American Government
In theoretical discussions on representation, frequently a distinction is made between two roles of a representative i.e. between a role of a delegate or a trustee. The first refers to the representative role primarily being to transfer the desires of the constituents into the decision-making system.
The idea is to some extent instrumentalist in the sense that the representative is in the first place a mean for the represented and the better the representation reflects the variety of preferences among the constituents the better the representative quality. Among the advantages with this conceptualisation is its invitation to continuous public participation. As the delegate holds the duty to vote for, and in other ways reflect the will of the constituents, this obligation is most likely to be best fulfilled when the constituency actively expresses its preferences.
Actually in its extreme form, the representative in this conception is unable of acting in her representative role without being fed with articulated wishes from the constituents. In theory this role-definition minimises...
Firstly it raises the question about whom the representative should listen to. Is the responsibility limited to those who voted for her or him, or are all those included that may be affected by decisions taken where the representative's executes power?
Secondly this notion of representation tends to underestimate activity on own judgements by the representative such as initiatives to aggregate new combinations of opinions groups, and to initiate new issues on the political agenda, which is in many cases believed to be an important part of the representative role.
The other conception of the representative is that of a trustee acting on basis of own…
