destructive event. A sound foundation and frame can aid rescue workers by giving them the security that the building will better hold up while firefighters engage in rescue operations. Second, most regulations require that building and interior materials meet fire retardation standards. Many contemporary building materials are made with new plastics and polymers that do not, or are resistant, to burning. Fire retardant materials can help prevent a building from burning too….
Within the project management process, there are monetary values that stakeholders allot to manage the risks in order to enhance the successful completion of the project. Suppose, stakeholders allot $250,000 to manage the project risks and after completion of the project, a project manager will calculate all the costs used in the risk management. The total costs used to manage the risks will determine the risks management outcome of completed projects. If the planned costs to manage the risks are higher than the actual costs, the risk management carried out for the project is not effective. However, if the planned costs for the risk management are equal or less than the actual costs, there is an effectiveness procedure used in the risk management for the completed projects.
Moreover, overall project costs are another determinant to assess the risk management outcomes of completed projects. The planned costs of a project vs.….
Codes and egulations
Building rules are applicable in situations whereby the property owners decide to modify, demolish or establish heir buildings according to the jurisdiction of the building codes and conducts. According to Ching and Winkel (2012), structures and construction projects are governed by various codes and regulations during the construction of new houses, refurbishments and changes in the use of building among other construction activities. These building codes and regulations are to assist in maintenance of building sanity since the construction activities require no federal permits. Building plans are subjected to reviews for adherence with the laws and building codes.
The first code governing the construction of buildings requires the buildings to have fire protection systems installed. Fire protection systems such as automatic fire sprinklers are major requirement for constructors establishing buildings for commercial or public use. Legislations have been passed to make buildings comply with codes such as installation of….
Inexcusable delay - these postponements outcome from a contractor's own fault or his subcontractors or substantial dealers
Table 3-1 the Most Important Delay Factors According to Contractors
Type
Delay factor
ank
Scheduling
Preparation and approval of shop drawings
1
Financing
Delays in contractors progress payment by owner
2
Changes
Design change by owner during construction
2
Material
Delay in the special manufacture out side of Saudi Arabia
4
Financing
Owners cash problems during construction
5
Contractual
relationship
Slowness of owner's decision making process
6
Material
Slow delivery of construction material
7
Changes
Design errors made by designers
7
Scheduling
Waiting for sample materials to be approved
7
Table 3-2 the Most Significant Delay Issues Conferring to Architectural Engineers
Type
Delay factor
ank
Financing
Owners cash problem during construction
1
Financing
Financing by contractors during construction
2
Contractual
relationships
elationship between different subcontractors schedules
2
Contractual
relationships
Slowness of owner's decision making process
2
Financing
Delays in contractors progress payments by owner
5
Materials
Changes in type of construction materials
6
Scheduling
Poor judgment of involved people in estimating time
6
Contractual
relationships
Controlling subcontractors by general contractors
6
Table 3-3 the Most Important Delay Factors According to Owners
Type
Delay factor
ank
Changes
Design errors made by designers
1
Government
relationships
Excessive bureaucracy in project owner operation
2
Manpower
Shortage of manpower
3
Manpower
Labor skill
3
Financing
Financing by contractor during….
project leader for the office building construction project, formulate a vision statement for the team project.
According to Gray and Larson (2008) a vision is unlike a project scope statement, which includes: budget, end dates, and performance requirements, a vision involve the less tangible aspects of project performance. It refers to an image a project team holds in common about how the project will look upon completion, how they will work together and/or how customers will accept the project (p. 361-362). A simple level of a shared vision will answer the question, what do we want to create? Not everyone will have the same vision, but the images should be comparable. Additionally, vision comes in a variety of shapes and forms such as: in a slogan, a symbol and/or written as a formal vision statement (p.362).
A vision can also inspire members to give their best effort. However, shared visions bring….
(CPA News, 2008)
It is related in the CPA News article that brand and marketing strategy should involve making clients aware of the green building services of the firm prior to beginning construction on a new green building or in the case in which they are thinking about "retrofitting an existing one. There are substantial tax deductions available..." (2008) for both.
FINDINGS & CONCLUSION
It has been indicated in this study that the role of accounting and financial management in the green building construction is one that is vital and determinative of project success and is a role that requires the individual take the initiative in addressing construction design and development and the associated costs, initiative funding, and even marketing and sales. This study has found that 'green construction' holds great financial promise for many years to come.
ibliography
Miller, Stephani I. (2008) Green uilding Regulations Proliferating. Residential Architect. 23 Jul 2008. Online available….
