¶ … Accounting and Financial Statements
The purpose of accounting is to provide managers with the information they need to evaluate the liquidity of an organization. The balance sheet, income statements, statement of owner's equity, and statement of cash flows are financial statements that provide a basis on which managers, investors and creditors can make decisions. Of the four financial statements only the balance sheet, whose amounts are carried over from year to year, is considered to be a permanent statement. The income statement, statement of owners' equity, and statement of cash flows close out at the end of each fiscal year and are considered temporary. David Kurtz (2010) describes each of the four financial statements and their individual purpose.
The Balance Sheet
The balance sheet is based on the following accounting model: assets equal liabilities plus equity. A company's balance sheet reflects its position on a specific date. The picture it paints is of the company's assets together with its liabilities and owner's equity. Balance sheets are...
It begins with total sales or revenue generated during a year, quarter, or month, and then deducts all the costs related to producing the revenue. This is accomplished by revealing the flow of resources, revenues, expenses and profits.
This statement is designed to show the performance of an organization over a certain period of time. This information is useful to decision makers when focusing on overall revenues and the costs involved in generating these revenues and provides the basic information needed to calculate the financial ratios mangers during planning and controlling.
The Statement of Owners' Equity
The statement of owner's or shareholders' equity is intended to demonstrate the components of change in equity from the end of one fiscal year to the next.…
