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Disease Trends
Specific population disease trend change in the past 50 years:
Smoking, lung cancer, and the aging of the population
By the time the U.S. Surgeon General released its report Smoking and Health: Report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General in 1964, smoking was an ingrained part of American culture. Before the report was released, doctors endorsed certain brands of cigarettes as more healthful than others in advertisements; cigarette companies were popular sponsors of family broadcasting and smoking was glamorized on the silver screen. A mere 44% of Americans believed smoking was linked to lung cancer (The reports of the Surgeon General, 2013, NLM). However, the Report "held cigarette smoking responsible for a 70% increase in the mortality rate of smokers over non-smokers" (The reports of the Surgeon General, 2013, NLM). An intensive anti-smoking public health campaign resulted and reducing...
"In 1965, Congress required all cigarette packages distributed in the United States to carry a health warning, and since 1970 this warning is made in the name of the Surgeon General. In 1969, cigarette advertising on television and radio was banned, effective September 1970" (The reports of the Surgeon General, 2013, NLM). However, a generation of persons had already become physically addicted to smoking and even today, the legacy of the addictive nature of smoking remains embedded within the needs of the American healthcare system.
Lung cancer is a progressive illness: its effects are visible only over time. One puff of a cigarette does not cause cancer but the effects of smoking are manifested due to habituated use. As the population as a whole ages, rates of lung cancer have actually increased, despite…
Lung cancer is a progressive illness: its effects are visible only over time. One puff of a cigarette does not cause cancer but the effects of smoking are manifested due to habituated use. As the population as a whole ages, rates of lung cancer have actually increased, despite an extensive anti-smoking public health campaign. "Mortality attributable to malignant neoplasms of the lung and associated organs has risen sharply since 1950. Here again mortality rises with age, in this instance is significantly higher in general among males as compared to females, and has a multitude of etiologies, although the consumption of tobacco products and exposure to second-hand smoke are important risk factors in the epidemic of this form of cancer" (Williams n.d.: 24). Although smoking has gone down overall, lung cancer remains the most common deadly kind of cancer for both men and women. While the rates of mortality for men still are higher than that of women, the rates of women contracting lung cancer are increasing (Newest stats show lung cancer rates dropping for men, but still going up for women, 2007, Lung Cancer Alliance). The reasons for this are unclear: women's generally longer lifespans may mean that the cancer has longer to manifest itself. Even though quitting reduces the likelihood of contracting lung cancer, the increased risk is not eliminated.
To guard against the rise of lung cancer, graphic anti-smoking campaigns have been instituted by the federal government. 20% of the U.S. population still smokes: on one hand, this is a sharp decline relative to fifty years ago; however, given the link between smoking and preventable diseases, it is still far too high (Fox, 2013, Graphic anti-smoking). Recent media campaigns have featured persons who have lost the ability to speak due to smoking-related cancers as well as reminders of the link between smoking and mortality (Fox, 2013, Graphic anti-smoking).
Education alone cannot be attributed to the decline in smoking rates. Smoking has become increasingly less acceptable legally and socially: in some cities, smoking
Disease Trends in the United States Aging About 4.5% of the world's population comprises of the people of United States (U.S.). The country has the world's third largest population and statistical analysis shows that approximately 155 million people have been added to the U.S. population and figures have increased by nearly 105% in the past 50 years (Kotkin, 2010). In addition, the U.S. population has also experienced a qualitative change. According to
disease trend. Some examples Tuberculosis Sarah Eucalano's article that appeared in the Badger Herald, "Bird flu studies to resume shortly" details the research efforts of the international community towards the bird flu epidemic. This work attempts to identify the reasons why research into this field was abandoned, and why it is attempting to recrudesce. It alludes to the seriousness of this particular illness, and makes a plethora of references to
Health Sciences Information Resources Ernst & Young (2001) describe the global health sciences marketplace as "a web created by pharmaceutical companies, biotech firms, eHealth companies, hospitals, physicians and other practitioners and medical device manufacturers" to name a few (p.1). This web or library of information is the wave of the future. Health sciences information libraries of the future will not just serve as global resources of health care information, but
Disease and Poverty Poverty and diseases The third world countries are much known for the negative aspects and the perpetuating of the same. One of the negative news that is heard of from the third world all the time is the problem of diseases that plague the country. It is a problem that has been observed to affect a vast population within the poor countries and especially among the poor sector of
Additionally, those who consume poultry that is either raw or undercooked are stated to be "at an increased risk for avian influenza." (The New York Times, 25 Feb 2009) SUPPORTING EVIDENCE Viruses such as the avian flu viruses which are highly infectious are shown to "survive in the environment for long period of time." (he New York Times, 25 Feb 2009) Additionally the article relates that one may become infected through
Some of these illnesses have unique features which make them particularly difficult to track as subjects of surveillance. For example, Lyme tests are often unreliable. Also, "many viruses and bacteria cause nonspecific syndromes or symptom complexes that include most diarrheal and respiratory symptoms" (Ritz, Tager, & Balms 2005). This is also true of tracking the efficacy of treatments: "in cases where there are long delays between the implementation of