Craft not art?
a. Though it is undeniable that manufacturers of objects not generally esteemed as art such as fabric and dishes are still artists, the fact that their contribution to cultural aesthetic is not valued similarly or at least regarded similarly to that of a sculptor is fundamentally incorrect.
b. This shift in regard of "craft" as either an art or not an art has occurred as the world modernizes and more distinct lines are drawn between objects and pieces of art. Historically, earthen ware jugs, rugs, dishware all these things which now would not be regarded as are were in the past regarded as such and given great care and detail
c. The devaluation of craft objects as simple objects not objects to be admired or appreciated beyond their functionality and superficial connection to an overall aesthetic has resulted in a paradox for individuals who make craft. They are artists,….
Technical Information Research & Building Construction AnalysisTask 1i. Construction StagesSite preparationIn all construction and building projects, site clearing is the initial phase and it involves the removal of trees, vegetation, and old or unwanted structures that sit on the prospective site, as was the case in the observed project. In accordance with the statements of Wilkie (2011), all services including water, gas, and power were disconnected from the structure before the demolition work began. Other services like drainage and stormwater were also sealed off, and the necessary steps are taken to ensure that the nearby properties are protected. One of these strategies was to fence the site and ensure appropriate barricading to prevent unauthorized access to the construction site (Wilkie 2011). After demolition, the rubble was cleared and excavation work began.Figure 1. Site preparation - demolition of the previous structureVarious equipment can be used in the excavation phase. The choice….
Building Design Construction Methods and Collapse
General building design and construction methods
Contemporary building regulations are effective in ensuring the safety of occupants throughout the life cycle of the structure. Government agencies have the responsibility of inspection to ensure safety and enforcing compliance to regulations and codes during constructions. Building design and construction methods evolve in response to emerging trends and demands in the industry. Advancements within the design and construction industries transform the demands and orientation of structures as per the consumer demand.
Building designs and construction methods have associated types of collapse. Designs and construction methods determine the gravity resistance system of buildings. Different building designs and construction methods have related hazards from the collapse of structures.
Fire resistive buildings
Fire resistive building designs integrate the application non-combustible materials in construction. This prevents the construction materials from adding to the fire load and smoke within and spread from the building. Construction materials used….
This is when the available supply will address demand.
eferences
Construction Logistics Management, 2010, CMS. Available from: [21 February 2012].
Construction Materials, 2009, Encyclopedia Iranica. Available from: [18 February 2012].
Iran, 2012, CIA. Available from: [17 February 2012].
Iran's Budget Shortfalls, 2009, P Log. Available from: [21 Feb 2010]
Iran Building Construction and Investment Opportunity, 2011, Business Wire. Available from: [20 February 2012].
Iran's eal Estate and Construction Industry, 2011, Dazzel Pod. Available from: [17 February 2012].
Sector in Iran, 2012, Iran Exhibitions. Available from: [21 February 2012].
Speed of Construction Industry, 2011, Zawya. Available from: [19 February 2012].
Top Ten Most Corrupt Nations, 2010, Expitfy. Available from: [17 February 2012].
Ahmandinejad, M, 2006, the Survey of Implementing Quality Management, International Civil Engineering. Available from: [20 February 2012].
Bagher, M, 2011, ICT Adoption, IAAC. Available from: [19 February 2012].
Bakar, a, 2010, 'Causes of Delays in Iranian Construction,' International Journal of….
building industry. The building industry is a cyclical business based on residential and business construction. The industry has faced several years of constrained demand, despite low interest rates. Two firms within the industry are Eagle Materials (EXP) and Apogee Enterprises (APOG). These two firms will be compared with one another in terms of their finances and their recent news in this paper. First, Eagle will be studied including its key financial ratios and recent news, and then the same treatment will be given to Apogee. The conclusion of the paper will discuss the future of the industry and which of the two firms would make a better investment for someone looking to put money in the building industry today.
The Building Industry
The building industry is a cyclical business based on construction. Both construction firms and their suppliers are part of this industry. The two companies being studied are industry suppliers.….
Building surveying assessmentTask 11. Building construction stagesWallsThe buildings timber-framed walls have been erected compliant with the Australian Standard 1684. High-tech manufacturing devices are utilized to produce prefabricated frames within an off-site industrial unit. These frames are then transported to the construction site in a ready-to-use state with explicit instructions for installation.The timber frames are non-load as well as load bearing, with synthetic erection and construction material to ground slab and sub-floor frames. Frame components include plates, trimmers, studs, blocking, noggings, and lentils.Figure 1. Wall -timber-frameExternal walls utilized a brick veneer, constructed using clay bricks which are produced in strict compliance with AS/NZS 4455:1997, Masonry units and segmental pavers; AS 3700-2001, Masonry structures; and AS/NZS 4456:2003, Masonry units and segmental pavers and flags methods of test. According to traditional brick-veneer construction rules, the brickwork is largely placed on the edifices exterior (Page 1996).Figure 2. External brick veneer wallA vapor barrier….
Construction Systems and Fire Behavior
The fire destruction menace is an accident that lives with the societies on a daily basis and as long as there are activities within any building, there are predispositions to fire accidents without exclusion. This comprises the domestic buildings, high commercial buildings and even the office blocks within the city. There are procedures that can be followed while putting up a building or renovating a building that will ensure there are enough measures that help in the eradication of fires or at least suppression of fires when one breaks out.
One such system is the general rule of having effective fire separation within the building which could be between one floor and another or even within the same floor. This is rarely the case since even where such systems are put in place, they are often imperfect in nature and inmost cases not existing at the attics….
Architecture
During the construction process, dead loads "can be accurately calculated," (Brannigan: 15). Yet, live loads are much harder to plan for. Carefully planning for the planning of these…
Read Full Paper ❯Architecture
The fires burned "out of control" on six of the lower floors at #7 which seriously damaged the floor framing on several floors. hen a main girder on…
Read Full Paper ❯Architecture
Building Codes In modern building construction, there are numerous codes and regulations that contractors and builders are compelled by law to follow. Though different states and municipalities have variation in…
Read Full Paper ❯Business - Management
Within the project management process, there are monetary values that stakeholders allot to manage the risks in order to enhance the successful completion of the project. Suppose, stakeholders…
Read Full Paper ❯Architecture
Codes and egulations Building rules are applicable in situations whereby the property owners decide to modify, demolish or establish heir buildings according to the jurisdiction of the building codes and…
Read Full Paper ❯Architecture
Inexcusable delay - these postponements outcome from a contractor's own fault or his subcontractors or substantial dealers Table 3-1 the Most Important Delay Factors According to Contractors Type Delay factor ank Scheduling Preparation and approval…
Read Full Paper ❯Architecture
project leader for the office building construction project, formulate a vision statement for the team project. According to Gray and Larson (2008) a vision is unlike a project scope…
Read Full Paper ❯Accounting
(CPA News, 2008) It is related in the CPA News article that brand and marketing strategy should involve making clients aware of the green building services of the firm…
Read Full Paper ❯Architecture
Craft not art? a. Though it is undeniable that manufacturers of objects not generally esteemed as art such as fabric and dishes are still artists, the fact that their…
Read Full Paper ❯Construction
Technical Information Research & Building Construction AnalysisTask 1i. Construction StagesSite preparationIn all construction and building projects, site clearing is the initial phase and it involves the removal of trees,…
Read Full Paper ❯Architecture
Building Design Construction Methods and Collapse General building design and construction methods Contemporary building regulations are effective in ensuring the safety of occupants throughout the life cycle of the structure. Government…
Read Full Paper ❯History - Israel
This is when the available supply will address demand. eferences Construction Logistics Management, 2010, CMS. Available from: [21 February 2012]. Construction Materials, 2009, Encyclopedia Iranica. Available from: [18 February…
Read Full Paper ❯Business
building industry. The building industry is a cyclical business based on residential and business construction. The industry has faced several years of constrained demand, despite low interest rates.…
Read Full Paper ❯Construction
Building surveying assessmentTask 11. Building construction stagesWallsThe buildings timber-framed walls have been erected compliant with the Australian Standard 1684. High-tech manufacturing devices are utilized to produce prefabricated frames within…
Read Full Paper ❯Architecture
Construction Systems and Fire Behavior The fire destruction menace is an accident that lives with the societies on a daily basis and as long as there are activities within any…
Read Full Paper ❯